Search results for "Length"

showing 10 items of 2188 documents

Plasmonic nanostructures for light trapping in thin-film solar cells

2019

Abstract The optical properties of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) sustained by self-assembled silver nanoparticles are of great interest for enhancing light trapping in thin film photovoltaics. First, we report on a systematic investigation of the structural and the optical properties of silver nanostructures fabricated by a solid-state dewetting process on various substrates. Our study allows to identify fabrication conditions in which circular, uniformly spaced nanoparticles are obtainable. The optimized NPs are then integrated into plasmonic back reflector (PBR) structures. Second, we demonstrate a novel procedure, involving a combination of opto-electronic spectroscopic tec…

Materials scienceCondensed Matter Physic02 engineering and technologySettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesSilver nanoparticlelaw.inventionNanoparticlelawPhotovoltaics0103 physical sciencesSolar cellMechanics of MaterialGeneral Materials Sciencesubwavelength nanostructuresDewettingThin filmSurface plasmon resonancePlasmonThin film solar cell010302 applied physicsthin film solar cellsbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringSelf-assemblyself-assemblyLocalized surface plasmon resonance021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsphotovoltaicsMechanics of MaterialsOptoelectronicsPlasmonic-enhanced light trappingSubwavelength nanostructurenanoparticlesMaterials Science (all)0210 nano-technologybusinessPhotovoltaicLocalized surface plasmon
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Photonic band gaps in highly ionic medium: CuCl, CuBr, CuI

2003

Abstract Using the transfer-matrix-method, we have studied the propagation of electromagnetic waves through two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) dispersive photonic band gap (PBG) structures constructed from copper halides materials, especially from CuCl compounds. A special attention has been paid to the effect of the polariton gap on the PBG properties. This study reveals that “Twin gaps” and “Twin brothers” concepts and the flattened bands phenomena in both polarizations and for both structures (i.e. 2D and 3D) are all consequences of the strong photon–phonon coupling, particularly near the long wave length transverse optical phonon frequency. Furthermore, results for comparis…

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsBand gapWave propagationPhononTransfer-matrix method (optics)Physics::OpticsCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelengthPolaritonCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsElectronic band structurePhotonic crystalInfrared Physics & Technology
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Spin-orbit torques and tunable Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in Co/Cu/Co trilayers

2017

We study the spin-orbit torques (SOTs) in Co/Cu/Co magnetic trilayers based on first-principles density-functional theory calculations in the case where the applied electric field lies in-plane, i.e., parallel to the interfaces. We assume that the bottom Co layer has a fixed in-plane magnetization, while the top Co layer can be switched. We find that the SOT on the top ferromagnet can be controlled by the bottom ferromagnet because of the nonlocal character of the SOT in this system. As a consequence the SOT is anisotropic, i.e., its magnitude varies with the direction of the applied electric field. We show that the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in the top layer is anisotropic as …

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMagnetizationWavelengthFerromagnetismElectric fieldMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesOrbit (dynamics)Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysicsddc:530Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyAnisotropyLayer (electronics)Spin-½
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Neutron scattering study of melting ofHe3surface layers

1982

The melting of the incommensurate phase of $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ submonolayers adsorbed on Grafoil was investigated by elastic neutron scattering. The temperature dependence of the nearest-neighbor distance, the coherence length, and the peak intensity of the structure factor can be explained by a simple model assuming a melting transition which is driven by thermally created lattice defects.

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsPhase (matter)Neutron diffractionNeutron reflectometryBiological small-angle scatteringNeutron scatteringStructure factorSmall-angle neutron scatteringCoherence lengthPhysical Review B
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Direct temporal reconstruction of picosecond pulse by cross-correlation in semiconductor device

2012

Cross-correlation measurements using the two-photon absorption process in a semiconductor is experimentally demonstrated for two pulses of different wavelengths (shifted by ~200 nm) and durations (20 times ratio). These measurements were found to be highly repeatable and fully suitable for the determination of the temporal intensity profile of picosecond (ps) pulses.

Materials scienceCross-correlationbusiness.industrySemiconductor deviceIntensity (physics)WavelengthOpticsSemiconductorPicosecond pulsePicosecondOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Electronics Letters
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Labyrinthine instability of miscible magnetic fluids

2002

Abstract We consider an inhomogeneous magnetic fluid (MF), modeling a miscible MF pair, in a Hele–Shaw cell under a normal field. A linear stability analysis for the sharp straight interface (analytically) and for the diffused one (numerically) is performed. For the former case, the neutral curves and the stability diagram are found along with the critical wavelength and parameter values. Oscillatory or monotonous instabilities are shown to occur. For the diffused interface, we recognize the importance of 2D flow viscous effects along with the conventional wall friction and observe that in strong fields the dominant wavelength scales as the cell gap.

Materials scienceDominant wavelengthFlow (psychology)Stability diagramMechanicsCondensed Matter PhysicsInstabilityElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhysics::Fluid DynamicsNormal fieldWavelengthHele-Shaw flowClassical mechanicsLinear stability analysisJournal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
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Tunable dual-wavelength operation of an all- fiber thulium-doped fiber laser based on tunable fiber Bragg gratings

2018

Tunable dual-wavelength emission of a Tm-doped fiber laser based on two fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is experimentally demonstrated. By using two FBGs with central wavelengths at 2069.30 and 2069.44 nm, stable dual-wavelength laser generation in the 2 ?m wavelength region is achieved by adjusting the differential loss of the two wavelengths in the laser cavity. Strain applied on the FBG allows independent tuning of the simultaneously generated wavelengths with separation between the laser lines in a range from 0.54 to 9 nm. The laser has output power fluctuations less than 0.093% for an output power of 77.3 mW.

Materials scienceDual-wavelength fiber laserschemistry.chemical_elementPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsFiber Bragg gratinglawFiber laser0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRange (particle radiation)business.industryDopingLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsUNESCO::FÍSICA::Óptica ::Fibras ópticasElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsWavelengthThuliumchemistry:FÍSICA::Óptica ::Fibras ópticas [UNESCO]Optical cavitybusinessThulium-Doped FiberTunable fiber lasersFiber bragg gratings
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High-power pulsed dye laser with Fourier-limited bandwidth

1986

A high-peak-power, narrow-linewidth light source with a homogeneous beam profile has been constructed by modifications to a commercially available pulsed-dye-laser system. Output pulses of up to 10 mJ were generated with linewidths of about 50 MHz for 12-nsec pulses. The pulse-to-pulse frequency stability was better than the linewidth, and the center frequency could be scanned over a frequency range of 142.5 GHz at a wavelength of 600 nm. The performance of the system was demonstrated by observing the 6s2 1S0–6s7s1S0 transition in atomic mercury at 2λ = 312.8 nm and the 6s2S1/2–8s2S1/2 transition in atomic gold at 2λ = 308.9 nm using up to 1 mJ of frequency-doubled output for two-photon non…

Materials scienceDye laserbusiness.industryStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionLaser linewidthWavelengthOpticslawExcited stateOptoelectronicsDetectors and Experimental TechniquesCenter frequencySpectroscopybusinessHyperfine structureJournal of the Optical Society of America B
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A novel multi-wavelength procedure for blood pressure estimation using opto-physiological sensor at peripheral arteries and capillaries

2018

© 2018 SPIE. In this study, the Carelight multi-wavelength opto-electronic patch sensor (OEPS) was adopted to assess the effectiveness of a new approach for estimating the systolic blood pressure (SBP) through the changes in the morphology of the OEPS signal. Specifically, the SBP was estimated by changing the pressure exerted on an inflatable cuff placed around the left upper arm. Pressure acquisitions were performed both with gold standard (i.e. electronic sphygmomanometer), and Carelight sensor (experimental procedure), on subjects from a multiethnic cohort (aged 28 ± 7). The OEPS sensor was applied together with a manual inflatable cuff, going slightly above the level of the SBP with in…

Materials scienceElectronic sphygmomanometerIdentification errorMulti wavelengthPeripheralInflatableBlood pressuremedicine.arteryCuffSettore ING-IND/12 - Misure Meccaniche E TermichemedicineRadial arteryblood pressure Multi-Wavelength opto-electronic patch sensor (OEPS) photopletismgraphy PPG systolic blood pressure wearable sensorBiomedical engineeringDesign and Quality for Biomedical Technologies XI
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Polymorphism in phase-change materials: melt-quenched and as-deposited amorphous structures in Ge2Sb2Te5from density functional calculations

2011

The as-deposited (AD) amorphous structure of the prototype phase change material Ge${}_{2}$Sb${}_{2}$Te${}_{5}$ (GST-225) has been studied by density functional calculations for a 648-atom sample generated by computer-aided deposition at 300 K. The AD sample differs from a melt-quenched (MQ) sample in essential ways: (1) Ge atoms are predominantly tetrahedrally coordinated, and (2) homopolar and Ge-Sb bonds are more common and reduce the number of $\mathit{ABAB}$ squares ($A=\mathrm{Ge}$, Sb; $B=\mathrm{Te}$), the characteristic building blocks of the material. The first observation resolves the contradiction between measured (EXAFS) and calculated Ge-Te bond lengths, and the latter explain…

Materials scienceExtended X-ray absorption fine structureCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionAmorphous solidBond lengthCrystallographyPhase changePolymorphism (materials science)lawCovalent bondCrystallizationValence electronPhysical Review B
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