Search results for "Malus"

Diversità interspecifica in Malus Mill. (Rosaceae, Maloideae) della Sicilia: Malus crescimannoi

2010

Biodiversità nelle Maloideae (Rosaceae) della Sicilia

2009

Si riportano i caratteri tassonomici, l’ecologia e la distribuzione di 4 specie legnose afferenti ai generi Pyrus e Malus, recentemente descritte in Sicilia, al fine di favorirne la valorizzazione attraverso l’impiego in selvicoltura oltre che la conservazione in situ ed ex situ.

Use of a logistic model to assess spoilage by Byssochlamys fulva in clarified apple juice

2010

Abstract The percentage P (%) of spoiled bottles (n = 40) of clarified apple juice due to Byssochlamys fulva, was modeled by using a logistic model: P = P max 1 + exp ( k ( τ − t ) ) where Pmax (%) the maximum percentage of spoiled bottles, k (h− 1) a slope parameter and τ (h) the time for P = Pmax/2. Bottles of pasteurized apple juice were inoculated with B. fulva IOC 4518 ascospores for low and high initial loads, 4.8 ± 2.3 ascospores/100 mL and 19.3 ± 4.6 ascospores/100 mL respectively and incubated at 21 °C and 30 °C. Pmax was not significantly different from 100% except for a low initial load at 21 °C. Model parameters were estimated with a good accuracy, RMSE in the range 3.89–7.50. T…

Fluxapyroxad Haptens and Antibodies for Highly Sensitive Immunoanalysis of Food Samples

2017

Fluxapyroxad is a new-generation carboxamide fungicide, with residues increasingly being found in food samples. Immunochemical assays have gained acceptance in food quality control as rapid, cost-effective, sensitive, and selective methods for large sample throughput and in situ applications. In the present study, immunoreagents to fluxapyroxad were obtained for the first time, and competitive immunoassays were developed for the sensitive and specific determination of fluxapyroxad residues in food samples. Two carboxyl-functionalized analogues of fluxapyroxad were prepared, and antibodies with IC50 values in the low nanomolar range were generated from both haptens, though a dissimilar respo…

Validating an apple dry matter production model with whole canopy gas exchange measurements in the field

1999

The simplified apple dry matter production model developed by Lakso and Johnson (1990) was modified by inputing tree-specific parameters from a study of seasonal growth and gas exchange of 4-year-old Empire/M.9 apple trees, and light and temperature response curves developed for Empire apple organs. Measurements of the seasonal trend of diurnal net C02 and canopy water vapor exchange were made at intervals on three four-year-old 'Empire'/M.9 slender spindle apple trees in the orchard from 10 days after bloom until 25 days after harvest. The tree canopies were enclosed in clear plastic "balloon- type" chambers (similar to Corelli and Magnanini, 1993) that was monitored continuously for more …

Effects of partial rootzone drying and rootstock vigour on dry matter partitioning of apple trees (Malus domesticacvar Pink Lady)

2011

SUMMARYThe effects of partial rootzone drying (PRD) and rootstock vigour on dry matter accumulation and partitioning among leaves, shoots, fruits, frame and roots of apple trees (Malus domesticaBorkh. cvar Pink Lady) were investigated in 2005 near Caltavuturo, in Sicily. In a first field trial, trees on MM.106 rootstock were subjected to: conventional irrigation (CI), maintaining soil moisture above 0·80 of field capacity; PRD irrigation, where alternating sides of the rootzone received 0·50 of the CI irrigation water; and continuous deficit irrigation (DI), where 0·50 of the CI water was equally applied to both sides of the rootzone. In a second trial, trees on M.9 or MM.106 were subjected…

Cytotoxicity of oleanolic and ursolic acid derivatives toward hepatocellular carcinoma and evaluation of NF-κB involvement.

2019

Oleanolic and ursolic acids are two ubiquitous isomeric triterpene phytochemicals known for their anticancer activity. A set of derivatives of the two compounds with a modified oxidation state and lipophylicity at C-3 and C-28 positions, were prepared and tested as anticancer agents versus the lines HepG2, Hep3B and HA22T/VGH of hepatocarcinoma, a strongly aggressive tumor that is not responsive toward the standard therapies. New derivatives containing a three carbons side chain on the C-3 position were synthetized in both stereoisomeric forms by the Barbier-Grignard procedure and three of them were found to be active toward all of the three targets. The implication of the transcriptional n…

Valorization of apple peels through the study of the effects on the amyloid aggregation process of ?-casein

2021

Waste valorization represents one of the main social challenges when promoting a circular economy and environmental sustainability. Here, we evaluated the effect of the polyphenols extracted from apple peels, normally disposed of as waste, on the amyloid aggregation process of ?-casein from bovine milk, a well-used amyloidogenic model system. The effect of the apple peel extract on protein aggregation was examined using a thioflavin T fluorescence assay, Congo red binding assay, circular dichroism, light scattering, and atomic force microscopy. We found that the phenolic extract from the peel of apples of the cultivar "Fuji", cultivated in Sicily (Caltavuturo, Italy), inhibited ?-casein fib…

Survival of Erwinia amylovora in mature apple fruit calyces through the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state

2009

Aims:  Survival of Erwinia amylovora, causal agent of fire blight in pome fruits and other rosaceous plants, was monitored inside mature apples calyces under some storage conditions utilized in fruit. Methods and Results:  Apple fruit calyces inoculated with two E. amylovora strains and their respective GFP-marked strains were maintained at 26° and 5°C, and the effect of copper treatment was assayed at 0·01 and 0·1 mmol l−1 CuSO4. In nontreated apples at 26°C, part of the population of E. amylovora survived in the ‘viable but nonculturable’ (VBNC) state, whereas at 5°C the majority of the population retained culturability. In copper-treated apples, the whole population adopted the VBNC stat…

Optimization of clean-up procedure for patulin determination in apple juice and apple purees by liquid chromatography

2009

Patulin (PAT) is a mycotoxin produced in fruits, mainly in apples, by several fungal species that can be carried into industrial apple juice by-products during factory processing. An analytical method for determination of PAT in apple juice and another one for determination of this compound in apple purees and apple compotes by liquid chromatography are proposed in the present paper. These methods have better precision and sensitivity than previously reported methods and focus mainly on extraction and clean-up. To accomplish analytical methods with higher accuracy, lower limits of detection and simpler procedures for application in quality control of the goods, different extraction and clea…