Search results for "Models"

showing 10 items of 8211 documents

Coastal Governance Solutions Development in Latvia

2015

This chapter has focused on the application of the environmental collaboration communication model for separate coastal municipalities in Latvia, in order to assess and to advise on the development of coastal-climate-risk-communication specifications. The model has four components— information, education, participation, and environmentally friendly behavior —and its use in three coastal municipalities was examined in relation to coastal governance processes and stakeholder participation. This four-part model is recommended for use by municipal administrations in other types of complex communication applications, and should be introduced into all governance levels of the planning process and…

Planning processDocumentationGeographyRelation (database)Order (exchange)business.industryCorporate governanceModels of communicationEnvironmental resource managementStakeholderbusinessEnvironmental planning
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Testing the ontogenetic base for the transient model of inflorescence development

2013

† Backgrounds and Aims: Current research in plant science has concentrated on revealing ontogenetic processes of key attributes in plant evolution. One recently discussed model is the ‘transient model’ successful in explaining some types of inflorescence architectures based on two main principles: the decline of the so called ‘vegetativeness’ (veg) factor and the transient nature of apical meristems in developing inflorescences. This study examines whether both principles find a concrete ontogenetic correlate in inflorescence development. † Methods: To test the ontogenetic base of veg decline and the transient character of apical meristems the ontogeny of meristematic size in developing inf…

Plant evolutionOntogenyBiphasic kineticsfungiMeristemfood and beveragesPlant ScienceArticlesOrgan SizeDisjunctMeristemBiologyModels BiologicalMagnoliopsidaInflorescenceRacemeBotanyRegression AnalysisInflorescencePanicle
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Tomography Application to Complex Seismic Data of the Tjornes Fracture Zone (Iceland)

2014

The Tjornes Fracture Zone (TFZ) is an active seismic zone in Northeast Iceland. It plays a key role to understand the geodynamic movement and location of tectonic plates. However the seismic experiment can not be performed close to earthquake sources, because sources are mainly located in the Greenland Sea. The unusual geological structure of TFZ and the limited conditions of an experiment lead to significant deviations between real observations and the values that are calculated in accordance with theoretical models. Consequently, there is a loss of adequacy and stability of tomography systems. Outcomes of the method, which takes into account this problem, are analyzed in the present chapt…

Plate tectonicsSeismic zoneGps dataTheoretical modelsFracture zoneTomographySeismologyGeologyGeological structure
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Platelet function testing in pigs using the Multiplate® Analyzer.

2019

PLOS ONE 14(8), e0222010 (2019). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222010

Platelet AggregationSwinePhysiology030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPlatelet inhibitionPharmacologyAntiplatelet Therapy0302 clinical medicineOral administrationAnimal CellsPig ModelsMedicine and Health SciencesMedicinePlateletOral AdministrationRoutes of AdministrationMammalsMultidisciplinaryPharmaceuticsQREukaryotaHematologyAnimal ModelsClopidogrelBody FluidsBloodExperimental Organism SystemsVertebratesMedicineAnatomyCellular Typesmedicine.drugResearch ArticleBlood PlateletsPlateletsPlatelet Function TestsScience610Research and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesAnimal modelDrug TherapyAnimalsddc:610Platelet activationBlood CoagulationApplication methodsPharmacologyBlood CellsAspirinbusiness.industryOrganismsBiology and Life Sciences030208 emergency & critical care medicineCell BiologyPlatelet ActivationReference valuesAmniotesPurinergic P2Y Receptor AntagonistsAnimal StudiesbusinessPlatelet Aggregation InhibitorsPloS one
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Vertical movements of the Paris Basin (Triassic-Pleistocene): from 3D stratigraphic database to numerical models

2003

PleistoceneGeologyOcean EngineeringNumerical modelsStructural basinGeomorphologyGeologyWater Science and TechnologyGeological Society, London, Special Publications
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Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells: From the Crypt to the Clinic

2014

Since their first discovery, investigations of colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs) have revealed some unexpected properties, including a high degree of heterogeneity and plasticity. By exploiting a combination of genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental factors, colorectal CSCs metastasize, resist chemotherapy, and continually adapt to a changing microenvironment, representing a formidable challenge to cancer eradication. Here, we review the current understanding of colorectal CSCs, including their origin, relationship to stem cells of the intestine, phenotypic characterization, and underlying regulatory mechanisms. We also discuss limitations to current preclinical models of colorectal …

Pluripotent Stem CellsColorectal cancerAnimals; Colonic Neoplasms; Colorectal Neoplasms; Disease Models Animal; Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic; Humans; Intestines; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Tumor EscapeCryptAnimals; Colonic Neoplasms; Colorectal Neoplasms; Disease Models Animal; Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic; Humans; Intestines; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Pluripotent Stem Cells; Tumor Escape; Molecular Medicine; Genetics; Cell BiologyBiologySettore MED/04 - PATOLOGIA GENERALEmedicineGeneticsAnimalsHumansEpigeneticsRegulation of gene expressionNeoplasticAnimalCancerCell Biologymedicine.diseasePhenotypeGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticIntestinesDisease Models AnimalTumor EscapeGene Expression RegulationImmunologyColonic NeoplasmsDisease ModelsCancer researchNeoplastic Stem CellsMolecular MedicineTumor EscapeStem cellColorectal Neoplasmscolorectal cancer stem cells CSCsCell Stem Cell
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Mouse embryonic stem cells are hypersensitive to apoptosis triggered by the DNA damage O(6)-methylguanine due to high E2F1 regulated mismatch repair.

2007

Exposure of stem cells to genotoxins may lead to embryonic lethality or teratogenic effects. This can be prevented by efficient DNA repair or by eliminating genetically damaged cells. Using undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells as a pluripotent model system, we compared ES cells with differentiated cells, with regard to apoptosis induction by alkylating agents forming the highly mutagenic and killing DNA adduct O(6)-methylguanine. Upon treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), ES cells undergo apoptosis at much higher frequency than differentiated cells, although they express a high level of the repair protein O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Apo…

Pluripotent Stem CellsMethylnitronitrosoguanidineDNA ComplementaryGuanineDNA damageDNA repairCellular differentiationApoptosisBiologyDNA Mismatch RepairModels BiologicalDNA AdductsMiceO(6)-Methylguanine-DNA MethyltransferaseDNA adductAnimalsMolecular BiologyEmbryonic Stem CellsSwiss 3T3 CellsBase SequenceCell DifferentiationCell BiologyDNA MethylationFibroblastsEmbryonic stem cellMolecular biologyDNA-Binding ProteinsMutS Homolog 2 ProteinDNA methylationDNA mismatch repairStem cellE2F1 Transcription FactorDNA DamageCell death and differentiation
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Reprogrammed induced pluripotent stem cells: how suitable could they be in reproductive medicine?

2008

Human embryonic stem cells have the greatest potential for regenerative and reproductive medicine; unfortunately, their full application is limited by ethical and technical problems. In order to overcome these problems and get patient specific pluripotent cells from somatic cells, the field of reprogramming has moved to the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells by overexpression of four transcription factors after viral infection of the patient's somatic cells. In the present paper we review the limitations and milestones of this technique in both regenerative and reproductive medicine.

Pluripotent Stem Cellsmedicine.medical_specialtySomatic cellReproductive medicineObstetrics and GynecologyBiologyPatient specificCellular ReprogrammingRegenerative MedicineModels BiologicalEmbryonic stem cellGermlineCell biologyReproductive MedicineImmunologymedicineHumansStem cellInduced pluripotent stem cellReprogrammingFertility and Sterility
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Carga y factores de riesgo para la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad de Pseudomonas aeruginosa : un estudio multinacional de prevalencia puntual de …

2018

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a challenging bacterium to treat due to its intrinsic resistance to the antibiotics used most frequently in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Data about the global burden and risk factors associated with P. aeruginosa-CAP are limited. We assessed the multinational burden and specific risk factors associated with P. aeruginosa-CAP. We enrolled 3193 patients in 54 countries with confirmed diagnosis of CAP who underwent microbiological testing at admission. Prevalence was calculated according to the identification of P. aeruginosa. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant P. aeru…

Pneumonia Pseudomonas aeruginosaMaleantibiotic resistanceInternationalityCross-sectional studybacterial colonizationvery elderlyPrevalenceDrug ResistanceDrug resistancePneumònia adquirida a la comunitatPseudomonas aeruginosa community acquired pneumoniaPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineTracheostomyCommunity-acquired pneumoniaRisk FactorsEpidemiology80 and overPrevalenceMedicineCommunity-Acquired Infection030212 general & internal medicineAged 80 and overCross InfectionadultarticleBacterialMiddle AgedAntibiotic coverageBronchiectasisCommunity-Acquired Infectionshospital patientpriority journalrisk factorAged; Aged 80 and over; Bronchiectasis; Community-Acquired Infections; Cross Infection; Cross-Sectional Studies; Drug Resistance Bacterial; Female; Humans; Internationality; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Pneumonia Bacterial; Prevalence; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive; Risk Factors; TracheostomyPseudomonas aeruginosaInfectious diseasesFemaleHumanPulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyChronic ObstructiveCommunity-acquired pneumoniaLogistic ModelAdmissionSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratoriochronic lung diseasePulmonary Disease03 medical and health sciencesBronchiectasiInternal medicinePseudomonasDrug Resistance BacterialPneumonia BacterialHumanscontrolled studyhumanAgedCross-Sectional StudieBronchiectasisbusiness.industryRisk Factorcommunity acquired pneumoniaPneumoniamedicine.diseaselogistic regression analysismajor clinical studyantibiotic sensitivityPneumoniahospital admissionCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic Models030228 respiratory systemmicrobiological examinationbusinesschronic obstructive lung disease
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Sidelobe decline in single-photon 4Pi microscopy by Toraldo rings.

2003

We demonstrate theoretically the feasibility of single-photon 4Pi-confocal microscopy. By inserting a pair of properly designed multi-ring phase-only pupil filters in the illumination path of a 4Pi microscope the height of the sidelobes of the point spread function substantially reduced, so that there is no ambiguity in the 3D image. Then, an axial resolution up to four times higher than that of single-photon confocal microscope can be effectively achieved.

Point spread functionMicroscopeMaterials sciencePhotonMicroscopy ConfocalSuper-resolution microscopybusiness.industryConfocalGeneral Physics and AstronomyCell BiologyModels Theoreticallaw.inventionOpticsImaging Three-DimensionalStructural Biologylaw3d imageMicroscopyGeneral Materials Science4Pi microscopebusinessFiltrationMicron (Oxford, England : 1993)
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