Search results for "Liver cell"

Ultra-long-distance running and the liver.

1990

During an ultra-long-distance race (1000 km in 20 days) the influence of running was examined on the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl-transferase (GGT), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) with regard to their release from the liver cells or their induction. Furthermore the liver synthetic capacity was assayed by measuring the enzyme activity of cholinesterase and the concentration of serum albumin during the race. Of the 110 participants, 55 finished the race and only the results of these runners were used in our study. AP increased continuously from day 0 (mean = 102 U/L) to day 19 (mean = 120 U/L). A fivefo…

Phenprocoumon-induced liver disease ranges from mild acute hepatitis to (sub-) acute liver failure

2003

Abstract Background/Aims Except for bleeding complications, other serious adverse reactions of coumarin anticoagulants such as hepatotoxicity or skin necrosis are comparatively rare. Nonetheless, a small number of coumarin-induced (sub-) acute liver failures has been published. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of patients treated for liver disease between 1992 and 2002 at our department to evaluate the incidence, clinical findings and histopathology of coumarin-induced hepatotoxicity. Results The retrospective analysis revealed eight cases of phenprocoumon-induced hepatotoxicity, including three cases of (sub-) acute liver failure which resulted in two orthotopic liver transpl…

Characterization of an epithelial, nearly diploid liver cell strain, from Chinese hamster, able to activate promutagens

1987

Epithelial liver cells of the Chinese hamster (CHEL cells) were propagated in culture for 35 passages. At favourable cell densities, the population doubling time in normal medium, was 20 h. L-Tyrosine amino transferase activity was retained at a measurable level, but its enhancement by dexamethasone was detected solely in cells of early passages. Pyruvate kinase was strongly activated by fructose-1,6-biphosphate at low substrate concentrations. These enzymatic properties suggest that the CHEL cells are derived from a sub-population of parenchymal hepatocytes or from cells closely related to parenchymal hepatocytes. With a lag period of a few hours, CHEL cultures metabolized benzo[a]pyrene. …

Gallenr�ckflu� und Leberzelle

1966

Clonal analysis of human T lymphocytes infiltrating the liver in chronic active hepatitis B and primary biliary cirrhosis

1988

Human T lymphocytes infiltrating the liver in chronic active hepatitis B (CAH-B) and primary biliary cirrhosis were isolated from liver biopsy cores, cloned by limiting dilution technique and expanded in vitro. Phenotypic and functional analysis demonstrates that this tissue infiltrate represents a heterogeneous cell population. However, when compared to peripheral blood lymphocytes of the same patients, a marked enrichment for T8+ cytotoxic T cells was found to exist at a local site in both types of chronic liver disease. These data provide support for the notion that liver cell injury in CAH-B and PBC may be mediated by a common immunologic mechanism likely executed by cells of the T line…

Murine liver antigen presenting cells control suppressor activity of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells.

2005

CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) are important mediators of peripheral immune tolerance; however, whether Treg participate also in hepatic immune tolerance is not clear. Therefore, we tested the potential of Treg to suppress stimulation of CD4(+) T cells by liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC), Kupffer cells (KC), or hepatocytes. In the absence of Treg, all 3 types of liver cells could stimulate CD4(+) T cell proliferation; in the presence of Treg, however, CD4(+) T cell proliferation was suppressed. Interaction with KC even stimulated the expansion of the Treg population; LSEC or hepatocytes, in contrast, could not induce proliferation of Treg. Because liver inflammation can be…

Malignant transformation of the liver tumour precursor cell line OC/CDE 22 by the four stereoisomeric fjord region 3,4-dihydrodiol 1,2-epoxides of be…

1995

In previous work we established the rat liver oval cell line OC/CDE 22 in order to study in vitro mechanisms of liver cell transformation. We have now exposed OC/CDE 22 cells to each of the four optically active fjord region dihydrodiol epoxides of benzo[c]phenanthrene to investigate their capacity for malignant transformation of liver cells. All four configurational isomers, which are among the most potent carcinogenic metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons tested in murine tumour models, malignantly transform OC/CDE 22 cells at a 2 microM dose level, resulting in a similar colony-forming efficiency in soft agar. Inoculation of the transformed cells into newborn syngeneic rats pro…

The Peroxisome Proliferator WY-14,643 Promotes Hepatocarcinogenesis Caused by Endogenously Generated Oxidative DNA Base Modifications in Repair-Defic…

2007

Abstract Basal levels of endogenously generated oxidative DNA modifications such as 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) are present in apparently all mammalian cells, but their relevance for the generation of spontaneous cancers remains to be established. Both the 8-oxoG levels and the resulting spontaneous mutations are increased in the livers of Csbm/m/Ogg1−/− mice, which are deficient in the repair of 8-oxoG. In order to determine the consequences of these additional oxidative DNA modifications and mutations and thus assess the tumor initiating potency of this type of endogenous DNA damage, we treated Csbm/m/Ogg1−/− mice and repair-proficient controls with the peroxisome proliferator WY-14…

Next-Generation Genomic Profiling of Hepatocellular Adenomas: A New Era of Individualized Patient Care

2014

Hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) are clinically relevant benign liver lesions that commonly occur in women on hormonal contraceptives. In this issue of Cancer Cell, Pilati and colleagues present an integrative multi-“omics”-based analysis of HCA and identify recurrent genetic alterations associated with adenoma-carcinoma transition and new drugable targets.

Sensitivity of liver metabolism in jerboa (Jaculus orientalis) to ciprofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator.

2009

International audience; Ciprofibrate is a well-known drug used to normalize lipid parameters and fibrinogen in atherosclerosis patients. In laboratory rodents such as rats or mice, ciprofibrate exhibits peroxisome proliferator activity. However, to date, no clear alterations or side effects caused by ciprofibrate have been noted in humans. In order to further investigate such possible relationships, we studied the effects of sustained ciprofibrate treatment in jerboas (Jaculus orientalis). In these rodents, ciprofibrate does not induce hepatomegaly or promote liver cell DNA replication, confirming that this species more closely resembles humans than do rats or mice. The jerboas were treated…