Search results for "Malignancy"
showing 10 items of 274 documents
GSK3β as a novel promising target to overcome chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer
2021
Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive malignancy with increasing incidence and poor prognosis due to its late diagnosis and intrinsic chemoresistance. Most pancreatic cancer patients present with locally advanced or metastatic disease characterized by inherent resistance to chemotherapy. These features pose a series of therapeutic challenges and new targets are urgently needed. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) is a conserved serine/threonine kinase, which regulates key cellular processes including cell proliferation, DNA repair, cell cycle progression, signaling and metabolic pathways. GSK3β is implicated in non-malignant and malignant diseases including inflammation, neurodegenerative …
Multiple primary neoplasms in childhood: data from the German children’s cancer registry
1998
Abstract The German Children’s Cancer Registry (GCCR) has documented all malignancies during the first 15 years of life in Germany since 1980. In a series of 20 388 cancer cases to the end of 1995, 127 children with multiple primary neoplasms up to the age of 15 years were identified. The children were monitored for 82 591 person-years with a mean observation time of 4.1 years. Relative and cumulative risk for the occurrence of second malignant neoplasms were estimated only for the first 15 years of life, as follow-up data beyond childhood are incomplete and valid data on the incidence of cancer in adolescents and adults are not available in Germany. The overall standardised incidence ratio…
The role of TCF3 as potential master regulator in blastemal Wilms tumors
2018
Wilms tumors are the most common type of pediatric kidney tumors. While the overall prognosis for patients is favorable, especially tumors that exhibit a blastemal subtype after preoperative chemotherapy have a poor prognosis. For an improved risk assessment and therapy stratification, it is essential to identify the driving factors that are distinctive for this aggressive subtype. In our study, we compared gene expression profiles of 33 tumor biopsies (17 blastemal and 16 other tumors) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The analysis of this dataset using the Regulator Gene Association Enrichment algorithm successfully identified several biomarkers and associated molecular mechanisms that dist…
The sarculator stratified prognosis of patients with high-risk soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of extremities and trunk wall treated with perioperative ch…
2017
11016 Background: Patients with extremity and trunk wall STS with high malignancy grade and size larger than 5cm are considered at high risk of death, but in fact this risk varies broadly depending on histologic subtype and size. The Sarculator, a nomogram for STS, can improve prognostic assessment of these patients. This tool was evaluated for stratifying risk of distant metastasis (DM) and overall survival (OS) in a RCT investigating perioperative chemotherapy. Methods: High-risk STS patients were randomly assigned to receive either three cycles of preoperative chemotherapy with epirubicin (120 mg/m2) and ifosfamide (9 g/m2) or the same three preoperative cycles followed by two further p…
Imaging of non-glandular superficial metastases: A comparison of xeroradiography, ultrasonography and computed tomography
1989
Between January 1983 and July 1987, 1,622 cancer patients were evaluated to outline the possible applications and limits of various investigative techniques for evaluating metastases. Seventy-three cases with superficial metastases of the dermal-hypodermal (59) layers, of the muscles (11) and of other target organs (3) were included in the study. Although non-glandular superficial metastases are a relatively rare occurrence, diagnostic imaging techniques are indicated for evaluating their extent and anatomical connections. Secondary neoplasms were studied using the imaging techniques of sonography, computed tomography and xeroradiography. The diagnostic reliability of these three techniques…
Possible involvement of the IL4 gene in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia
1994
Abstract We report the results of a molecular investigation of 11 patients affected by Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, a rare B-cell malignancy characterized by an excessive proliferation of immunoglobulin(Ig)M-secreting plasmacytoid cells. In particular, we studied the interleukin-4 (IL4) gene, which codes for a B-specific growth factor capable of stimulating the proliferation and differentiation of secreting plasma cells. By Southern hybridization, in three patients we found the presence of additional bands in comparison with the expected pattern; moreover, these bands showed a different degree of intensity.
Histopathology and Classification of Renal Cell Tumors (Adenomas, Oncocytomas and Carcinomas)
1986
The term renal cell tumors (adenomas and carcinomas) subsumes the tumors deriving from the uriniferous tubule epithelium of the kidney. Precise analysis shows that the renal cell tumors display different cell types which build up the individual tumor alone or in combination with each other. Three categories of basic elements are distinguished in the characterization of renal cell tumors: Cytological elements = tumor cell types: Clear, chromophobe, chromophilic (basophilic, eosinophilic), oncocytic, spindle-shaped/pleomorphic. Histological elements = growth patterns: Compact, acinar (nest-like), tubulopapillary (tubular, papillary), cystic. Cytological grading of malignancy: G I, G II, G III…
Autoantibody Inhibitor Eradication In Acquired Hemophilia Associated with Cancer: a Retrospective Analysis
2010
Abstract Abstract 1418 Introduction: Acquired hemophilia (AH), a rare autoimmune disorder primarily of adults, is typically characterized by the presence of IgG oligoclonal antibodies to the clotting factor VIII protein (FVIII). About 10–15% of patients with AH have an underlying malignancy, but the etiologic relationship of cancer to formation of FVIII inhibitor is yet to be determined. To date, there have been no published, comprehensive reviews on the efficacy of various treatments for AH in the context of either solid tumor or hematologic malignancies. Therefore, we have systematically reviewed 86 patients with cancer-associated AH from our own cancer center and from the published liter…
Transferability of Deep Learning Algorithms for Malignancy Detection in Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy Images from Different Anatomical Locations of t…
2019
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the most common cancer type of the epithelium and is often detected at a late stage. Besides invasive diagnosis of SCC by means of biopsy and histo-pathologic assessment, Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (CLE) has emerged as noninvasive method that was successfully used to diagnose SCC in vivo. For interpretation of CLE images, however, extensive training is required, which limits its applicability and use in clinical practice of the method. To aid diagnosis of SCC in a broader scope, automatic detection methods have been proposed. This work compares two methods with regard to their applicability in a transfer learning sense, i.e. training on one tissue type (f…
OSA and cancer in Europe: the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA) experience
2017
Background: Experimental and clinical studies suggest a relationship between Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and cancer development or progression Objectives: To explore the association between the severity of OSA and prevalence of cancer among patients reported to the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA) after control of several known risk factors for cancer development Methods: A prospective multicentre cohort study of adult patients with OSA (Apnea/Hypopnea Index, AHI≥5). OSA severity was classified according to AHI, Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI) and % night-time spent with oxygen saturation Results: Of 19,556 participants, 357 (1.8%, 59.4% male) had been diagnosed with malignancy. Pati…