Search results for "Melanoma"
showing 10 items of 650 documents
Extrafacial Lentigo Maligna: A Report on 14 Cases and a Review of the Literature
2016
Lentigo maligna is the most common form of in situ melanoma. It is most often found on the head and neck, and its clinical and dermoscopic features in this location have been extensively described in the literature. We present a series of 14 patients diagnosed with extrafacial lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma at Hospital General de Valencia and Hospital de Manacor in Spain, and describe the clinical, dermoscopic, and histologic features observed. Most of the melanomas were located on the upper limbs; the next most common locations were the trunk and the lower limbs. The dermoscopic patterns were consistent with facial lentigo maligna and superficial spreading melanoma. Extrafaci…
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients With Melanoma
2010
Abstract Introduction and objectives The incidence of melanoma is currently increasing worldwide. One of the factors influencing disease prognosis is the presence of regional lymph node metastases. Sentinel lymph node biopsy attempts to identify subclinical lymph node metastasis as a prognostic factor in the disease. The aim of this study was to analyze differences between patients with melanoma for whom positive or negative results were obtained in sentinel lymph node biopsy and to assess the impact of the technique on disease prognosis. Material and methods Sentinel lymph node biopsy was carried out in patients with melanoma of the following characteristics: Breslow thickness ≥1mm, Breslo…
Evaluation of Skin Melanoma in Spectral Range 450-950 nm Using Principal Component Analysis
2013
Diagnostic potential of principal component analysis (PCA) of multi-spectral imaging data in the wavelength range 450-950 nm for distant skin melanoma recognition is discussed. Processing of the measured clinical data by means of PCA resulted in clear separation between malignant melanomas and pigmented nevi.
Pharmacological Characterization of Loss of Function Mutations of the Human Melanocortin 1 Receptor That Are Associated with Red Hair
2004
Variation in skin color is the major host risk factor for melanoma and other forms of skin cancer. Individuals with red hair show an increased ratio of phaeomelanin to eumelanin in both hair and skin. This ratio is regulated by the melanocortin (MC) 1 receptor. There are several common point mutations in the human MC1 receptor that are overrepresented in North European red-heads, and in individuals with pale skin. In order to determine the functional significance of these mutations, we expressed the Asp84Glu, Val92Met, Arg163Gln, and Asp294His variants of the human MC1 receptors in eukaryotic cells and determined their ability to bind alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) peptides and …
A radiomics evaluation of 2D and 3D MRI texture features to classify brain metastases from lung cancer and melanoma
2017
[EN] Brain metastases are occasionally detected before diagnosing their primary site of origin. In these cases, simple visual examination of medical images of the metastases is not enough to identify the primary cancer, so an extensive evaluation is needed. To avoid this procedure, a radiomics approach on magnetic resonance (MR) images of the metastatic lesions is proposed to classify two of the most frequent origins (lung cancer and melanoma). In this study, 50 T1-weighted MR images of brain metastases from 30 patients were analyzed: 27 of lung cancer and 23 of melanoma origin. A total of 43 statistical texture features were extracted from the segmented lesions in 2D and 3D. Five predictiv…
Clinical and histopathological study of the oral multifocal melanoacanthoma : a case report
2019
Melanoacanthoma is a blackened mucocutaneous lesion, mainly affecting individuals with dark skin and exhibiting rapid development. Differential diagnosis includes nevus, amalgam tattoo and melanoma. This article reports a case of a 53-year-old white woman, who exhibited multiple blackened lesions on the gingiva and upper lip. After incisional biopsy, the presence of numerous melanin-containing dendritic cells distributed throughout the epithelial thickness, which were S-100 (+), were observed microscopically. Final diagnosis was multifocal oral melanoacanthoma. Follow-up for 28 months has shown appearing of more lesions in gingiva and upper lip. Therefore, the importance of differential dia…
Functional reconstruction after subtotal glossectomy in the surgical treatment of an uncommon and aggressive neoplasm in this location: primary malig…
2014
Primary malignant melanoma of the oral cavity is a rare neoplasm, especially on the tongue. We report a case of mucosal melanoma at the base of the tongue, an extremely rare location (only about 30 cases have been reported in literature). The extension study doesn´t revealed distant metastatic lesions. The patient was treated by subtotal glossectomy and bilateral functional neck dissection. Tongue is one of the most difficult structures to reconstruct, because of their central role in phonation, swallowing and airway protection. The defect was reconstructed with anterolateral thigh free flap. Surgical treatment was supplemented with adjuvant immunotherapy. The post-operative period was unev…
Melanoma of the oral mucosa with cerebral metastasis: a clinical case
2005
Summary Oral melanoma (OM) is an infrequent neoplasia making up less than 1% of all melanomas, and which exhibits a much more aggressive behaviour than those found on the skin. We present a case of OM located on the hard palate, vestibular alveolar gingiva of the maxilla, and upper lip in a 75-year-old patient who developed a distant metastasis on the left parietal lobe. The advanced stage of the disease contraindicated any surgical intervention and it was decided to carry out palliative radiotherapy, but the patient died before treatment.
Tongue metastasis of cutaneous melanoma: Report of two cases and literature review
2018
Introduction Malignant metastases to the oral cavity are rare and metastatic melanomas of the tongue are considered exceptionally uncommon, with less than 10 cases published in the English literature so far. Case reports Two female patients in the 7th decade of life presented to our dental service with nodules in the tongue. Both patients had multiple metastases at the time of oral diagnosis and primary melanoma originated on the skin. An intra-oral incisional biopsy was performed under local anesthesia and the histopathologic analysis was characterized by the proliferation of atypical epithelioid cells displaying a poorly delimited cytoplasm and hyperchromatic nucleus which contained eosin…
The basis, technique and indication for cryosurgery in tumours of the oral cavity and face
1975
The fundamentals of clinical application of crysurgery with very deep freezing of tissues is based on the necrotising effect of extreme cooling. The freezing of extracellular and intracellular free fluid leads to irreversible cell damage, because of a shift of electrolyte concentration to toxic values, and a direct lesion of internal cellular structures. The lesion due to cold occurs as a clear demarcation from the healthy surrounding, almost completely painlessness, and rapid healing without complication. For clinical application in the head and neck, there are cooling instruments fitted with specially shaped, exchangeable probe heads. Convincing results were achieved in the cryosurgical t…