Search results for "Limit"

showing 10 items of 2826 documents

Search for Extraterrestrial Point Sources of Neutrinos with AMANDA-II

2003

We present the results of a search for point sources of high energy neutrinos in the northern hemisphere using AMANDA-II data collected in the year 2000. Included are flux limits on several AGN blazars, microquasars, magnetars and other candidate neutrino sources. A search for excesses above a random background of cosmic-ray-induced atmospheric neutrinos and misreconstructed downgoing cosmic-ray muons reveals no statistically significant neutrino point sources. We show that AMANDA-II has achieved the sensitivity required to probe known TeV gamma-ray sources such as the blazar Markarian 501 in its 1997 flaring state at a level where neutrino and gamma-ray fluxes are equal.

AMANDAcosmic radiation [neutrino]Solar neutrinoAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaparticle source [cosmic radiation]General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsmagnetic [matter]Astrophysicsnumerical methodsddc:550quasarBlazarAstroparticle physicsPhysicsphotomultipliercosmic radiation [muon]water [Cherenkov counter]Astrophysics (astro-ph)AstronomySolar neutrino problemCosmic neutrino backgroundNeutrino detectorMeasurements of neutrino speedHigh Energy Physics::Experimentflux [cosmic radiation]blazar [AGN]data managementNeutrinoupper limitexperimental results
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A note on a generalization of Françoise's algorithm for calculating higher order Melnikov functions

2004

In [J. Differential Equations 146 (2) (1998) 320–335], Françoise gives an algorithm for calculating the first nonvanishing Melnikov function M of a small polynomial perturbation of a Hamiltonian vector field and shows that M is given by an Abelian integral. This is done under the condition that vanishing of an Abelian integral of any polynomial form ω on the family of cycles implies that the form is algebraically relatively exact. We study here a simple example where Françoise’s condition is not verified. We generalize Françoise’s algorithm to this case and we show that M belongs to the C[log t, t, 1/t] module above the Abelian integrals. We also establish the linear differential system ver…

Abelian integralMathematics(all)GeneralizationGeneral MathematicsHomotopyMathematical analysisApplied mathematicsOrder (group theory)Abelian integral; Melnikov function; Limit cycle; Fuchs systemMelnikov methodMathematics
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A generalization of Françoise's algorithm for calculating higher order Melnikov functions

2002

Abstract In [J. Differential Equations 146 (2) (1998) 320–335], Francoise gives an algorithm for calculating the first nonvanishing Melnikov function Ml of a small polynomial perturbation of a Hamiltonian vector field and shows that Ml is given by an Abelian integral. This is done under the condition that vanishing of an Abelian integral of any polynomial form ω on the family of cycles implies that the form is algebraically relatively exact. We study here a simple example where Francoise's condition is not verified. We generalize Francoise's algorithm to this case and we show that Ml belongs to the C [ log t,t,1/t] module above the Abelian integrals. We also establish the linear differentia…

Abelian integralMathematics(all)Hamiltonian vector fieldMelnikov functionDifferential equationGeneral MathematicsAbelian integralLimit cycleAbelian integral; Melnikov function; Limit cycle; Fuchs systemHamiltonian systemFuchs systemVector fieldAbelian groupAlgorithmHamiltonian (control theory)Linear equationMathematicsBulletin des Sciences Mathématiques
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Abelian integrals and limit cycles

2006

Abstract The paper deals with generic perturbations from a Hamiltonian planar vector field and more precisely with the number and bifurcation pattern of the limit cycles. In this paper we show that near a 2-saddle cycle, the number of limit cycles produced in unfoldings with one unbroken connection, can exceed the number of zeros of the related Abelian integral, even if the latter represents a stable elementary catastrophe. We however also show that in general, finite codimension of the Abelian integral leads to a finite upper bound on the local cyclicity. In the treatment, we introduce the notion of simple asymptotic scale deformation.

Abelian integralPure mathematicsApplied MathematicsMathematical analysisAbelian integralTwo-saddle cyclePlanar vector fieldsAsymptotic scale deformationCodimensionLimit cycleUpper and lower boundsPlanar vector fieldsymbols.namesakeLimit cyclesymbolsHamiltonian perturbationAbelian groupHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)BifurcationAnalysisMathematicsJournal of Differential Equations
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Spectrophotometric determination of ethiofencarb in waters by reaction with p-aminophenol

1993

An automatized procedure has been developed for the spectrophotometric determination of ethiofencarb in water by reaction with p-aminophenol after alkaline hydrolysis to obtain the corresponding phenol sulphone. The hydrolyzed samples are continuously introduced into different manifolds at the same time as 300 mg/l p-aminophenol, 0.004 mol/l KIO4 and 0.04 mol/l NaOH solutions. The absorbance is measured at 638 nm after a reaction time of 6 min in stop flow. This absorbance band corresponds to the indo dye obtained from the reaction between the phenol sulphone of ethiofencarb and the quinoneimine form of the p-aminophenol and it permits a matrix-free spectrophotometric determination of ethio…

AbsorbanceDetection limitHydrolysischemistry.chemical_compoundChemistryP-AminophenolEthiofencarbAnalytical chemistryPhenolAlkaline hydrolysis (body disposal)BiochemistryChemical reactionNuclear chemistryFresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry
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Adaptive Processes Concerned with Absorption and Metabolism of Xylitol

1969

The turnover rate of a monosaccharide or poly alcohol in most cases depends on the mode of application. With the exception of glucose or galactose carbohydrates are metabolized faster after intravenous application than after oral application. This shows, that absorption from the gastro-intestinal tract is a rate limiting factor. Dealing with adaptive processes we therefore have to be concerned with absorptive mechanisms on one hand and enzymatic reactions in the cellular metabolism on the other hand.

Absorption (pharmacology)chemistry.chemical_classificationLimiting factorchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryBiochemistryGalactoseMonosaccharideAlcoholMetabolismXylitolEnzyme catalysis
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Simulating the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions limiting transmission in COVID-19 epidemics using a membrane computing model

2021

Epidemics caused by microbial organisms are part of the natural phenomena of increasing biological complexity. The heterogeneity and constant variability of hosts, in terms of age, immunological status, family structure, lifestyle, work activities, social and leisure habits, daily division of time and other demographic characteristics make it extremely difficult to predict the evolution of epidemics. Such prediction is, however, critical for implementing intervention measures in due time and with appropriate intensity. General conclusions should be precluded, given that local parameters dominate the flow of local epidemics. Membrane computing models allows us to reproduce the objects (virus…

AcademicSubjects/SCI01150Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Mortality ratePsychological interventionModelingCOVID-19modelingGeneral MedicineLimitinglaw.inventionTransmission (mechanics)GeographyIntervention measureslawmembrane computingIntervention (counseling)Membrane computing03.- Garantizar una vida saludable y promover el bienestar para todos y todas en todas las edadesMembrane computingLENGUAJES Y SISTEMAS INFORMATICOSinterventionsInterventionsDemographyResearch ArticleMicrolife
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Development of microextraction techniques in combination with GC-MS/MS for the determination of mycotoxins and metabolites in human urine.

2017

Simple and highly efficient sample preparation procedures, namely, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and salting-out liquid–liquid extraction for the analysis of ten Fusarium mycotoxins and metabolites in human urine were compared. Various parameters affecting extraction efficiency were carefully evaluated. Under optimal extraction conditions, salting-out liquid–liquid extraction showed a better accuracy (84–96%) and precision (<14%) than dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. Hence, a multibiomarker method based on salting-out liquid–liquid extraction followed by gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was proposed. Satisfactory results in terms of validation were achiev…

Accuracy and precisionLiquid Phase MicroextractionFiltration and SeparationPilot ProjectsUrineUrinalysisTandem mass spectrometry01 natural sciencesGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAnalytical Chemistry0404 agricultural biotechnologyLimit of DetectionTandem Mass SpectrometryHumansSample preparationDetection limitChromatographyChemistry010401 analytical chemistryExtraction (chemistry)04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesMycotoxins040401 food science0104 chemical sciencesGas chromatographyGas chromatography–mass spectrometryJournal of separation science
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Isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of tryptophan in infant formulas.

1996

The application to infant formulas of a method for tryptophan determination by isocratic HPLC with UV detection at 254 nm, after derivatization with phenyl isothiocyanate, was studied. Protein was hydrolysed by barium hydroxide at 120 degrees C for 8 h, followed by derivatization with phenyl isothiocyanate, HPLC and UV detection at 254 nm. The optimum chromatographic conditions (pH, ionic strength of elution solvent and eluent ratio) were established. The analytical parameters (linearity, precision, accuracy of derivatization and limits of detection and quantification) were determined. The values obtained demonstrated that the method is useful for determining the tryptophan content of infan…

AcetatesBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographySensitivity and SpecificityAnalytical ChemistryBarium hydroxidechemistry.chemical_compoundColumn chromatographyIsothiocyanatesHumansDerivatizationChromatography High Pressure LiquidAcetic AcidDetection limitChromatographyPhenyl isothiocyanateElutionOrganic ChemistryOsmolar ConcentrationTryptophanInfant NewbornTryptophanInfantGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationchemistrySolventsInfant FoodThiocyanatesJournal of chromatography. A
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Determination of free formaldehyde in cosmetics containing formaldehyde-releasing preservatives by reversed-phase dispersive liquid-liquid microextra…

2017

Abstract An analytical method for the determination of traces of formaldehyde in cosmetic products containing formaldehyde-releasing preservatives has been developed. The method is based on reversed-phase dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (RP-DLLME), that allows the extraction of highly polar compounds, followed by liquid chromatography–ultraviolet/visible (LC–UV/vis) determination with post-column derivatization. The variables involved in the RP-DLLME process were studied to provide the best enrichment factors. Under the selected conditions, a mixture of 500 μL of acetonitrile (disperser solvent) and 50 μL of water (extraction solvent) was rapidly injected into 5 mL of toluene sampl…

AcetonitrilesLiquid Phase Microextraction02 engineering and technologyCosmetics01 natural sciencesBiochemistryChemistry Techniques AnalyticalAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundLimit of DetectionFormaldehydeAcetonitrileDerivatizationDetection limitChromatographyElution010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryExtraction (chemistry)Preservatives PharmaceuticalReproducibility of ResultsWaterGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesSolventchemistryReagentSolvents0210 nano-technologyEnrichment factorChromatography LiquidTolueneJournal of chromatography. A
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