Search results for "Magnetics"

showing 10 items of 201 documents

Static magnetic fields generated by a 0.5T MRI unit affects in vitro expression of activation markers and interleukin release in human peripheral blo…

2001

To investigate the effects of the static magnetic field (SMF) generated by a 0.5 T superconducting MRI unit on in vitro activation marker expression and interleukin release in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples from healthy volunteers.PBMC samples were split into two groups: exposed and sham-exposed under isothermal conditions. PBMC were exposed for 2 h at 24 degrees C to the SMF of a 0.5 T superconducting MRI unit. Immediately after exposure, both samples were cultured for 24 h at 37 degrees C with or without mitogenic stimulation by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). PBMC were examined for expression of CD25, CD69 and CD71 by immunofluorescence analysis and supernatants were a…

AdultMalechemical and pharmacologic phenomenaBiologyLymphocyte ActivationImmunofluorescencePeripheral blood mononuclear cellBlood cellInterferon-gammaMagneticsAntigens CDmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingIL-2 receptorPhytohemagglutininsCells CulturedPhytohaemagglutininRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_testCD69Interleukinhemic and immune systemsMagnetic Resonance ImagingMolecular biologyStimulation ChemicalIn vitromedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologyLeukocytes Mononuclearbiology.proteinFemaleInterleukin-4BiomarkersInternational Journal of Radiation Biology
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Specific forms of neural activity associated with tactile space awareness

2002

Left tactile extinction, in which a left tactile stimulus fails to access consciousness only when a right stimulus is presented simultaneously, offers a model for studying tactile awareness from its transitory absence. Pairs of transcranial magnetic stimuli (TMS) on the parietal cortex inhibit contralateral tactile perception when separated by an interval of 1 ms. We have applied this technique on the left parietal cortex of right brain damaged (RBD) patients and normal subjects and have shown a selective lack of paired TMS inhibitory effects on right tactile perception of patients during bimanual stimulation. TMS effects were normal during unimanual right stimulation. These results suggest…

AdultMalegenetic structuresPosterior parietal cortexStimulationBrain damageStimulus (physiology)Synaptic TransmissionFunctional LateralityLateralization of brain functionExtinction PsychologicalHypesthesiaPerceptual DisordersMagneticsEvoked Potentials SomatosensoryParietal LobePhysical StimulationReaction TimemedicineHumansAttentionAgedAged 80 and overGeneral NeuroscienceParietal lobeNeural InhibitionMiddle AgedTactile perceptionElectric StimulationTouchBrain InjuriesSpace PerceptionFemalemedicine.symptomPsychologyNeurosciencePsychomotor PerformanceElectrical brain stimulationCognitive psychologyNeuroreport
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Functional relevance of cross-modal plasticity in blind humans

1997

Functional imaging studies of people who were blind from an early age have revealed that their primary visual cortex can be activated by Braille reading and other tactile discrimination tasks1. Other studies have also shown that visual cortical areas can be activated by somatosensory input in blind subjects but not those with sight2,3,4,5,6,7. The significance of this cross-modal plasticity is unclear, however, as it is not known whether the visual cortex can process somatosensory information in a functionally relevant way. To address this issue, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation to disrupt the function of different cortical areas in people who were blind from an early age as they i…

AdultMalegenetic structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentBlindsightBlindnessSomatosensory systemMagneticsEvoked Potentials SomatosensoryCortex (anatomy)medicineHumansVisual PathwaysVisual CortexNeuronal PlasticityMultidisciplinaryTactile discriminationMiddle AgedCross modal plasticityTranscranial magnetic stimulationmedicine.anatomical_structureVisual cortexReadingTouchBrain stimulationSensory AidsFemaleOccipital LobePsychologyNeuroscienceNature
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Magnetic stimulation study in patients with myotonic dystrophy

1997

To further define motor nervous system alterations in myotonic dystrophy (MD), motor potentials to transcranial and cervical magnetic stimulation (MEPs) were recorded from the right abductor pollicis brevis muscle in 10 patients with MD and in 10 healthy controls. Cortical and cervical latencies, central motor conduction time (CMCT), stimulus threshold intensity and cortical MEP amplitudes expressed both as absolute values and as %M were analysed. MEP cervical latency, absolute or relative amplitude and excitability threshold did not significantly differ in patients and controls. The mean cortical motor latency and CMCT were significantly prolonged in MD patients with respect to normal subj…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentStimulationStimulus (physiology)Myotonic dystrophyMagneticsInternal medicineMotor systemmedicineHumansMyotonic Dystrophybusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceMiddle AgedNeurophysiologyEvoked Potentials MotorMyotoniamedicine.diseasemedicine.anatomical_structureMotor delayCardiologyFemaleNeurology (clinical)businessNeuroscienceMotor cortexElectroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control
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Central motor conduction time by magnetic stimulation of the cortex and peripheral nerve conduction follow-up studies in Friedreich's ataxia.

1998

A follow-up clinical study, peripheral motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities and central motor conduction by magnetic stimulation of the cortex were performed in 13 patients with classical Friedreich's ataxia (FA) phenotype, for a period of 9-12 years. Clinical worsening was unrelated to peripheral nerve abnormalities. The amplitude of the nerve action potentials and delayed conduction velocity remained unchanged for several years. Central motor conduction times were abnormal in all patients. Clinical conditions worsened significantly between successive examinations with significant increments in threshold and significant decrement of the amplitude of motor evoked potentials. The re…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAtaxiaAdolescentNeural ConductionMotor nerveElectromyographyNerve conduction velocityMagneticsSural NerveTrinucleotide RepeatsInternal medicineCerebellumPhysical StimulationReaction TimeMedicineHumansNeurons AfferentPeripheral NervesChildMuscle SkeletalNeural ConductionMotor Neuronsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryElectromyographyGeneral NeurosciencePyramidal CellsMotor CortexMiddle AgedMedian Nervemedicine.anatomical_structureFriedreich AtaxiaPeripheral nervous systemCardiologyDisease ProgressionFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomH-reflexbusinessNeuroscienceSensory nerveFollow-Up StudiesElectroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology
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Hypo-excitability of cortical areas in patients affected by Friedreich ataxia: A TMS study

2005

The aim of the study was to explore excitability of a motor and a non-motor (visual) area in patients affected by Friedreich ataxia and to correlate neurophysiological data with clinical parameters. Seven patients (3M/4F) and ten healthy controls (5M/5F) participated in the study. The hot-spot for activation of right abductor pollicis brevis was checked by means of a figure-of-eight coil and the motor threshold (MT) on this point was recorded. The phosphene threshold (PT) was measured by means of a focal coil over the occipital cortex as the lower intensity of magnetic stimulation able to induce the perception of phosphenes. The patients showed a significantly higher mean PT (p<.03) and MT …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCerebellumAtaxiaAdolescentPhosphenesCentral nervous system diseaseMagneticsCortical excitability TMS Cerebellum Friedreich ataxia Visual cortex Motor cortex Hypo-excitabilityInternal medicineSensory thresholdCortex (anatomy)medicineHumansVisual CortexBrain MappingMotor Cortexmedicine.diseaseElectric StimulationSurgerymedicine.anatomical_structurePhospheneVisual cortexNeurologyFriedreich AtaxiaSensory ThresholdsCardiologyFemaleNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomTrinucleotide Repeat ExpansionPsychologyMotor cortexJournal of the Neurological Sciences
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No short-term effects of digital mobile radio telephone on the awake human electroencephalogram

1997

A recent study reported the results of an exploratory study of alterations of the quantitative sleep profile due to the effects of a digital mobile radio telephone. Rapid eye movement (REM) was suppressed, and the spectral power density in the 8–13 Hz frequency range during REM sleep was altered. The aim of the present study was to illuminate the influence of digital mobile radio telephone on the awake electroencephalogram (EEG) of healthy subjects. For this purpose, we investigated 34 male subjects in a single-blind cross-over design experiment by measuring spontaneous EEGs under closed-eyes condition from scalp positions C3 and C4 and comparing the effects of an active (0.05 mW/cm2) and a…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyRadio WavesPhysiologyComputer scienceBiophysicsAudiologyElectroencephalographyDigital mobile radioGSMmedicineHumansRadiotelephoneSingle-Blind MethodRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingWakefulnessBioelectromagneticsCross-Over Studiesmedicine.diagnostic_testEye movementElectroencephalographySignal Processing Computer-AssistedGeneral MedicineTelephoneSleep (system call)Pulse-width modulationBioelectromagnetics
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Removal of annexin V–positive sperm cells for intracytoplasmic sperm injection in ovum donation cycles does not improve reproductive outcome: a contr…

2014

Objective To determine the effect of removing presumptive apoptotic sperm cells from samples from unselected males by means of magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) on live-birth delivery rates after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in couples undergoing ovum donation (OD). Design Prospective, randomized, triple-blinded, and controlled study. Setting Private university-affiliated IVF center. Patient(s) A total of 237 infertile couples undergoing ICSI as part of an OD program. Intervention(s) Semen specimens from the control group were prepared by swim-up. Samples from the study group were prepared by swim-up followed by MACS and incubation with annexin V–conjugated microbeads to rem…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentApoptosisSemenCell SeparationFertilization in VitroPhosphatidylserinesBiologyIntracytoplasmic sperm injectionlaw.inventionAndrologyMagneticsHuman fertilizationRandomized controlled trialPregnancylawStatistical significancemedicineHumansSperm Injections IntracytoplasmicAnnexin A5Birth RateGynecologyPregnancyOocyte DonationObstetrics and Gynecologymedicine.diseaseSpermatozoaSpermConfidence intervalSperm MaturationReproductive MedicineFemaleFertility and Sterility
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Lateralized effects of self-induced sadness and happiness on corticospinal excitability.

1997

We studied the changes in excitability of the corticospinal projection evoked by self-induced sad and happy thoughts. Corticospinal excitability was probed using focal, single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to the optimal scalp position for evoking motor potentials in the contralateral first dorsal interosseus muscle. Fourteen right-handed subjects were studied while counting mentally, thinking sad thoughts, or thinking happy thoughts. In each of these three conditions TMS was applied in each subject randomly, 20 times to the right and 20 times to the left hemisphere. Sad thoughts resulted in a significant facilitation of the motor potentials evoked by left-hemispheri…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_treatmentHappinessPyramidal TractsStimulationbehavioral disciplines and activitiesLateralization of brain functionFunctional LateralityMagneticsPhysical StimulationmedicineHumansPrefrontal cortexPyramidal tractsEvoked Potentials MotorTranscranial magnetic stimulationElectrophysiologyAffectmedicine.anatomical_structureScalpCerebral hemisphereFemaleNeurology (clinical)PsychologyNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesNeurology
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Phase-specific modulation of cortical motor output during movement observation.

2001

The effects of different phases of an observed movement on the modulation of cortical motor output were studied by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). A video-clip of a reaching-grasping action was shown and single TMS pulses were delivered during its passive observation, Times of cortical stimulation were related to the phases of the shown movement, locking them to the appearance of specific kinematic landmarks. The amplitude of the motor evoked potentials (MEPs) induced by TMS in the first dorsal interosseus (FDI) muscle was modulated by the amount of the observed finger aperture. The presence of such an effect is consistent with the notion of a mirror neuron system in premo…

AdultPremotor cortexPhotic Stimulationmedicine.medical_treatmentMovementStimulationNeuropsychological TestsPremotor cortexMagneticsmedicineHumansEvoked potentialMirror neuronNeuronsHand StrengthGeneral NeuroscienceMotor CortexBody movementEvoked Potentials MotorElectric Stimulationbody regionsTranscranial magnetic stimulationElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureAcoustic StimulationMirror neuronsArmPsychologyNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesTranscranial magnetic stimulationPhotic StimulationPsychomotor PerformanceNeuroreport
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