Search results for "Matrix"

showing 10 items of 3205 documents

Kinetic transport theory with quantum coherence

2008

We derive transport equations for fermions and bosons in spatially or temporally varying backgrounds with special symmetries, by use of the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. In a noninteracting theory the coherence information is shown to be encoded in new singular shells for the 2-point function. Imposing this phase space structure to the interacting theory leads to a a self-consistent equation of motion for a physcial density matrix, including coherence and a well defined collision integral. The method is applied e.g. to demonstrate how an initially coherent out-of-equlibrium state approaches equlibrium through decoherence and thermalization.

Density matrixPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsQuantum decoherenceThermal quantum field theory010308 nuclear & particles physicsEquations of motionFOS: Physical sciencesFermion01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyClassical mechanicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Quantum mechanicsPhase space0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsQuantumCoherence (physics)
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Observation of meson central production in baryon exchange processes

1991

The central production of ρ0,f2 and ρ30 mesons is observed for the first time in processes which are originated by π+p reactions proceeding via baryon exchange mechanism. The data come from the CERN WA56 experiment designed to separate the baryon exchange reactions in π+p-collisions at 20 GeV/c. We report on the measured integral and differential cross sections and also give the density matrix elements of the meson resonances observed.

Density matrixPhysicsParticle physicsLarge Hadron ColliderPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)MesonHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyNuclear TheoryNuclear physicsBaryonHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentProduction (computer science)Nuclear ExperimentEngineering (miscellaneous)Particle Physics - ExperimentZeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields
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Witnessing non-Markovian effects of quantum processes through Hilbert-Schmidt speed

2020

Non-Markovian effects can speed up the dynamics of quantum systems while the limits of the evolution time can be derived by quantifiers of quantum statistical speed. We introduce a witness for characterizing the non-Markovianity of quantum evolutions through the Hilbert-Schmidt speed (HSS), which is a special type of quantum statistical speed. This witness has the advantage of not requiring diagonalization of evolved density matrix. Its sensitivity is investigated by considering several paradigmatic instances of open quantum systems, such as one qubit subject to phase-covariant noise and Pauli channel, two independent qubits locally interacting with leaky cavities, V-type and $\Lambda $-typ…

Density matrixPhysicsQuantum PhysicsHIlbert-Schmidt speedFOS: Physical sciencesType (model theory)non-Markovianity01 natural sciencesNoise (electronics)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materia010305 fluids & plasmassymbols.namesakePauli exclusion principleOpen quantum systemQubitQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencessymbolsDissipative systemQuditQubitSensitivity (control systems)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)010306 general physicsQuantumPhysical Review A
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Landau-Zener problem in a three-level neutrino system with non-linear time dependence

2006

We consider the level-crossing problem in a three-level system with non-linearly time-varying Hamiltonian (time-dependence $t^{-3}$). We study the validity of the so-called independent crossing approximation in the Landau-Zener model by making comparison with results obtained numerically in density matrix approach. We also demonstrate the failure of the so-called "nearest zero" approximation of the Landau-Zener level-crossing probability integral.

Density matrixPhysicsQuantum PhysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics (astro-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect01 natural sciencesThree levelHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyNonlinear systemsymbols.namesakeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Quantum mechanics0103 physical sciencessymbolsZener diodeNeutrino010306 general physicsLandau–Zener formulaHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
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Phase diagram of the quarter-filled extended Hubbard model on a two-leg ladder

2000

We investigate the ground-state phase diagram of the quarter-filled Hubbard ladder with nearest-neighbor Coulomb repulsion V using the Density Matrix Renormalization Group technique. The ground-state is homogeneous at small V, a ``checkerboard'' charge--ordered insulator at large V and not too small on-site Coulomb repulsion U, and is phase-separated for moderate or large V and small U. The zero-temperature transition between the homogeneous and the charge-ordered phase is found to be second order. In both the homogeneous and the charge-ordered phases the existence of a spin gap mainly depends on the ratio of interchain to intrachain hopping. In the second part of the paper, we construct an…

Density matrixPhysicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Hubbard modelCondensed matter physicsFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSpin chainsymbols.namesakeCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsHomogeneous0103 physical sciencessymbolsStrongly correlated materialCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyGround stateHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Phase diagram
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Analytical O(αs) corrections to the beam frame double-spin density matrix elements of e+e−→tt¯

2016

We provide analytical results for the $O({\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s})$ corrections to the double-spin density matrix elements in the reaction ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}t\overline{t}$. These concern the elements $ll$, $lt$, $ln$, $tt$, $tn$, and $nn$ of the double-spin density matrix elements where $l$, $t$, $n$ stand for longitudinal, transverse and normal orientations with respect to the beam frame spanned by the electron and the top quark momentum.

Density matrixPhysicsTop quark010308 nuclear & particles physicsElectron–positron annihilationHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyElectron01 natural sciencesMomentumMatrix (mathematics)Transverse plane0103 physical sciencesAtomic physics010306 general physicsBeam (structure)Physical Review D
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Stripe formation in doped Hubbard ladders

2004

We investigate the formation of stripes in $7\chunks \times 6$ Hubbard ladders with $4\chunks$ holes doped away from half filling using the density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method. A parallelized code allows us to keep enough density-matrix eigenstates (up to $m=8000$) and to study sufficiently large systems (with up to $7\chunks = 21$ rungs) to extrapolate the stripe amplitude to the limits of vanishing DMRG truncation error and infinitely long ladders. Our work gives strong evidence that stripes exist in the ground state for strong coupling ($U=12t$) but that the structures found in the hole density at weaker coupling ($U=3t$) are an artifact of the DMRG approach.

Density matrixPhysicsTruncation errorHubbard modelCondensed matter physicsStrongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)Density matrix renormalization groupFOS: Physical sciencesRenormalization groupCondensed Matter PhysicsCoupling (probability)Electronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCondensed Matter - Strongly Correlated ElectronsQuantum mechanicsStrongly correlated materialCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsGround state
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Time-dependent Landauer-Büttiker formula: Application to transient dynamics in graphene nanoribbons

2014

In this work we develop a time-dependent extension of the Landauer-B\"uttiker approach to study transient dynamics in time-dependent quantum transport through molecular junctions. A key feature of the approach is that it provides a closed integral expression for the time-dependence of the density matrix of the molecular junction after switch-on of a bias or gate potential which can be evaluated without the necessity of propagating individual single-particle orbitals. This allows for the study of time-dependent transport in large molecular systems coupled to wide band leads. As an application of the formalism we study the transient dynamics of zigzag and armchair graphene nanoribbons of diff…

Density matrixPhysicsta114Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed matter physicsOscillationFermi levelCondensed Matter PhysicsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica della MateriaElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsDensity wave theorysymbols.namesakeZigzagAtomic orbitalBallistic conductionsymbolsGraphene nanoribbonsPhysical Review B
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Heisenberg Uncertainty Relation in Quantum Liouville Equation

2009

We consider the quantum Liouville equation and give a characterization of the solutions which satisfy the Heisenberg uncertainty relation. We analyze three cases. Initially we consider a particular solution of the quantum Liouville equation: the Wigner transformf(x,v,t) of a generic solutionψ(x;t) of the Schrödinger equation. We give a representation ofψ(x,t) by the Hermite functions. We show that the values of the variances ofxandvcalculated by using the Wigner functionf(x,v,t) coincide, respectively, with the variances of position operatorX^and conjugate momentum operatorP^obtained using the wave functionψ(x,t). Then we consider the Fourier transform of the density matrixρ(z,y,t) =ψ∗(z,t)…

Density matrixQuantum Liouville EquationSettore FIS/02 - Fisica Teorica Modelli E Metodi MatematiciUncertainty principleArticle SubjectOperator (physics)lcsh:MathematicsMathematical analysisPosition operatorCanonical coordinatesFunction (mathematics)lcsh:QA1-939Wigner transformsymbols.namesakeMathematics (miscellaneous)Fourier transformsymbolsWigner distribution functionHeisenberg Uncertainty RelationMathematicsInternational Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences
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Evolution of a Non-Hermitian Quantum Single-Molecule Junction at Constant Temperature

2021

This work concerns the theoretical description of the quantum dynamics of molecular junctions with thermal fluctuations and probability losses. To this end, we propose a theory for describing non-Hermitian quantum systems embedded in constant-temperature environments. Along the lines discussed in [A. Sergi et al., Symmetry 10 518 (2018)], we adopt the operator-valued Wigner formulation of quantum mechanics (wherein the density matrix depends on the points of the Wigner phase space associated to the system) and derive a non-linear equation of motion. Moreover, we introduce a model for a non-Hermitian quantum single-molecule junction (nHQSMJ). In this model the leads are mapped to a tunneling…

Density matrixQuantum dynamicsmolecular junction; non-Hermitian quantum mechanics; open quantum system dynamics; quantum thermodynamics; Quantum Physics; Quantum Physics; 80M99 81-08 81-10 81P99General Physics and AstronomyFOS: Physical scienceslcsh:Astrophysics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesArticle81-1003.67.PpQuantum stateQuantum mechanicslcsh:QB460-4660103 physical sciences80M9931.15.xglcsh:Science010306 general physicsQuantum thermodynamicsQuantumnon-Hermitian quantum mechanicsQuantum tunnelling05.30.-dPhysicsQuantum PhysicsOperator (physics)80M99 81-08 81-10 81P9981-08021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyopen quantum system dynamicslcsh:QC1-99981P99Phase space05.60.Ggquantum thermodynamicslcsh:Q0210 nano-technologyQuantum Physics (quant-ph)molecular junctionlcsh:Physics02.60.Cb
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