Search results for "Models"

showing 10 items of 8211 documents

Half-width plots, a simple tool to predict peak shape, reveal column kinetics and characterise chromatographic columns in liquid chromatography: Stat…

2013

Peak profiles in chromatography are characterised by their height, position, width and asymmetry; the two latter depend on the values of the left and right peak half-widths. Simple correlations have been found between the peak half-widths and the retention times. The representation of such correlations has been called half-width plots. For isocratic elution, the plots are parabolic, although often, the parabolas can be approximated to straight-lines. The plots can be obtained with the half-widths/retention time data for a set of solutes experiencing the same kinetics, eluted with a mobile phase at fixed or varying composition. When the analysed solutes experience different resistance to mas…

Peak profiles in chromatography are characterised by their height position width and asymmetry; the two latter depend on the values of the left and right peak half-widths. Simple correlations have been found between the peak half-widths and the retention times. The representation of such correlations has been called half-width plots. For isocratic elution the plots are parabolic although often the parabolas can be approximated to straight-lines. The plots can be obtained with the half-widths/retention time data for a set of solutes experiencing the same kinetics eluted with a mobile phase at fixed or varying composition. When the analysed solutes experience different resistance to mass transfer the plots will be solute dependent and should be obtained with the data for each solute eluted with mobile phases at varying composition. The half-width plots approach is a simple tool that facilitates the prediction of peak shape (width and asymmetry) with optimisation purposes reveal the interaction kinetics of solutes in different columns and characterise chromatographic columns. This work shows half-width plots for different situations in isocratic elution including the use of different flows the effect of temperature the modification of the stationary phase surface by an additive the existence of specific interactions within the column and the comparison of columns. The adaptation to gradient elution is also described. Previous knowledge on half-width plots is structured and analysed to which new results are added.Work (thermodynamics)Column characterisationmedia_common.quotation_subjectKineticsLiquid chromatographyAnalytical chemistryHalf-widthsInteraction kineticsBiochemistryAsymmetryAnalytical ChemistryPeak shapeColumn (typography)Position (vector)Mass transferPhase (matter)media_commonChromatographyElutionChemistryOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineModels TheoreticalKineticsPredictionChromatography LiquidJournal of Chromatography A
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Topology of the 10 subunits within the decamer of KLH, the hemocyanin of the marine gastropod Megathura crenulata.

2002

Immunoelectron microscopy has been performed using negatively stained immune complexes of keyhole limpet hemocyanin isoform 1 (KLH1) decamers and a functional unit-specific monoclonal antibody anti-KLH1-c1. The antibody links hemocyanin molecules at both the collar and the collarless edge of the decamer, indicating a peripheral localization of functional units c. In isoform 2 (KLH2) the positions of functional units c have been identified with the peanut agglutinin (PNA), which has previously been shown to exclusively bind to KLH2-c. Ferritin linked to PNA was used to visualize labeled molecules electron microscopically. The pattern of labeling also indicates a peripheral localization of th…

Peanut agglutininGene isoformModels MolecularImmunoelectron microscopymedicine.medical_treatmentProtein subunitchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaHemocyaninBiologyMegathura crenulatabiology.organism_classificationCrystallography X-RayMolecular biologyNegative stainMolecular WeightMicroscopy ElectronProtein SubunitsStructural BiologyMolluscaHemocyaninsmedicinebiology.proteinAnimalsProtein Structure QuaternaryKeyhole limpet hemocyaninJournal of structural biology
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Exposure to trihalomethanes through different water uses and birth weight, small for gestational age, and preterm delivery in Spain

2011

Background: Evidence associating exposure to water disinfection by-products with reduced birth weight and altered duration of gestation remains inconclusive. Objective: We assessed exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) during pregnancy through different water uses and evaluated the association with birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW), and preterm delivery. Methods: Mother–child cohorts set up in five Spanish areas during the years 2000–2008 contributed data on water ingestion, showering, bathing, and swimming in pools. We ascertained residential THM levels during pregnancy periods through ad hoc sampling campaigns (828 measurements) and regulatory data (264 me…

PediatricsFetus -- CreixementBathingHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisEspaña:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Cohort Studies:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Models Theoretical [Medical Subject Headings]small for gestational agePregnancynewbornFemeninosExposición a Riesgos Ambientales:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy [Medical Subject Headings]:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]water pollutionInfeccions respiratòries -- EpidemiologiaAdultodisinfection by-products:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn::Infant Low Birth Weight [Medical Subject Headings]Modelos TeóricosEnvironmental exposurepremature birthNacimiento PrematuroHumanos:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Environmental Exposure [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models Statistical::Logistic Models [Medical Subject Headings]Premature birthInfant Small for Gestational AgeGestation:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn::Infant Low Birth Weight::Infant Small for Gestational Age [Medical Subject Headings]Femaleepidemiologymedicine.symptomAigua -- DepuracióAdultmedicine.medical_specialtytrihalomethanesContaminantes Químicos del AguaEmbarazoBirth weight:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant Newborn [Medical Subject Headings]Embaràs -- Aspectes nutricionalsRecién nacidoRecién Nacido Pequeño para la Edad GestacionalEnvironmental healthmedicine:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]cohort studyModelos LogísticosHumanslow birth weightEpidemiologiaRecién Nacido de Bajo Peso:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Hydrocarbons::Hydrocarbons Halogenated::Trihalomethanes [Medical Subject Headings]Pregnancybusiness.industryTrihalometanoResearchPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfant Newbornbirth weightEnvironmental ExposureInfant Low Birth WeightModels Theoreticalmedicine.diseaseLow birth weightLogistic Models:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Spain:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Small for gestational age:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Toxic Actions::Environmental Pollutants::Water Pollutants::Water Pollutants Chemical [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications::Pregnancy Complications::Obstetric Labor Complications::Obstetric Labor Premature::Premature Birth [Medical Subject Headings]businessEstudios de CohortesWater Pollutants Chemical
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Pregnancy e-health: a multicenter Italian cross-sectional study on internet use and decision-making among pregnant women

2013

Background Our study aimed to estimate the prevalence of pregnancy e-health seekers in a large Italian sample; to explore the factors influencing the choices of the childbearing women regarding their lifestyles after internet consultation; and finally to investigate potential differences between primiparous and multiparous women in internet use to find information about pregnancy. Methods A multicentre survey was carried out in seven Italian cities. Data were collected through a validated questionnaire administered in waiting rooms of outpatient departments by medical doctors. Respondents were questioned about their sociodemographic status, their use of the internet to seek pregnancy inform…

PediatricsGynaecology; Health Promotion; Maternal HealthCross-sectional studypregnancy e-healthstudy internetEpidemiologyMaternal HealthHealth BehaviorLogistic regressionChoice BehaviorGynaecologySeekersPregnancySurveys and QuestionnairesEpidemiologyPrevalenceMedicinehealthTelemedicineParityItalyThe InternetFemalePublic HealthAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentDecision MakingInformation Seeking BehaviorSocio-culturaleHealth PromotionInterviews as TopicYoung AdultHumansLife StyleSettore MED/42 - IGIENE GENERALE E APPLICATAPregnancypregnancy; healthInternetDescriptive statisticsConsumer Health Informationbusiness.industryEnvironmental and Occupational HealthPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthmedicine.diseaseHealth promotionCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsFamily medicineMultivariate AnalysisEpidemiology; Public Health Environmental and Occupational HealthPregnant Womenbusiness
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Correlation between neonatal outcomes of twins depends on the outcome : Secondary analysis of twelve randomised controlled trials

2018

ObjectiveTo estimate the magnitude of the correlation between neonatal outcomes of twins and demonstrate how this information can be used in the design of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in women with twin pregnancies.DesignSecondary analysis of data from 12 RCTs.SettingObstetric care in multiple countries, 2004-2012.Population or sample4504 twin pairs born to women who participated in RCTs to assess treatments given during pregnancy.MethodsIntraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were estimated using log-binomial and linear models.Main outcome measuresPerinatal death, respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular haemorrhage, necrotising enterocolitis, s…

PediatricsNeonatal intensive care unitIntraclass correlationPerinatal DeathBayesian analysisintraclass correlation coefficientInfant Newborn DiseasesCorrelationpowerDOUBLE-BLIND0302 clinical medicinePregnancyMedicine030212 general & internal medicineCorrelation of DataRandomized Controlled Trials as Topiceducation.field_of_study030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineRespiratory distressPregnancy OutcomeObstetrics and Gynecologytwinssample sizeINTRACLUSTER CORRELATIONFemaleAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyPRETERM BIRTHPopulationGestational AgeArticle03 medical and health sciencesSMALL CLUSTERSPREGNANCIESHumanseducationPregnancyModels Statisticalbusiness.industryInfant NewbornPROGESTERONEmedicine.diseasePREVENTIONmeta-analysisBronchopulmonary dysplasiaSample size determinationPregnancy TwinMULTIPLE BIRTHSbusinessCORRELATION-COEFFICIENT17-ALPHA-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE CAPROATE
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Global, regional, and national levels and causes of maternal mortality during 1990-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study…

2014

BACKGROUND: The fifth Millennium Development Goal (MDG 5) established the goal of a 75% reduction in the maternal mortality ratio (MMR; number of maternal deaths per 100,000 livebirths) between 1990 and 2015. We aimed to measure levels and track trends in maternal mortality, the key causes contributing to maternal death, and timing of maternal death with respect to delivery.METHODS: We used robust statistical methods including the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) to analyse a database of data for 7065 site-years and estimate the number of maternal deaths from all causes in 188 countries between 1990 and 2013. We estimated the number of pregnancy-related deaths caused by HIV on the basi…

PediatricsTime FactorsNutrition and Diseasehiv-infectionimmunodeficiency virus-1 infectionperipartum cardiomyopathyPoison controlHIV InfectionsIMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-1 INFECTIONSocioeconomic FactorGlobal Health0302 clinical medicinePERIPARTUM CARDIOMYOPATHYpregnancy-related mortalityRisk FactorsPregnancyVoeding en ZiekteCause of DeathGlobal healthHIV Infection030212 general & internal medicinePregnancy Complications Infectious10. No inequalityCause of death030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicinesouth-africaMedicine (all)1. No povertyWOMENPREGNANCY-RELATED MORTALITYhealth initiativesGeneral MedicineSOUTH-AFRICA3. Good healthMaternal MortalityWorld HealthCHILD SURVIVALFemaleMaternal deathwomenHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorDEATHSchild survivalArticleadult mortality03 medical and health sciencesAge DistributionHEALTH INITIATIVESSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingHIV-INFECTIONADULT MORTALITYInjury preventionmedicineOrganizational ObjectivesOrganizational ObjectiveHumansVLAGPregnancyModels Statisticalbusiness.industryRisk Factormedicine.diseasedeathsStandardized mortality ratioSocioeconomic FactorsRelative riskPregnancy Complications InfectioubusinessDemography
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Acetaminophen Use During Pregnancy: Effects on Risk for Congenital Abnormalities

2008

Udgivelsesdato: 2008-Feb OBJECTIVE: We evaluated if acetaminophen, one of the most frequently used drugs among pregnant women is associated with an increased prevalence of congenital abnormalities. STUDY DESIGN: We selected 88,142 pregnant women and their liveborn singletons from the Danish National Birth Cohort who had information on acetaminophen use during the first trimester of pregnancy. We used the National Hospital Registry to identify 3784 (4.3%) children from the cohort diagnosed with 5847 congenital abnormalities. RESULTS: Children exposed to acetaminophen during the first trimester of pregnancy (n = 26,424) did not have an increased prevalence of congenital abnormalities (hazard …

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyDenmarkFistulaCohort StudiesPregnancyRisk FactorsPrevalencemedicineHumansProspective StudiesRegistriesRisk factorProspective cohort studyAcetaminophenProportional Hazards ModelsPregnancybusiness.industryObstetricsHazard ratioObstetrics and GynecologyAbnormalities Drug-InducedAnalgesics Non-Narcoticmedicine.diseaseTeratologyAcetaminophenPregnancy Trimester FirstFirst trimesterCohortGestationFemalebusinessBirth cohortCohort studymedicine.drugObstetric Anesthesia Digest
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Outdoor, but not indoor, nitrogen dioxide exposure is associated with persistent cough during the first year of life

2011

Background and aims: Because their lungs and immune system are not completely developed, children are more susceptible to respiratory disease and more vulnerable to ambient pollution. We assessed the relation between prenatal and postnatal nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels and the development of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), wheezing and persistent cough during the first year of life. Methods: The study population consisted of 352 children from a birth cohort in Valencia, Spain. Prenatal exposure to NO2, a marker of traffic related air pollution was measured at 93 sampling sites spread over the study area during four different sampling periods of 7 days each. It was modeled for eac…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyEnvironmental EngineeringNitrogen DioxideAir pollutionRespiratory InfectionPregnancySurveys and QuestionnairesmedicineHumansEnvironmental ChemistryCumulative incidenceRespiratory Tract InfectionsWaste Management and DisposalRespiratory SoundsVehicle EmissionsNitrogen dioxideRespiratory tract infectionsbusiness.industryIncidenceInfantRespiratory infectionEnvironmental ExposureOdds ratioModels Theoreticalmedicine.diseasePollutionConfidence intervalrespiratory tract diseasesPneumoniaLogistic ModelsCoughSpainBronchiolitisPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsGeographic Information SystemsBronchitisFemalebusinessScience of The Total Environment
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Distribution of maternity units and spatial access to specialised care for women delivering before 32 weeks of gestation in Europe

2010

Contains fulltext : 88841.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Survival and quality of life are improved for very preterm babies when delivery occurs in a maternity unit with on-site neonatal intensive care (level III unit). We investigated the impact of distance on the probability of delivering in such a unit for births before 32 weeks of gestation from 9 European regions with diverse perinatal health systems (the MOSAIC cohort). We analysed distances between women's homes, and the nearest level III in population quartiles, adjusting for maternal and pregnancy characteristics. Living farther away from a level III reduced access to specialised care everywhere; in some regions women re…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyHealth (social science)Perinatal careGeography Planning and DevelopmentPopulation[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineQuality of life (healthcare)Hospital planningPregnancy030225 pediatricsIntensive caremedicineHumansMaternal Health Services030212 general & internal medicineeducationComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPregnancyeducation.field_of_study[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/SociologyDistancebusiness.industryHealth services accessibilityPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfant Newborn[ SHS.SOCIO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographymedicine.disease3. Good healthEuropeLogistic ModelsQuartileEvaluation of complex medical interventions [NCEBP 2]Premature birthdistance; europe; health services accessibility; hospital planning; perinatal careCohortMultivariate AnalysisGestationPremature BirthFemale[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologieHuman medicinebusinessDemography
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Prenatal exposure to traffic-related air pollution and fetal growth in a cohort of pregnant women

2012

Objectives Scant evidence is available on effects of air pollution on longitudinally measured fetal biometry, and thus it remains unclear as to whether there are critical windows of exposure or specificity of effects. Our objective was to examine the association between exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) during pregnancy and fetal and neonatal anthropometry in a cohort of Spanish women. Methods Temporally adjusted land-use regression was used to estimate exposure to NO2 at home addresses. Biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC), femur length (FL) and estimated fetal weight (EFW) were evaluated in each trimester by ultrasound. As neonatal outcomes, weight, length and head cir…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyMultivariate analysisNitrogen DioxideUltrasonography PrenatalCohort StudiesFetal DevelopmentPregnancyAir PollutionMedicineBirth WeightBody SizeHumansProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyVehicle EmissionsFetusPregnancyAir Pollutantsbusiness.industryObstetricsPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfant NewbornGestational agemedicine.diseaseMaternal ExposureCohortMultivariate AnalysisLinear ModelsGestationFemalebusinessCohort study
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