Search results for "MICE"
showing 10 items of 6027 documents
VEGF receptor signaling links inflammation and tumorigenesis in colitis-associated cancer.
2010
Inflammation drives expression of VEGFR2, which is expressed on and drives growth of tumor cells in colitis-associated cancer.
Integrin-dependent and -independent functions of astrocytic fibronectin in retinal angiogenesis
2011
Fibronectin (FN) is a major component of the extracellular matrix and functions in cell adhesion, cell spreading and cell migration. In the retina, FN is transiently expressed and assembled on astrocytes (ACs), which guide sprouting tip cells and deposit a provisional matrix for sprouting angiogenesis. The precise function of FN in retinal angiogenesis is largely unknown. Using genetic tools, we show that astrocytes are the major source of cellular FN during angiogenesis in the mouse retina. Deletion of astrocytic FN reduces radial endothelial migration during vascular plexus formation in a gene dose-dependent manner. This effect correlates with reduced VEGF receptor 2 and PI3K/AKT signalli…
Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase extracellular signal-related kinase in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas after irradiation as par…
2010
Background. Irradiation plays a pivotal role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment. However, especially recurrent tumors frequently show increased radioresistance. We analyzed irradiation-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways to define cellular rescue mechanisms. Methods. Irradiated HNSCC cells were screened for MAPK activation and results were confirmed and refined by functional analyses. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor U0126 application enabled us to specify postradiogenic cellu- lar responses. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were analyzed additionally. Results. We observed a pronounced and time-de…
Molecular imaging of VEGF in gastrointestinal cancer in vivo using confocal laser endomicroscopy
2010
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a therapeutic target in gastrointestinal cancer (GiC). However, its in vivo visualisation could not be achieved to date with endoscopic techniques. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is a novel imaging technique for gastrointestinal endoscopy providing in vivo microscopy at subcellular resolution. The aim of the study was to evaluate CLE for in vivo molecular imaging of VEGF in GiC.Molecular imaging of tumours in APCmin mice, in xenograft models and in surgical specimens of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) was achieved after application of labelled antibodies. The tumour sites were scanned with the probe for the strongest specific fluoresce…
Scaffold vascularization in vivo driven by primary human osteoblasts in concert with host inflammatory cells.
2011
Successful cell-based tissue engineering requires a rapid and thorough vascularization in order to ensure long-term implant survival and tissue integration. The vascularization of a scaffold is a complex process, and is modulated by the presence of transplanted cells, exogenous and endogenous signaling proteins, and the host tissue reaction, among other influencing factors. This paper presents evidence for the significance of pre-seeded osteoblasts for the in vivo vascularization of a biodegradable scaffold. Human osteoblasts, cultured on silk fibroin micronets in vitro, migrated throughout the interconnected pores of the scaffold and produced extensive bone matrix. When these constructs we…
Tbx1 regulates Vegfr3 and is required for lymphatic vessel development
2010
Defects in lymphangiogenesis are added to the broad clinical manifestations of DiGeorge syndrome, caused by deletion of the T box transcription factor Tbx1.
Microphthalmia, persistent hyperplastic hyaloid vasculature and lens anomalies following overexpression of VEGF-A188 from the αA-crystallin promoter
2007
Purpose During growth of the embryonic eye, dose- and site-specific expression of heparin-binding growth factors is critical for the formation of an appropriate vascular supply. Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A188 (VEGF-A188), a strongly heparin-binding, endothelial-specific mitogen, leads to severe disturbance of vascular and overall ocular morphology. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of VEGF-A188 overexpression on growth of ocular tissue components. Methods Stereological and immunohistochemical methods were employed to identify the vascular profiles, ocular tissue proportions, and cell types in VEGF-A188 transgenic mice and compare them with wild-type mice. R…
Dopamine agonist administration causes a reduction in endometrial implants through modulation of angiogenesis in experimentally induced endometriosis
2009
Survival of newly implanted retrograde-shed endometrial tissue during menstruation in an ectopic location requires an adequate blood supply. This suggests that angiogenesis is a prerequisite for the development of endometriosis and that its inhibition may be a target for preventing development. Previous studies have shown that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a heparin-binding glycoprotein, has an essential role in angiogenesis. The main regulatory factor for angiogenesis appears to be binding of VEGF to its type-2 receptor (VEGFR-2). Cabergoline (Cb2) and other dopamine agonists promote endocytosis of the VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) in endothelial cells, thereby preventing VEGF-VEG…
Obesity and intermittent hypoxia increase tumor growth in a mouse model of sleep apnea.
2012
Background: Intermittent hypoxia and obesity which are two pathological conditions commonly found in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), potentially enhance cancer progression. Objective: To investigate whether obesity and/or intermittent hypoxia (IH) mimicking OSA affect tumor growth. Methods: A subcutaneous melanoma was induced in 40 mice [22 obese (40–45 g) and 18 lean (20–25 g)] by injecting 106 B16F10 cells in the flank. Nineteen mice (10 obese/9 lean) were subjected to IH (6 h/day for 17 days). A group of 21 mice (12 obese/9 lean) were kept under normoxia. At day 17, tumors were excised, weighed and processed to quantify necrosis and endothelial expression of vascular endothe…
Priming with a combination of proangiogenic growth factors improves wound healing in normoglycemic mice
2011
Growth factors and/or angiogenic factors are supposed to improve wound healing. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of subcutaneous pretreatment with combinatory proangiogenic factors on wound closure, mechan - ical properties, vessel density and morphology. Twenty-eight Balb/c mice were divided equally into two groups. A mixture of VEGF (35.0 µg), bFGF (2.5 µg) and P dGF (3.5 µg) was administered subcutaneously 3, 5 and 7 days to 14 mice before full thickness skin punch biopsy wounding, whereas 14 control animals received three injections of 0.2 ml saline solution. Wound sizes were assessed daily and the repaired tissues were harvested 7 days after complete wound closure. Comp…