Search results for "Melanomas"
showing 10 items of 10 documents
A Brief Synopsis on Scalp Melanoma
2020
Melanoma constitutes one of the most sinister and troublesome malignancies encountered by humanity. Generally, the diagnosis of advanced melanoma connotes a grave prognosis, prompting a sense of looming threat of death, however, the early-stage detected disease responds well to robust treatment resulting in reasonable survivorship. Scalp melanomas are even more troublesome, because they typically exhibit more aggressive biologic behavior and are often diagnosed at a late stage. This review tries to comprehensively highlight the various diagnostic, therapeutic, and outcome aspects of scalp melanomas. The literature research includes peer-reviewed articles (clinical trials or scientific revie…
Screening for distress in routine oncological care-a survey in 520 melanoma patients.
2012
Introduction Despite the increasing incidence of melanoma little is known about patients' emotional distress associated with this disease. Supplemented by the problem list (PL), the distress thermometer (DT) is a recommended screening instrument to measure psychosocial distress in cancer patients. Our objective was to explore the acceptance and the feasibility of the DT and PL as a concise screening tool in an ambulatory setting for routine care and to elucidate determinants of distress in melanoma patients with regard to sociodemographic and clinical variables. Methods Consecutive melanoma outpatients were asked to complete the DT with the PL prior to their scheduled consultation. Demograp…
Pacientu dzīvildze pēc ādas melanomas radikālas ķirurģiskas ārstēšanas
2015
Tēmas aktualitāte: Sakarā ar ādas onkoloģisko saslimšanas gadījumu pieaugumu Latvijā, tai skaitā melanomas, tiek pievērsta uzmanība ādas veselībai, ādas jaunveidojumu savlaicīgai diagnostikai, un protams ārstēšanai, kas lielā mērā nosaka pacienta dzīvildzi. Ļaundabīga melanoma ir viena no biežākajām ar nāvi saistītajām slimībām. Darba mērķis: Izvērtēt un izvēlēties melanomas ārstēšanas taktiku, un noteikt melanomas dzīvildzi pēc tās. Materiāli un metodes: Aprakstošs, retrospektīvs pētījums. Pētījuma tika iekļauti 111 pacienti ar ļaundabīgu ādas melanomu, kuri tika ārstēti Latvijas Onkoloģijas centrā un kuriem tika veikta melanomas radikāla ķirurģiska ārstēšana laika posmā no 01.01.2009 līdz…
Willingness to pay for a cure of low-risk melanoma patients in Germany
2018
Malignant melanoma is potentially life-threatening but in most cases curable if detected early. Willingness to pay (WTP) is a preference-based construct that reflects burden of disease by assessment of the monetary value for a hypothetical cure from disease. Since WTP (directly as total amount of money) has not been assessed so far in patients with low risk melanoma, it was interesting to gain insights in this patient population and then, in a second step, compare it directly with the WTP of their treating dermato-oncologists. WTP was assessed in 125 patients with low-risk melanoma and additionally in 105 treating physicians, asking for the one-time and continuous payments they would be wil…
Melanomas eksomu sekvenēšana ģenētisko marķieru identificēšanai
2017
Melanoma ir ļaundabīgs audzējs, kas attīstās melanocītu nekontrolētas dalīšanās rezultātā. Melanomas attīstībā liela loma ir gan indivīda ģenētiskajiem un fenotipiskajiem, gan apkārtējās vides faktoriem. Tieši pēdējos gados, pateicoties jaunākas paaudzes sekvenēšanas attīstībai, atklāti daudzi jauni melanomas attīstībā iesaistīti gēni, kas nodrošinājis ievērojami detalizētāku ieskatu melanomas ģenētikā un tās veidošanās procesos. Bakalaura darba mērķis bija identificēt jaunus ar melanomas attīstību saistītus ģenētiskos marķierus. Mērķa realizēšanai 11 melanomas pacientu asiņu un audzēju audu DNS paraugiem tika veikta eksomu sekvenēšana, izmantojot Illumina sekvenēšanas metodi. Tika veikta n…
Melanoma-Nevus Discrimination Based on Image Statistics in Few Spectral Channels
2016
The purpose of this paper is to offer a method for discrimination of cutaneous melanoma from benign nevus, founded on analysis of skin lesion image. At the core of method is calculation of mean and standard deviation of pixel optical density values for a few narrow spectral bands. Calculated values are compared with discriminating thresholds derived from a set of images of benign nevi and melanomas with known diagnosis. Classification is done applying weighted majority rule to results of thresholding. Verification against the available multispectral images of 32 melanomas and 94 benign nevi has shown that the method using three spectral bands provided zero false negative and four false posi…
Differential modulation and prognostic values of immune-escape genes in uveal melanoma
2019
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular cancer in adults. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the immunological features of primary UM cancer and to provide an association with prognostic markers and outcome. Also, we assessed the influence of the microenvironment on the expression of inhibitory immune checkpoints in UM. Genes of interest included MHC Class I and Class II molecules, as well as inhibitory immune-checkpoints, i.e. PDL1, PDL2, B7-H3, B7-H4, TBFRSF6B, CD47, CD155, GAL9, HVEM and CD200. We observed significant lower levels of MHC genes in UM cells as compared to normal uveal melanocytes. Unexpectedly however, the expression levels of most of the ana…
Characterization of Human γδ T Lymphocytes Infiltrating Primary Malignant Melanomas
2012
T lymphocytes are often induced naturally in melanoma patients and infiltrate tumors. Given that gamma delta T cells mediate antigen-specific killing of tumor cells, we studied the representation and the in vitro cytokine production and cytotoxic activity of tumor infiltrating gamma delta T cells from 74 patients with primary melanoma. We found that gamma delta T cells represent the major lymphocyte population infiltrating melanoma, and both V delta 1(+) and V delta 2(+) cells are involved. The majority of melanoma-infiltrating gamma delta cells showed effector memory and terminally-differentiated phenotypes and, accordingly, polyclonal gamma delta T cell lines obtained from tumor-infiltrat…
Diferenciācijas indukcijas izpēte pēc BRAF un mTOR inhibitoru apstrādes BRAF mutētās ādas melanomas šūnās
2022
Darba mērķis bija padziļināti izpētīt BRAF inhibīcijas un sekojoši kombinētās BRAF un mTOR inhiibīcijas ietkemi uz metastātiskās BRAF mutēās melanomas šūnu līnijas SKMel28 šūnu ciklu, dzīvotspēju un inducēto atgriezensiko epitelilālo diferenciāciju. Ar advancētām mikroskopijas un šūnu analīzes metodēm tika apskatīti šos procesus iespējami ietkmējošie mehānismi. BRAF inhibīcija ar Vemurafenib rezultējās melanomas šūnu epiteliālā diferenciācijā un G1 arestā. Kombinētā BRAF un mTOR inhibīcija šūnās pagarināja šūnu diferencētā fenotipa stadiju, kas norāda uz iespējamu PI3K ceļa iesaisti SKMel28 šūnu augšanas un proliferācijas procesos. Lai arī pēc kombinētās BRAF-mTOR inhibīcijas diferencētais …
Skewed Differentiation of Circulating Vγ9Vδ2 T Lymphocytes in Melanoma and Impact on Clinical Outcome
2016
OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to evaluate over time circulating γδ T lymphocytes in melanoma patients in terms of frequency, effector functions, and relationship with clinical stage and evolution, by comparing preoperative values to those obtained at a mean follow-up of 36 months or in the event of recurrence or disease progression, and to those of healthy controls. Also, we correlated the presence of tumor-infiltrating γδ T lymphocytes with clinical evolution of melanoma. RESULTS:Mean frequencies of circulating γδ T cells before and after melanoma removal were very similar and comparable to healthy subjects, but patients who progressed to stage III or IV showed a significantly decrea…