Search results for "METASTASIS"

The Role of GSK-3 in Cancer Immunotherapy: GSK-3 Inhibitors as a New Frontier in Cancer Treatment

2020

The serine/threonine kinase glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) was initially identified because of its key role in the regulation of glycogen synthesis. However, it is now well-established that GSK-3 performs critical functions in many cellular processes, such as apoptosis, tumor growth, cell invasion, and metastasis. Aberrant GSK-3 activity has been associated with many human diseases, including cancer, highlighting its potential therapeutic relevance as a target for anticancer therapy. Recently, newly emerging data have demonstrated the pivotal role of GSK-3 in the anticancer immune response. In the last few years, many GSK-3 inhibitors have been developed, and some are currently being te…

The oral melanoma: atypical immunophenotype in the metastatic area.Melanoma Res. 2008 Feb;18(1):70-2.

2008

Estudio del papel de la EMT y las vías de control inmunológico en las micrometástasis moleculares detectadas en ganglio centinela de pacientes con ca…

2021

En los últimos años se ha incrementado el uso de técnicas de biología molecular para mejorar el diagnóstico y conocer mejor la etiología del CP (cáncer pulmonar), debido a que la posibilidad de padecerlo ha sido definida como la interrelación entre la exposición a carcinógenos ambientales y la susceptibilidad individual determinada genéticamente (D’Amico et al., 1999). Dicha susceptibilidad genética es la que resulta determinante para entender por qué, siendo el tabaco responsable de más del 90% de los CP en el hombre y del 80% en la mujer, sólo un 11-12% de los fumadores desarrollan un cáncer (Kratz et al., 2012). Sin embargo, comprender qué factores genéticos determinan una mayor propensi…

Tertiary lymphoid structures in pulmonary metastases of microsatellite stable colorectal cancer

2023

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are ectopic lymphoid aggregates located at sites of chronic inflammation and recognized as prognosticators in several cancers. We aimed to analyse the prognostic effect of TLSs in colorectal cancer (CRC) pulmonary metastases and primary tumours, with a comparison to the CD3+ and CD8+ cell density-based immune cell score (ICS). For TLS density and TLS maximum diameter analysis, 67 pulmonary metastases and 63 primary tumours were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. For ICS scoring and analysis, CD3 and CD8 immunohistochemistry was performed. Excellent interobserver agreement was achieved in all TLS measurements. Of all patients, 36 patients had low TLS den…

Potential Roles of Muscle-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Remodeling Cellular Microenvironment: Proposed Implications of the Exercise-Induced Myoki…

2021

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key players of intercellular communication and mediate crosstalk between tissues. Metastatic tumors release tumorigenic EVs, capable of pre-conditioning distal sites for organotropic metastasis. Growing evidence identifies muscle cell-derived EVs and myokines as potent mediators of cellular differentiation, proliferation, and metabolism. Muscle-derived EVs cargo myokines and other biological modulators like microRNAs, cytokines, chemokines, and prostaglandins hence, are likely to modulate the remodeling of niches in vital sites, such as liver and adipose tissues. Despite the scarcity of evidence to support a direct relationship between muscle-EVs…

ShRNA-mediated knock-down of CXCL8 inhibits tumor growth in colorectal liver metastasis.

2018

CXCL8 belongs to proinflammatory chemokines that are predominantly involved in neutrophil chemotaxis and degranulation. Several studies have suggested that secretion of CXCL8 from cancer cells have a profound effect on tumor microenvironment. In this study, in continuation to our previous work of understanding the global picture of invasion related genes in colorectal liver metastases, we clearly show an up-regulation of CXCL8 expression in the tumor cells at the invasion front as compared to the tumor cells in the inner parts of the tumor. Furthermore, ShRNA mediated down-regulation of CXCL8 resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation, viability and invasion in vitro and a near complete g…

Functional characterization of osteosarcoma cell lines provides representative models to study the human disease

2011

Cancer cell lines represent in vitro models for studying malignancies, general cell biology, drug discovery and more. Whether they can be considered as exact representative models of the parental tumors remains uncertain given the acquisition of additional ex vivo changes of the cells and the lack of tissue architecture and stroma. Previously, within the EuroBoNeT consortium, we characterized a collection of bone sarcoma cell lines on genomic and proteomic level. Here, we address the phenotypical and functional characterization of the unique set of osteosarcoma cell lines (n=19) in vitro and in vivo. For functional analysis of differentiation capacity, cells were stimulated towards osteobla…

Genetic profile and immunohistochemical study of clear cell renal carcinoma: Pathological-anatomical correlation and prognosis.

2021

Abstract Introduction Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 2–3% of all tumors being the most frequent solid lesion in the kidney. Objective To determine what genetic alterations and immunohistochemical (IHC) of clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) are associated with prognosis and tumor aggressiveness. Patients and Methods Experimental analytical study with 57 patients who underwent radical and partial nephrectomy between 2005 and 2011, all with diagnosis of ccRCC and minimum post-operative follow-up of 36 months. The pathological study included IHC determination of biomarkers associated (CAIX, CAM 5.2, CD10, c-erbB-2, EGFR, HIF-1a, Ki67, MDM2, PAX-2 y 8, p53, survivin and VEGFR 1 and 2). …

Heterogeneity within and between primary colorectal carcinomas and matched metastases as revealed by analysis of Ki-ras and p53 mutations

2004

Analysis of the genetic status of Ki-ras and p53 in primary colorectal carcinomas and matched colorectal liver metastasis from 30 patients reveals an overall heterogeneity both within and between the two tumoral tissues. Both genes were found mutated with a similar frequency in both tissues; however, identical mutations in primary tumor and matched metastasis were found less frequently in the case of the Ki-ras than the p53 gene. Only in three cases the same p53 and Ki-ras mutations found in the primary tumor were found also in the metastasis. In several metastatic specimens the DNA bearing a mutation detected also in the primary tumor appears significantly less abundant than the wild-type …

The Palliative Care in the Metastatic Spinal Tumors. A Systematic Review on the Radiotherapy and Surgical Perspective

2022

Spine represents the most common site for metastatic disease involvement. Due to the close relationship between the spinal cord and critical structures, therapeutic management of spinal metastases remains challenging. Spinal localization can lead to neurological sequelae, which can significantly affect the quality of life in patients with a limited life expectancy. The authors conducted a systematic literature review according to PRISMA guidelines in order to determine the impact of the most updated palliative care on spinal metastases. The initial literature search retrieved 2526 articles, manually screened based on detailed exclusion criteria. Finally, 65 studies met the inclusion criteri…