Search results for "Linearity"

showing 10 items of 118 documents

In silico prediction of central nervous system activity of compounds. Identification of potential pharmacophores by the TOPS–MODE approach

2004

The central nervous system (CNS) activity has been investigated by using a topological substructural molecular approach (TOPS-MODE). A discriminant analysis to classify CNS and non-CNS drugs was developed on a data set (302 compounds) of great structural variability where more than 81% (247/302) were well classified. Randic's orthogonalization procedures was carried out to allow the interpretation of the model and to avoid the collinearity among descriptors. The discriminant model was assessed by a leave-n-out (when n varies from 2 to 20) cross-validation procedure (79.94% of correct classification), an external prediction set composed by 78 CNS/non-CNS drugs (80.77% of correct classificati…

Central Nervous SystemMolecular modelChemistryStereochemistryIn silicoOrganic ChemistryClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceCollinearityComputational biologyLinear discriminant analysisModels BiologicalBiochemistryCross-validationPolar surface areaStructure-Activity RelationshipPredictive Value of TestsDrug DiscoveryMolecular MedicinePharmacophoreMolecular BiologyOrthogonalizationCentral Nervous System AgentsBioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
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Analysis of neuronal networks in the visual system of the cat using statistical signals

1976

If the input signals of the visual system in the cat are statistical patterns in space and time, a complete system analysis can be carried out. What counts here as a system are the neuronal networks between retina and recording site. In the case of linearity, one obtains the temporal impulse response functions at every point in the receptive field with the aid of correlation methods. The measuring time is about one minute. Some aspects of the procedure are explained in terms of examples. The method of measurement also makes it possible to determine the characteristic function of the system in time and space between different recording sites within the cortex. It is possible to specialize th…

Characteristic function (convex analysis)Systems AnalysisGeneral Computer ScienceModels NeurologicalStatistics as TopicComplex systemLinearityNonlinear systemSimple (abstract algebra)Receptive fieldCatsElectronic engineeringAnimalsVisual PathwaysPoint (geometry)AlgorithmImpulse responseBiotechnologyMathematicsBiological Cybernetics
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FROM DISCRETE KINETIC AND STOCHASTIC GAME THEORY TO MODELLING COMPLEX SYSTEMS IN APPLIED SCIENCES

2004

This paper deals with some methodological aspects related to the discretization of a class of integro-differential equations modelling the evolution of the probability distribution over the microscopic state of a large system of interacting individuals. The microscopic state includes both mechanical and socio-biological variables. The discretization of the microscopic state generates a class of dynamical systems defining the evolution of the densities of the discretized state. In general, this yields a system of partial differential equations replacing the continuous integro-differential equation. As an example, a specific application is discussed, which refers to modelling in the field of…

Class (set theory)Partial differential equationDiscretizationField (physics)Dynamical systems theoryApplied Mathematicspopulation modelsMathematical analysisStochastic gameBoltzmann modelsComplex systemnonlinearityModeling and SimulationApplied mathematicsProbability distributiondiscretizationKinetic theoryMathematicsMathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences
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Estimation of brain connectivity through Artificial Neural Networks

2019

Among different methods available for estimating brain connectivity from electroencephalographic signals (EEG), those based on MVAR models have proved to be flexible and accurate. They rely on the solution of linear equations that can be pursued through artificial neural networks (ANNs) used as MVAR model. However, when few data samples are available, there is a lack of accuracy in estimating MVAR parameters due to the collinearity between regressors. Moreover, the assessment procedure is also affected by the lack of data points. The mathematical solution to these problems is represented by penalized regression methods based on l 1 norm, that can reduce collinearity by means of variable sel…

Computer scienceFeature selection02 engineering and technologyConnectivity measurements03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringArtificial neural networkbusiness.industryProcess (computing)BrainPattern recognitionElectroencephalographyCollinearityCausalityData pointCausality; Connectivity measurements; Physiological systems modeling - Multivariate signal processingNorm (mathematics)Physiological systems modeling - Multivariate signal processingRegression Analysis020201 artificial intelligence & image processingAnalysis of varianceArtificial intelligenceNeural Networks ComputerbusinessAlgorithms Brain Electroencephalography Regression Analysis Neural Networks Computer030217 neurology & neurosurgeryLinear equationAlgorithms
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W-shaped, bright and kink solitons in the quadratic-cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation with time and space modulated nonlinearities and potentials

2017

An extended non-linear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) combining quadratic and cubic Non-linearities, which appears as an approximate model of a relatively dense quasi-one-dimensional Bose–Einstein con...

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesPhysicsSpacetimeNon linearityNonlinear optics01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSchrödinger equation010309 opticssymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsQuadratic equation0103 physical sciencessymbols010306 general physicsNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsNonlinear Schrödinger equationJournal of Modern Optics
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Dynamics of thermally induced optical nonlinearity in GaSe thin slabs

1996

A study of the nonlinear effects shown by thin slabs of GaSe metaled with Au is presented.

Condensed Matter::Quantum Gasesendocrine systemanimal structuresMaterials sciencegenetic structuresbusiness.industryDynamics (mechanics)Physics::OpticsFísicaNonlinear opticsCondensed Matter Physicseye diseasesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterOptical nonlinearityOpticsPhysics::Plasma Physicssense organsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessMicrowave and Optical Technology Letters
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Quantifying Vegetation Biophysical Variables from Imaging Spectroscopy Data: A Review on Retrieval Methods

2019

An unprecedented spectroscopic data stream will soon become available with forthcoming Earth-observing satellite missions equipped with imaging spectroradiometers. This data stream will open up a vast array of opportunities to quantify a diversity of biochemical and structural vegetation properties. The processing requirements for such large data streams require reliable retrieval techniques enabling the spatiotemporally explicit quantification of biophysical variables. With the aim of preparing for this new era of Earth observation, this review summarizes the state-of-the-art retrieval methods that have been applied in experimental imaging spectroscopy studies inferring all kinds of vegeta…

Data streamEarth observation010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesComputer scienceUT-Hybrid-D010502 geochemistry & geophysicscomputer.software_genreQuantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods01 natural sciencesArticleGeochemistry and PetrologyFOS: Electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringQuantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesParametric statisticsData stream miningImage and Video Processing (eess.IV)Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing15. Life on land22/4 OA procedureRegressionImaging spectroscopyGeophysicsSpectroradiometer13. Climate actionMulticollinearityFOS: Biological sciencesITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLEData miningcomputerSurveys in Geophysics
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SiPM as miniaturised optical biosensor for DNA-microarray applications

2015

A miniaturized optical biosensor for low-level fluorescence emitted by DNA strands labelled with CY5 is showed. Aim of this work is to demonstrate that a Si-based photodetector, having a low noise and a high sensitivity, can replace traditional detection systems in DNA-microarray applications. The photodetector used is a photomultiplier (SiPM), with 25 pixels. It exhibits a higher sensitivity than commercial optical readers and we experimentally found a detection limit for spotted dried samples of ∼1 nM. We measured the fluorescence signal in different operating conditions (angle of analysis, fluorophores concentrations, solution volumes and support). Once fixed the angle of analysis, for s…

Detection limitAnalytePhotomultiplierMaterials scienceoptical biosensorbusiness.industrySiPMDNA microarrayPhotodetectorLinearityDNA-microarraySignalSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSilicon photomultiplierOpticslcsh:TA1-2040DNA microarray; Fluorophore detection; Optical Biosensor; SiPMSignal ProcessingElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusinesslcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Sensitivity (electronics)Fluorophore detectionBiotechnologySensing and Bio-Sensing Research
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High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of tocopherols in infant formulas

2002

A method for the simultaneous determination of alpha-tocopherol acetate and alpha-, delta-, and gamma-tocopherols by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescent detector in infant formula is proposed. The values obtained in the determination of the analytical parameters: linearity, precision, limit of detection and accuracy (analysis of a standard reference material, SRM 1846), confirm the quality of the method. The proposed method is useful for the determination of alpha-, delta-, and gamma-tocopherols and alpha-tocopherol acetate in infant formulas at a low cost and in a total time of 2 h.

Detection limitChromatographyChemistryVitamine eOrganic ChemistryDetectorAnalytical chemistryInfantReproducibility of ResultsTocopherolsfood and beveragesLinearityGeneral MedicineSensitivity and SpecificityBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical ChemistrySpectrometry FluorescenceHumansInfant FoodQuantitative analysis (chemistry)Chromatography High Pressure LiquidAnalysis methodJournal of Chromatography A
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(p, 2)-Equations with a Crossing Nonlinearity and Concave Terms

2018

We consider a parametric Dirichlet problem driven by the sum of a p-Laplacian ($$p>2$$) and a Laplacian (a (p, 2)-equation). The reaction consists of an asymmetric $$(p-1)$$-linear term which is resonant as $$x \rightarrow - \infty $$, plus a concave term. However, in this case the concave term enters with a negative sign. Using variational tools together with suitable truncation techniques and Morse theory (critical groups), we show that when the parameter is small the problem has at least three nontrivial smooth solutions.

Dirichlet problem0209 industrial biotechnologyControl and OptimizationMultiple smooth solutionTruncationConcave termApplied Mathematicsp-Laplacian010102 general mathematicsMathematical analysis02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesTerm (time)Nonlinear system020901 industrial engineering & automationSettore MAT/05 - Analisi MatematicaCrossing nonlinearityNonlinear maximum principle0101 mathematicsLaplace operatorCritical groupNonlinear regularityMorse theoryParametric statisticsMathematicsApplied Mathematics & Optimization
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