Search results for "MACRO"
showing 10 items of 3471 documents
Territorial Gap and Territorial Distribution of Public Investments in Italy
2021
The problem of regional imbalances is a central issue in the cohesion policy debate in Europe. This paper verifies whether the territorial dynamics of in-vestment (and especially of public investment) in Italy has satisfied the principle of territorial rebalancing between the Central-Northern areas and the “Mezzogiorno” regions. The empirical evidence produced by the analy-sis of the flows of capital expenditure of investments, using the data of the territorial public accounts system, shows that the territorial gaps in recent years have widened, penalizing the regions of the South. It is necessary to think of a differential dynamic in the overall territorial flows of invest-ments in order t…
Efectos de las tareas de elaboración de resúmenes en el control de la comprensión de textos científicos en estudiantes universitarios con niveles de …
2012
Two studies were conducted to improve Spanish university student's comprehension monitoring of macro-ideas when reading expository Science texts in English (L2). The first one evaluated the effects of using summarization tasks on comprehension monitoring compared to other reading-for-understanding tasks. A significant improvement of comprehension monitoring was obtained from the summarization tasks. Results in study 1 suggested study 2 aimed at instructing students on summarizing texts in L2. The instructional work had a single significant contribution to students’ comprehension monitoring on the macro-structural level. English proficiency also explained a significant proportion of the vari…
LAAE-14, a new in vitro inhibitor of intracellular calcium mobilization, modulates acute and chronic inflammation.
2003
Abstract A new lipidic acid-amido ether derivative (LAAE-14) able to reduce dose-dependently the calcium increases mediated either by calcium ionophore ionomycin, by the endoplasmic reticular Ca 2+ -ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin, or by the chemotactic tripeptide N -formyl- l -methionyl- l -leucyl- l -phenylalanine (fMLP), in human neutrophils as well as in murine peritoneal macrophages, but not ATP, has been evaluated as a potential anti-inflammatory drug. This compound attenuated leukocyte activation by means of its inhibitory effect on the respiratory burst elicited in both types of cells by 12- O -tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate, by inhibition of the degranulation process induced by cyt…
Going beyond: Users’ experiences of helping professionals
2014
Background: Establishing a working alliance has been found to be of great importance for the outcome of professional interventions for people diagnosed with severe mental illnesses. Aim: The aim of ...
Chitosan Functionalized with Carboxyl Groups as a Recyclable Biomaterial for the Adsorption of Cu (II) and Zn (II) Ions in Aqueous Media
2022
The modification of chitosan represents a challenging task in obtaining biopolymeric materials with enhanced removal capacity for heavy metals. In the present work, the adsorption characteristics of chitosan modified with carboxyl groups (CTS-CAA) towards copper (II) and zinc (II) ions have been tested. The efficacy of the synthesis of CTS-CAA has been evaluated by studying various properties of the modified chitosan. Specifically, the functionalized chitosan has been characterized by using several techniques, including thermal analyses (differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry), spectroscopies (FT-IR, XRD), elemental analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The kinetics an…
One step grafting of monomethoxy poly(ethylenglycol) during synthesis of maghemite nanoparticles in aqueous medium
2008
Abstract Grafting of silanated monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (m-PEG) onto maghemite nanoparticles surface in aqueous medium through one step procedure was investigated. The major characteristic of this work is that the grafting of m-PEG was produced during the synthesis of maghemite nanoparticles. The maghemite nanoparticles were characterized by photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), zeta potential measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The spinel structure of maghemite nanoparticles was verified and successful grafting of m-PEG was evid…
Glucosylation of Rho proteins by Clostridium difficile toxin B.
1995
TOXIN A and B, the major virulence factors of Clostridium difficile, are the causative agents of antibiotic-associated pseudomembran-ous colitis. In cultured cell lines their potent cytotoxicity results from their ability to induce disaggregation of the microfilament cytoskeleton1,2. Toxin B acts on the low-molecular-mass GTPase Rho A3,4, which is involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. We report here that toxin B catalyses the incorporation of up to one mole of glucose per mole of RhoA at the amino acid thre-onine at position 37. The modification was identified and localized by tandem electrospray mass spectrometry. UDP-glucose selectively serves as cosubstrate for the monogl…
Ras, Rap, and Rac Small GTP-binding Proteins Are Targets for Clostridium sordellii Lethal Toxin Glucosylation
1996
Lethal toxin (LT) from Clostridium sordellii is one of the high molecular mass clostridial cytotoxins. On cultured cells, it causes a rounding of cell bodies and a disruption of actin stress fibers. We demonstrate that LT is a glucosyltransferase that uses UDP-Glc as a cofactor to covalently modify 21-kDa proteins both in vitro and in vivo. LT glucosylates Ras, Rap, and Rac. In Ras, threonine at position 35 was identified as the target amino acid glucosylated by LT. Other related members of the Ras GTPase superfamily, including RhoA, Cdc42, and Rab6, were not modified by LT. Incubation of serum-starved Swiss 3T3 cells with LT prevents the epidermal growth factor-induced phosphorylation of m…
Discovery and validation of small-molecule heat-shock protein 90 inhibitors through multimodality molecular imaging in living subjects.
2012
Up-regulation of the folding machinery of the heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) chaperone protein is crucial for cancer progression. The two Hsp90 isoforms (α and β) play different roles in response to chemotherapy. To identify isoform-selective inhibitors of Hsp90(α/β)/cochaperone p23 interactions, we developed a dual-luciferase (Renilla and Firefly) reporter system for high-throughput screening (HTS) and monitoring the efficacy of Hsp90 inhibitors in cell culture and live mice. HTS of a 30,176 small-molecule chemical library in cell culture identified a compound, N -(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)-2-[4-(thiophen-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-ylthio]acetamide (CP9), that binds to Hsp90(α/β) an…
Inhibition of in vitro macrophage-induced low density lipoprotein oxidation by thyroid compounds
2003
Oxidized low density lipoproteins (LDL) are highly suspected of initiating the atherosclerosis process. Thyroid hormones and structural analogues have been reported to protect LDL from lipid peroxidation induced by Cu2+ or the free radical generator 2,2'-azobis-'2-amidinopropane' dihydrochloride in vitro. We have examined the effects of thyroid compounds on macrophage-induced LDL oxidation. Human monocyte-derived macrophages (differentiated U937 cells) were incubated for 24 h with LDL and different concentrations (0-20 microM) of 3,5,3'-triiodo-l -thyronine (T3), 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodo-L-thyronine (T4), 3,3',5'-tri-iodo-l -thyronine (rT3), the T3 acetic derivative (3,5,3'-tri-iodothyroacetic a…