Search results for "Mathematica"

HyperShell: An expert system shell in a hypermedia environment—application in medical audiology

1990

HyperShell is an expert system shell developed in a hypermedia environment. Several artificial intelligence techniques such as frames and semantic networks are used in an original interpretation to enhance the interaction between the user and the program. The typical navigation tools of hypermedia such as clickable buttons and text search are extended to the semantic structure of HyperShell, creating a set of new tools. Examples from a medical expert system (Audex HM) developed in HyperShell are described.

Graphical Models for Dependencies and Associations

1992

The role of graphical representations is described in distinguishing various special forms of independency structure that can arise with multivariate data, especially in observational studies in the social sciences. Conventions for constructing the graphs and strategies for analysing three sets of data are summarized. Finally some directions for desirable future work are outlined.

Union structure and incentives for innovation

2002

Abstract In this paper, we consider the effect of union structure on the adoption of innovation in the context of Cournot duopoly. With a market size large enough, we show that the incentive to innovate is higher under a decentralized union structure (with each firm facing its own independent union) than under an industry-wide union. However, for a small market size (or, equivalently, for sufficiently drastic potential innovation), the new technology is more likely to be adopted in the presence of a centralized union. This result goes against the conventional view that unionization harms the incentive to innovate.

Does usable research face higher obstacles within the academy?

2018

The recognition of academic research as a potential source of economic growth and social welfare has attracted the attention of both policy-makers and academics over the past decades. But emphasising the impact of research brings a new set of tensions to scientific governance processes, and raises the risk that academics who engage more with users be hindered in pursuing their research activities. In this paper, we seek to understand whether researchers that meaningfully engage with societal users in their research micro-practices face additional obstacles in their research, whether in terms of the acceptance of that research by academic communities and the absorption of that knowledge by u…

2021

Abstract New digital technologies and tools, together with evolving open physical and digital infrastructures, are remodelling science and innovation practices at universities and challenging their existing cultures, cognitive norms, missions, and policies. The purpose of this empirical study was to understand how existing and recently adopted open science practices and the underlying principles and attitudes of research teams support the advancement of knowledge and the development of actions, solutions, and technologies for sustainable development. The results of this study provide novel insights and important suggestions to guide the advancement of open science and innovation policies at…

The technological transplant

1990

Abstract This paper deals with technology transfer and conditions for successful diffusion of renewable energy technologies in developing countries. Issues such as perception of needs and resources are fully discussed, whether on mega-scale or micro-scale; that is to say, whether for a specific project or a whole country. A distinction is made between technology and the technological device, the latter being a component which is injected into a social system creating new links into the pre-existing structure; therefore, even if perfect in itself, it may not fit into the system in which it has to operate. The need for a complete analysis of the effects of the injection (or transplant) of the…

Diagnosing and measuring learning organizations

2005

PurposeTo explore and analyse various learning organizations and to attempt to outline the form of a holistic learning organization.Design/methodology/approachThe tool described in this article is a continuation of the work published in a Licentiate thesis in 1996 and developed further in a doctoral dissertation in 2001. The Learning Organization Diamond Tool is based on a holistic concept of a learning organization being regarded as a structure of related elements: driving forces, finding purpose, questioning, empowering and evaluation at two interconnected levels of individuals and the whole. Data from 686 respondents were gathered from 25 Finnish organizations in 1998.FindingsThe outcome…

Diagnostic tools for learning organizations

2001

Aims first, to develop an instrument for a holistic analysis of learning organizations; and second, to test the validity and reliability of this instrument. The framework developed was mainly influenced by the work of Mike Pedler, Tom Boydell and John Burgoyne, Peter M. Senge as well as Chris Argyris and Donald A. Schön. Analyses eight existing diagnosis tools. The Learning Organization Diamond Tool was based on a concept of a learning organization regarded as a structure of related elements. Data consisting of 691 answers were gathered from 25 Finnish organizations in 1998. After analysis the reliability of the instrument was measured with Cronbach’s alpha. Cronbach’s alphas for the elemen…

Managing Talent for Organisational Learning

2011

[EN] The phenomenon of globalisation and the intensification of change mean that firms increasingly require an internal structure that fosters the genesis and application of new knowledge. If the firm's objective is to achieve continuous learning then organisational variables and managerial purpose through talent management are essential for access to superior knowledge assets. This study takes an in-depth look at the relationship between a political phenomenon (talent management) and a natural one (organisational learning and/or knowledge creation) within a particular organisational framework. The aim is to obtain evidence of the effect of organisational variables on learning and knowledge…

Teaching particle physics to high school teachers

2017

In Norway, particle physics is part of the high school curriculum in physics which introduces the need for good university teaching in particle physics without the usual technical approach. Given how much conflicting information and inaccurate explanations there are on the subject; how should we teach this to people without much knowledge in mathematics? By carefully explaining the fundamental consepts of the theory it is fully possible to achieve an appreciation of particle physics without much mathematics. Through the use of analogies, such as an analogy between the freedom in choosing timezone and the freedom in choosing phase angle, one can introduce gauge theory and hence show the unde…