Search results for "Lipolysis"
showing 10 items of 49 documents
Time course of changes in serum glucose, insulin, lipids and tissue lipase activities in macrosomic offspring of rats with streptozotocin-induced dia…
1999
The aim of this investigation was to determine the time course of changes in serum glucose, insulin and lipid levels, as well as lipid and protein content and lipolytic activities in insulin target organs (liver, adipose tissue and muscle), in macrosomic offspring of streptozotocin-induced mildly hyperglycaemic rats. Food intake and nutritional efficiency were also evaluated. Mild hyperglycaemia in pregnant rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg body weight) on day 5 of gestation. Control pregnant rats were injected with citrate buffer. At birth, macrosomic pups (birth weight > 1.7 S.D. greater than the mean value for the control pups) had higher serum …
The effects of cold and glucagon on lipolysis, glycogenolysis and oxygen consumption in young chicks.
1973
Abstract 1. 1. To study the possible role of glucagon in avian thermoregulation the effects of cold exposure and glucagon on lipolysis, glycogenolysis and oxygen consumption were measured in young chicks. 2. 2. Cold exposure (+10°C) and glucagon injection (0·3 mg/kg, i.p. at +30°C) both caused a marked increase in the plasma FFA and a decrease in the liver glycogen content. 3. 3. It is suggested that glucagon possibly acts in the avian thermoregulation by producing at least lipolysis and glycogenolysis during cold exposure.
Upregulation of liver VLDL receptor and FAT/CD36 expressions in LDLR-/- apoB100/100 mice fed trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid
2006
International audience; This study explores the mechanisms responsible for the fatty liver setup in mice fed trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA), hypothesizing that an induction of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression is associated with lipid accumulation. To this end, the effects of t10c12 CLA treatment on lipid parameters, serum lipoproteins, and expression of liver lipid receptors were measured in LDLR(-/-) apoB(100/100) mice as a model of human familial hypercholesterolemia itself depleted of LDLR. Mice were fed t10c12 CLA over 2 or 4 weeks. We first observed that the treatment induced liver steatosis, even in the absence of LDLR. Mice treated for 2 weeks…
Nutritional, chemical, syneresis, sensory properties, and shelf life of Iranian traditional yoghurts during storage
2019
Tuluq and Torba yoghurts are traditional concentrates from Iran. Physicochemical, nutritional, and sensory properties of these yoghurts were studied along 60 days of storage. Results showed that, both pH and percentage of free whey decreased significantly (P < 0.05), while titratable acidity, total solid, salt, protein and fat content increased (P < 0.05) during storage. The yoghurt lipolysis decreased during the first 30 days and then increased during the storage. The indexes pH 4.6-soluble nitrogen/total nitrogen and non-protein nitrogen/total nitrogen in yoghurt samples decreased during first 30 days, possibly due to removing of low molecular weight nitrogenous compounds of Tuluq and Tor…
NT3/TrkC pathway modulates the expression of UCP-1 and adipocyte size in human and murine adipose tissue
2020
ABSTRACTNT3, through activation of its tropomyosin-related kinase receptor C (TrkC), modulates neuronal survival and neural stem cell differentiation. It is widely distributed in peripheral tissues (specially vessels and pancreas) and this ubiquitous pattern suggests a role for NT3, outside the nervous system and related to metabolic functions. The presence of the NT3/TrkC pathway in the adipose tissue (AT) has never been investigated. Present work studies in human and murine adipose tissue (AT) the presence of elements of the NT3/TrkC pathway and its role on lipolysis and adipocyte differentiation. qRT-PCR and immunoblot indicate that NT3 was present in human retroperitoneal AT and decreas…
Lipolysis in isolated epididymal adipocytes from genetically obese Zucker rat treated with 3,5,3'-L-triiodothyronine.
1990
Abstract. Glycerol released by isolated epididymal adipocytes was measured in 6-8 weeks old genetically obese (fa/fa) and lean (C.c.a/-) male Zucker rats, ip treated or not treated with T3 (0.46, 2.3 and 4.6 nmol/100 g in a single injection or 4.6 nmol · (100 g)−1 · day−1 for 5 days). In the non-treated rats, lipolysis was less stimulated by adrenalin or isoproterenol in obese than in lean rats, whereas it was stimulated by theophylline up to the same level in both kinds of rats. A single injection of the T3 (highest dose) increased isoproterenol-induced lipolysis in the lean but not in the obese rats. The 5-day T3 treatment caused a stimulation of the adrenalin- or isoproterenol-induced li…
Role of adipose tissue cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) on lipolysis and consequences on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in mice
2017
Role of adipose tissue cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) on lipolysis and consequences on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in miceObesity is accompanied with lipolysis deregulation responsible for excessive Free Fatty Acid (FFA) release, which are key actors in the implementation of peripheral insulin resistance. In parallel, it is now well established that obesity is associated with EndoCannabinoid System (ECS) activity dysfunction in several metabolic tissues. If it is well described that overactivation of this system in the Adipose Tissue (AT) is favourable to its expansion, the consequences on lipolysis remain to be elucidated.The main objective of this thesis work was to precise the role …
Rat Plasma VLDL Composition and Concentration and Hepatic Lipase and Lipoprotein Lipase Activities Are Impaired during Two Types of Protein Malnutrit…
1995
The relationships between VLDL concentrations and composition and changes in hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase activities were determined in rats, during the consumption of two low protein diets (2% casein or 5% gluten) (protein malnutrition) for 28 d, followed by the refeeding of a balanced diet for 14 d (15% casein) (refeeding). A control group was fed 15% casein for 42 d. In the control group, total lipolytic activity increased with age (r = 0.83, P < 0.001), whereas in both depleted groups, this activity remained low and stable throughout the period of protein malnutrition. At d 28 of protein malnutrition, plasma total lipolytic activities were significantly reduced in both depleted…
The neural feedback loop between the brain and adipose tissues
2009
Communication également publiée dans le livre "Adipose tissue development: from animal models to clinical conditions" (ISBN 978-3-8055-9450-9) de C. Levy-Marchal et L. Pénicaud (eds); There are more and more data supporting the importance of nervous regulation of both white and brown adipose tissue mass. This short paper will review the different physiological parameters which are regulated such as metabolism (lipolysis and thermogeneis), secretory activity (leptin and other adipokines) but also to plasticity of adipose tissues (proliferation differentiation and apoptosis). The sensory innervation of white adipose issue and its putative role will be also described. Altogether these results …
Polymorphisms in endothelin system genes, arsenic levels and obesity risk.
2015
Background/objectivesObesity has been linked to morbidity and mortality through increased risk for many chronic diseases. Endothelin (EDN) system has been related to endothelial function but it can be involved in lipid metabolism regulation: Receptor type A (EDNRA) activates lipolysis in adipocytes, the two endothelin receptors mediate arsenic-stimulated adipocyte dysfunction, and endothelin system can regulate adiposity by modulating adiponectin activity in different situations and, therefore, influence obesity development. The aim of the present study was to analyze if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EDN system could be associated with human obesity.Subjects/methodsWe analyz…