Search results for "Modula"
showing 10 items of 1481 documents
Kognition produktiivisten kykyjen yhteinen neuraalinen perusta
2014
Ihminen pystyy luomaan rajattomasti uutta rajatusta aineistosta. Esimerkiksi rajatulla sanavarastolla voidaan luoda periaatteessa mielivaltaisen pitkiä ja monimutkaisia lauseita joita emme ole koskaan ennen kuulleet tai lukeneet. Sama luovuus pätee moniin muihinkin ihmisen kykyihin musiikista, matematiikkaan, taiteesta työkaluihin. Millään muulla eläinlajilla ei ole tavattu vastaavanlaisia kykyjä. Onko tämä ihmisen rajaton luovuus peräisin yhdestä ainoasta lähteestä? Tämän esityksen tarkoituksena on selventää käsitteitä ja periaatteita, joiden avulla voisimme muotoilla tutkimusohjelman, jolla voimme sitten lähestyä kysymystä mielen mahdollisesti yhteisen tuottavan kyvyn luonteesta. Modernit…
Kämmensyrjävaimennus muodon artikuloijana : sen aikaansaamat muutokset heavy metal-musiikin rytmiikassa, sointivärissä ja harmoniassa
2011
Kämmensyrjävaimennus (engl. palm-mute) on eräs musiikkikappaleen muotoa artikuloiva tekijä, sillä se saa aikaan muutoksia rytmiikassa, harmoniassa ja sointivärissä. Tästä huolimatta sen huomioiminen populaarimusiikintutkimuksessa on ollut varsin vähäistä. Käyn tutkimuksessani läpi kämmensyrjävaimennuksen eri ilmenemismuotoja ja niiden suhdetta heavy metal -musiikin muotokäsitykseen. Tutkimukseni tulokset esitän kämmensyrjävaimennuksen ja hypermetriikkaan ja modulaariseen strukturointiin perustuvan muotokäsityksen teoreettisen taustan, keräämäni aineiston ja musiikkianalyyttisten menetelmien avulla. Käsittelen myös tutkimuksessani kriittisesti perinteisen musiikin muotokäsityksen soveltuvuut…
The prognostic and predictive value of IKZF1 and IKZF3 expression in T-cells in patients with multiple myeloma
2018
Purpose: While recent studies described the role of IKZF1/3 proteins in multiple myeloma (MM) cells, few have highlighted the significance of IKZF1/3 expression in T-cells. In this study we examine the prognostic and predictive value of IKZF1/3 expression in T-cells in patients with MM stage III. Experimental design: We analysed the IKZF1/3 expression levels in T-cells from 45 MM stage I (MMI) and 50 newly diagnosed MM stage III (MMIII) patients, according to Durie-Salmon staging system, by flow cytometry to examine their prognostic and predictive value. We also combined in vivo observations with in vitro assays to determine the effect of IKZF1/3 expression on the T-cell immunophenotype and…
Baseline Gut Microbiota Composition Is Associated With Schistosoma mansoni Infection Burden in Rodent Models
2020
In spite of growing evidence supporting the occurrence of complex interactions between Schistosoma and gut bacteria in mice and humans, no data is yet available on whether worm-mediated changes in microbiota composition are dependent on the baseline gut microbial profile of the vertebrate host. In addition, the impact of such changes on the susceptibility to, and pathophysiology of, schistosomiasis remains largely unexplored. In this study, mice colonized with gut microbial populations from a human donor (HMA mice), as well as microbiota-wild type (WT) animals, were infected with Schistosoma mansoni, and alterations of their gut microbial profiles at 50 days post-infection were compared to …
THE ROLE OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES IN MODULATING THE HOST IMMUNE RESPONSE DURING PARASITIC INFECTIONS
2014
Parasites are the cause of major diseases affecting billions of people. As the inflictions caused by these parasites affect mainly developing countries, they are considered as neglected diseases. These parasitic infections are often chronic and lead to significant immunomodulation of the host immune response by the parasite, which could benefit both the parasite and the host and are the result of millions of years of co-evolution. The description of parasite extracellular vesicles (EVs) in protozoa and helminths suggests that they may play an important role in host–parasite communication. In this review, recent studies on parasitic (protozoa and helminths) EVs are presented and their potent…
Neuro-endocrine networks controlling immune system in health and disease
2014
The nervous and immune systems have long been considered as compartments that perform separate and different functions. However, recent clinical, epidemiological, and experimental data have suggested that the pathogenesis of several immune-mediated disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), might involve factors, hormones, and neural mediators that link the immune and nervous system. These molecules are members of the same superfamily, which allow the mutual and bi-directional neural–immune interaction. More recently, the discovery of leptin, one of the most abundant adipocyte-derived hormones that control food intake and metabolism, has suggested that nutritional/metabolic status, acting …
Vitamin D, allergies and asthma: focus on pediatric patients
2014
In recent years, the interest of the scientific world towards vitamin D gradually increased, and several studies have been conducted to dissect its possible role in modulating the development/course of allergic diseases. Also, Vitamin D supplementation has been assessed as a beneficial approach for treating allergies in some, but not all studies. We reviewed herein the available and relevant literature concerning the possible links between Vitamin D, its supplementation and allergic diseases. A literature search was made independently by the Authors, identifying articles for a narrative review. As per literature, Vitamin D plays a key role in calcium and phosphate metabolism, and it is esse…
B lymphocyte intestinal homing in inflammatory bowel disease.
2011
Abstract Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to be due to an abnormal interaction between the host immune system and commensal microflora. Within the intestinal immune system, B cells produce physiologically natural antibodies but pathologically atypical anti-neutrophil antibodies (xANCAs) are frequently observed in patients with IBD. The objective is to investigate the localisation of immunoglobulin-producing cells (IPCs) in samples of inflamed intestinal tissue taken from patients with IBD, and their possible relationship with clinical features. Methods The IPCs in small intestinal, colonic and rectal biopsy specimens of patients with IBD were analysed by means of immun…
A focused ultrasound treatment system for moving targets (part I): generic system design and in-silico first-stage evaluation
2017
Abstract Background Focused ultrasound (FUS) is entering clinical routine as a treatment option. Currently, no clinically available FUS treatment system features automated respiratory motion compensation. The required quality standards make developing such a system challenging. Methods A novel FUS treatment system with motion compensation is described, developed with the goal of clinical use. The system comprises a clinically available MR device and FUS transducer system. The controller is very generic and could use any suitable MR or FUS device. MR image sequences (echo planar imaging) are acquired for both motion observation and thermometry. Based on anatomical feature tracking, motion pr…
Seasonal Modulation of the $^7$Be Solar Neutrino Rate in Borexino
2017
We detected the seasonal modulation of the $^7$Be neutrino interaction rate with the Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. The period, amplitude, and phase of the observed time evolution of the signal are consistent with its solar origin, and the absence of an annual modulation is rejected at 99.99\% C.L. The data are analyzed using three methods: the sinusoidal fit, the Lomb-Scargle and the Empirical Mode Decomposition techniques, which all yield results in excellent agreement.