Search results for "Microscopy."

showing 10 items of 3331 documents

Retrograde transport of sodium selenite and intracellular injection of micro-ruby: a combined method to describe the morphology of zinc-rich neurones.

2003

Abstract Zinc is found in synaptic vesicles in a large number of glutamatergic systems. Its involvement in neurotransmission and neurological disorders has been suggested. There are methods for tracing these circuits, but they do not fill the dendritic tree. In this study, extracellular selenite injections in vivo were combined with intracellular injection of fluorochromes in fixed tissue to reveal the morphology of these zinc-rich neurones. Intraperitoneal and intracerebral injections of sodium selenite alone or intracerebral injections of selenite combined with bisbenzimide were made in the visual cortex of the rat in order to locate the somata of zinc-rich neurones. After 24 h of retrogr…

BisbenzimideMaleSilver StainingBiotinCell CountNeurotransmissionBiologySynaptic vesicleRats Inbred WKYchemistry.chemical_compoundSodium SeleniteBiocytinNeural PathwaysExtracellularAnimalsRats WistarVisual CortexNeuronsLucifer yellowMicroscopy ConfocalRhodaminesGeneral NeuroscienceDrug Administration RoutesLysineDextransSomatosensory CortexIontophoresisIsoquinolinesRatsNeuroanatomyZincnervous systemchemistryBiochemistryAxoplasmic transportBiophysicsInjections JetExtracellular SpaceIntracellularInjections IntraperitonealJournal of neuroscience methods
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A Robust Generic Method for Grid Detection in White Light Microscopy Malassez Blade Images in the Context of Cell Counting

2015

AbstractIn biology, cell counting is a primary measurement and it is usually performed manually using hemocytometers such as Malassez blades. This work is tedious and can be automated using image processing. An algorithm based on Fourier transform filtering and the Hough transform was developed for Malassez blade grid extraction. This facilitates cell segmentation and counting within the grid. For the present work, a set of 137 images with high variability was processed. Grids were accurately detected in 98% of these images.

Blade (geometry)Computer scienceMalassezImage processingContext (language use)Saccharomyces cerevisiaeHough transformlaw.inventionSet (abstract data type)symbols.namesakeOpticslawimage analysisMicroscopy[ INFO.INFO-TI ] Computer Science [cs]/Image ProcessingImage Processing Computer-AssistedComputer visionInstrumentationcell segmentationMicroscopybusiness.industrymorphological mathematicsGridFourier transformHough transform[INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV]symbolsFourier transformArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithms
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Structural and functional characterization of enamel pigmentation in shrews.

2013

Pigmented tooth enamel occurs in several vertebrate clades, ranging from mammals to fish. Although an iron compound is associated with this orange to red colored pigmentation, its chemical and structural organization within the enamel is unknown. To determine the nature of the iron compound, we investigated heavily pigmented teeth of the northern short-tailed shrew Blarina brevicauda using combined characterization techniques such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. We found that the pigmentation of the enamel with an iron content of around 8wt% results from a close to amorphous magnetite phase deposited around the nm-sized enamel crystals. Fu…

Blarina brevicaudaMineralogychemistry.chemical_compoundstomatognathic systemMicroscopy Electron TransmissionX-Ray DiffractionStructural BiologyHardnessbiology.animalElastic ModulusmedicineAnimalsDental EnamelMagnetiteEnamel paintbiologyChemistryPigmentationPhotoelectron SpectroscopyShrewsShrewNanoindentationTooth enamelbiology.organism_classificationFerrosoferric Oxidestomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureTransmission electron microscopyvisual_artIron contentDentinvisual_art.visual_art_mediumBiophysicsJournal of structural biology
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The dynamics of structural modifications of mitochondria at the early stages of sea urchin embryonic development

1992

The organization of the chondriome and the ultrastructure of mitochondria have been studied in eggs and embryos of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. The egg chondriome is characterized by an arrangement in well-delimited clusters. Analysis of mitochondrial clusters on electron micrographs of ultrathin serial sections shows two kinds of mitochondria of different shapes, the rod-shaped and the spherical. The egg mitochondria have a dense matrix and a well-ordered arrangement of cristae which, in rod-shaped variety, are perpendicular to the major axis. Cell division is accompanied by significant changes in intracellular distribution of mitochondria and in their structure. At the stage of 2…

BlastomeresEmbryo NonmammalianbiologyCell divisionEmbryonic DevelopmentGastrulaCell BiologyAnatomyMitochondrionMatrix (biology)biology.organism_classificationBlastulaParacentrotus lividusMitochondriaGastrulationMicroscopy ElectronBlastocystSea Urchinsbiology.animalembryonic structuresUltrastructureBiophysicsAnimalsSea urchinCell Biology International Reports
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Hydrogen Peroxide Diffusion through Enamel and Dentin

2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro diffusion of commercial bleaching products (hydrogen peroxide (HP) or carbamide peroxide (CP) based) with different application protocols. Human enamel-dentin discs were obtained and divided into 20 groups. Four commercial products based on HP (Pola Office+(PO), Perfect Bleach (PB), Norblanc Office-automix (NO), and Boost (BT)), and one based on CP (PolaDay CP (PD)), were evaluated with different application protocols (3 applications &times

BleachDiffusionhydrogen peroxide02 engineering and technologyengineering.materialapplication timelcsh:TechnologyFluorescence spectroscopyArticle03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDentinmedicineGeneral Materials Sciencelcsh:MicroscopyHydrogen peroxidelcsh:QC120-168.85lcsh:QH201-278.5Enamel paintlcsh:Tcarbamide peroxidePulp (paper)dental bleachingdiffusion030206 dentistryBuffer solution021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistrylcsh:TA1-2040visual_artengineeringvisual_art.visual_art_mediumlcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicslcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)0210 nano-technologylcsh:TK1-9971light activationNuclear chemistryMaterials
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Vinblastine-induced autophagocytosis: effects on liver glycogen

1983

The possible similarities of the mechanism by which vinblastine induces autophagocytosis in liver were compared with the known effects of glucagon in glucagon-induced autophagocytosis. A single intraperitoneal injection of vinblastine produced a wave of autophagocytosis in less than 0.5 h in mouse hepatocytes. Liver glycogen content decreases simultaneously and blood glucose first increased and then decreased below control values. Both liver cAMP concentration and the activity of glycogen phosphorylase remained unchanged. These findings provide evidence that the induction of autophagocytosis after vinblastine injection is not mediated by cAMP. The increased degradation of glycogen may occur…

Blood GlucoseMaleendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyPhosphorylasesAutophagocytosismedicine.medical_treatmentIntraperitoneal injectionBiophysicsBiologyVinblastineBiochemistryGlucagonMicechemistry.chemical_compoundPhagocytosisStructural BiologycAMPInternal medicineAutophagyCyclic AMPGeneticsmedicineAnimalsMolecular BiologyGlycogendigestive oral and skin physiologyVinoblastineCell BiologyVinblastineMicroscopy ElectronEndocrinologyLiverchemistryGlycogenhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsmedicine.drugFEBS Letters
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Evidence for a dysfunction and disease-promoting role of the circadian clock in the diabetic retina.

2021

Diabetic retinopathy is a major complication of chronic hyperglycemia and a leading cause of blindness in developed countries. In the present study the interaction between diabetes and retinal clocks was investigated in mice. It was seen that in the db/db mouse - a widely used animal model of diabetic retinopathy - clock function and circadian regulation of gene expression was disturbed in the retina. Remarkably, elimination of clock function by Bmal1-deficiency mitigates the progression of pathophysiology of the diabetic retina. Thus high-fat diet was seen to induce histopathology and molecular markers associated with diabetic retinopathy in wild type but not in Bmal1-deficient mice. The d…

Blood GlucoseMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCircadian clockCLOCK ProteinsDiseaseChronobiology DisordersPathogenesisCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineCircadian ClocksRNA Ribosomal 18SMedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerRetinaDiabetic Retinopathybusiness.industryGlyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate DehydrogenasesRetinalDiabetic retinopathymedicine.diseaseSensory SystemsPathophysiologyCircadian RhythmMice Inbred C57BLOphthalmologyDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologychemistryMicroscopy FluorescenceFemalebusinessExperimental eye research
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Properties of erythrocyte light refraction in diabetic patients.

2001

Since hyperglycaemia changes the erythrocyte cell membrane fluidity and impairs cell deformity, our goal was to characterize hemoglobin and red blood cell (RBC) light refractive property changes in diabetic patients. Microscopic investigation was carried out on intact and fixed RBCs. To determine the refractive index (RI): smears of peripheral blood were air dried and fixed for 3 min in methanol. Mixtures of polyvinylpyrolidine and buffer of different pH (1:1) were used as embedding media. Intact RBCs were mixed with a buffered embedding medium, placed on a slide and overlaid with a coverslip. Interference microscopy was used for RI measurements at 18 different pH (pH=2-13). The results sho…

Blood GlucoseOptics and PhotonicsErythrocytesLightBiomedical EngineeringIn Vitro TechniquesBiomaterialsOpticsmedicineDiabetes MellitusHumansScattering RadiationMicroscopy InterferenceChromatographyChemistrybusiness.industryHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationRefractionAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPeripheral bloodElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsRed blood cellmedicine.anatomical_structureCase-Control StudiesHyperglycemiaHemoglobinMicroscopy PolarizationbusinessJournal of biomedical optics
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Blood flow patterns spatially associated with platelet aggregates in murine colitis.

2009

In the normal murine mucosal plexus, blood flow is generally smooth and continuous. In inflammatory conditions, such as chemically-induced murine colitis, the mucosal plexus demonstrates markedly abnormal flow patterns. The inflamed mucosal plexus is associated with widely variable blood flow velocity as well as discontinuous and even bidirectional flow. To investigate the mechanisms responsible for these blood flow patterns, we used intravital microscopic examination of blood flow within the murine mucosal plexus during dextran sodium sulphate-and trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis. The blood flow patterns within the mucosal plexus demonstrated flow exclusion in 18% of the vessel…

Blood PlateletsPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyHistologyPlatelet AggregationInterleukin-1betaBiologyArticleMicrocirculationchemistry.chemical_compoundMiceIntestinal mucosamedicineAnimalsPlateletColitisIntestinal MucosaEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPlexusMice Inbred BALB CGene Expression ProfilingMicrocirculationDextran SulfateBlood flowmedicine.diseaseColitisMice Inbred C57BLDextranchemistryTrinitrobenzenesulfonic AcidRegional Blood FlowAcute DiseaseEndothelium VascularAnatomyChemokinesIntravital microscopyBiotechnologyAnatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
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Rapid formation of plasma protein corona critically affects nanoparticle pathophysiology

2013

In biological fluids, proteins bind to the surface of nanoparticles to form a coating known as the protein corona, which can critically affect the interaction of the nanoparticles with living systems. As physiological systems are highly dynamic, it is important to obtain a time-resolved knowledge of protein-corona formation, development and biological relevancy. Here we show that label-free snapshot proteomics can be used to obtain quantitative time-resolved profiles of human plasma coronas formed on silica and polystyrene nanoparticles of various size and surface functionalization. Complex time- and nanoparticle-specific coronas, which comprise almost 300 different proteins, were found to …

Blood Plateletsendocrine systemBiomedical EngineeringNanoparticleBioengineeringProtein CoronaNanotechnologyProteomicsCell Lineprotein coronaThrombocyte activationHumansGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringParticle SizeMicroscopy ConfocalCell DeathChemistrynanoparticleComputational BiologyEndothelial CellsBlood ProteinsCondensed Matter PhysicsHaemolysisSilicon DioxideBlood proteinsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMicrovesselsBiophysicsSurface modificationNanoparticlesPolystyrenesParticle sizeBiologie
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