Search results for "Lipids"
showing 10 items of 2228 documents
Cholesterol accumulation is increased in macrophages of phospholipid transfer protein-deficient mice: normalization by dietary alpha-tocopherol suppl…
2007
Objective— Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is a multifunctional, extracellular lipid transport protein that plays a major role in lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis. Recent in vivo studies suggested that unlike systemic PLTP, macrophage-derived PLTP would be antiatherogenic. The present study aimed at characterizing the atheroprotective properties of macrophage-derived PLTP. Methods and Results— Peritoneal macrophages were isolated from PLTP-deficient and wild-type mice and their biochemical characteristics were compared. It is shown that macrophages isolated from PLTP-deficient mice have increased basal cholesterol content and accumulate more cholesterol in the presence of LD…
Comparative study of post-natal retinal vascular development in mice models of iPLA2 inhibition and plasmalogen deficiency
2012
Purpose: Plasmalogens are particular phospholipids characterized by the presence of a vinyl-ether bond and of a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) at sn-1 and sn-2 positions of glycerol, respectively. Even if the plasmalogen content of organs and tissues is well documented, their biological functions are still enigmatic. Plasmalogen deficiency in DAPAT-/- mice leads to developmental abnormalities in retinal vasculature (Acar et al, ARVO 2007 E-Abstract 2978) and to persistent hyaloïd arteries. We hypothesize that plasmalogens regulate retinal vascular development through the liberation of PUFA by a plasmalogen-specific calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2). We have performed a compara…
Co-loading of finasteride and baicalin in phospholipid vesicles tailored for the treatment of hair disorders
2020
[EN] Hair loss affects a large number of people worldwide and it has a negative impact on the quality of life. Despite the availability of different drugs for the treatment of hair disorders, therapeutic options are still limited and scarcely effective. An innovative strategy to improve the efficacy of alopecia treatment is presented in this work. Finasteride, the only oral synthetic drug approved by Unites States Federal Drug Administration, was loaded in phospholipid vesicles. In addition, baicalin was co-loaded as an adjuvant. Their effect on hair growth was evaluatedin vitroandin vivo. Liposomes, hyalurosomes, glycerosomes and glycerol-hyalurosomes were manufactured by using a simple me…
Lovastatin stimulates p75 TNF receptor (TNFR2) expression in primary human endothelial cells
2005
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) exert pleiotropic physiological effects. Among others they attenuate cellular responses to genotoxic and inflammatory stress. We investigated the effect of lovastatin on the expression level of TNF receptors (TNFR) in primary human endothelial cells (HUVEC). ELISA, FACS and immunocytochemical analyses show that lovastatin selectively increases the cell surface expression of TNFR2 without affecting the expression level of TNFR1. This effect of lovastatin is independent from inhibition of cell-cycle progression since cells both in G1- and G2-phase showed elevated levels of TNFR2 after lovastatin treatment. To analyze the physiological relevance of lovast…
Analysis of a soluble lipid-protein complex carrying endogenous 11-cis retinaldehyde from bovine retinal pigment epithelium.
1989
A soluble lipid-protein complex in bovine retinal pigment epithelium is shown to carry endogenous 11-cis retinaldehyde, in the extent of 15% of the total 11-cis retinaldehyde found in this tissue. The complex, analyzed with respect to its chemical composition, exhibits a lipid composition close resembling the lipid composition of the rod outer segment membrane; the SDS-PAGE evidences the presence of a number of protein bands, two of which of 34 and 27 kDa appear glycoproteins. Finally, the lipid-protein complex exhibits a discrete level of a Cathepsin D-like protease activity. From the above, the possibility is discussed that the soluble lipid-protein complex could represent some phagolysos…
Anthropometric indices, lipid profile, and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels in metabolic endotoxemia: A case-control study in Calabar Metrop…
2020
Objectives: To determine the anthropometric indices, lipopolysaccharide-binding proteins (LBP), and lipid profile in patients with metabolic endotoxemia. Methods: The study comprised of 47 patients with metabolic endotoxemia (the metabolic endotoxemia group) and 43 controls (the control group). Patients in the metabolic endotoxemia group were categorized further into three subgroups including the normal weight group (n=8), the overweight group (n=12) and the obese group (n=27). Height, weight, waist, and hip circumference were measured, and waist-hip ratio (WHR) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. LBP was determined by ELISA and total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprot…
Branched-Chain Amino Acid Deprivation Decreases Lipid Oxidation and Lipogenesis in C2C12 Myotubes
2022
Impaired lipid metabolism is a common risk factor underlying several metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) that include valine, leucine and isoleucine have been proven to share a role in lipid metabolism and hence in maintaining metabolic health. We have previously introduced a hypothesis suggesting that BCAA degradation mechanistically connects to lipid oxidation and storage in skeletal muscle. To test our hypothesis, the present study examined the effects of BCAA deprivation and supplementation on lipid oxidation, lipogenesis and lipid droplet characteristics in murine C2C12 myotubes. In addition, the role of myotube contract…
Aerobic exercise training and gut microbiome-associated metabolic shifts in women with overweight : a multi-omic study
2023
Physical activity is essential in weight management, improves overall health, and mitigates obesity-related risk markers. Besides inducing changes in systemic metabolism, habitual exercise may improve gut’s microbial diversity and increase the abundance of beneficial taxa in a correlated fashion. Since there is a lack of integrative omics studies on exercise and overweight populations, we studied the metabolomes and gut microbiota associated with programmed exercise in obese individuals. We measured the serum and fecal metabolites of 17 adult women with overweight during a 6-week endurance exercise program. Further, we integrated the exercise-responsive metabolites with variations in the gu…
Effects of high-fat diet and physical activity on pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 in mouse skeletal muscle
2012
Background. The expression of PDK4 is elevated by diabetes, fasting and other conditions associated with the switch from the utilization of glucose to fatty acids as an energy source. It is previously shown that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a master regulator of energy metabolism, coactivates in cell lines pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK4) gene expression via the estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα). We investigated the effects of long-term high-fat diet and physical activity on the expression of PDK4, PGC-1α and ERRα and the amount and function of mitochondria in skeletal muscle. Methods. Insulin resistance was induced by a high-fat (HF) diet for…
Composition of mosses, their metabolites and environmental stress impacts
2018
Sūnas ir nozīmīga augu grupa ar plašu izplatību. Sūnu sastāva pētījumi ir kļuvuši aktuāli, ņemot vērā bioloģiski aktīvu savienojumu klātbūtni un augsto izturību pret vides apstākļu mainību. Promocijas darba mērķis ir analizēt sūnu sastāvu, to metabolītus un vides stresa ietekmes uz tiem. Veikta sūnu sekundāro metabolītu ekstrakcijas apstākļu izpēte, kas nodrošina liela skaita vielu identifikāciju. Sūnu lipīdi satur daudzas bioloģiski aktīvas vielas un veikta to aktivitātes izpēte. Sūnu sekundārie metabolīti uzrāda augstu antimikrobiālo aktivitāti un spējas inhibēt vairāku vēža šūnu līniju attīstību un līdz ar to satur perspektīvas vielu grupas izmantošanai biomedicīnā. Vides stresa ietekmes…