Search results for "Modula"

showing 10 items of 1481 documents

Photoswitchable Micro-Supercapacitor Based on a Diarylethene-Graphene Composite Film

2017

Stimuli-responsive micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) controlled by external stimuli can enable a wide range of applications for future on-chip energy storage. Here, we report on a photoswitchable MSC based on a diarylethene-graphene composite film. The microdevice delivers an outstanding and reversible capacitance modulation of up to 20%, demonstrating a prototype photoswitchable MSC. Terahertz spectroscopy indicates that the photoswitching of the capacitance is enabled by the reversible tuning of interfacial charge injection into diarylethene molecular orbitals, as a consequence of charge transfer at the diarylethene-graphene interface upon light modulation.

Nanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCapacitanceCatalysisEnergy storagelaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundColloid and Surface ChemistryDiarylethenelawMolecular orbitalSupercapacitorGraphenebusiness.industryGeneral ChemistryPhysik (inkl. Astronomie)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesTerahertz spectroscopy and technologychemistryModulationOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Editorial: Neuromodulatory ascending systems: Their influence at the microscopic and macroscopic levels

2022

Brain activity and behavior are constantly changing (Puig et al., 2014; Disney, 2021). Recent studies in both animal models and humans have revealed that such variations are not random in nature but controlled through slow-acting neuromodulatory systems...

NeuroanatomyCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceCircuitsNeuromodulationCognitive NeuroscienceNeuroscience (miscellaneous)NetworksBrain disordersSensory SystemsFrontiers in Neural Circuits
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Homeostasis of Microglia in the Adult Brain: Review of Novel Microglia Depletion Systems.

2015

Microglia are brain macrophages that emerge from early erythro-myeloid precursors in the embryonic yolk sac and migrate to the brain mesenchyme before the blood brain barrier is formed. They seed the brain, and proliferate until they have formed a grid-like distribution in the central nervous system that is maintained throughout lifespan. The mechanisms through which these embryonic-derived cells contribute to microglia homoeostasis at steady state and upon inflammation are still not entirely clear. Here we review recent studies that provided insight into the contribution of embryonically-derived microglia and of adult 'microglia-like' cells derived from monocytes during inflammation. We ex…

NeuroimmunomodulationCellular differentiationMesenchymeImmunologyCentral nervous systemEmbryonic DevelopmentInflammation610 Medicine & healthBiologyBlood–brain barrier10263 Institute of Experimental ImmunologymedicineImmunology and AllergyAnimalsHomeostasisHumansNeuroinflammationInflammation2403 ImmunologyMicrogliaMacrophagesBrainCell DifferentiationEmbryonic stem cellDisease Models Animalmedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologyModels Animal2723 Immunology and Allergy570 Life sciences; biologyMicrogliamedicine.symptomTrends in immunology
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Neuronal populations mediating the effects of endocannabinoids on stress and emotionality

2011

An adequate emotional response to stress is essential for survival and requires the fine-tuned regulation of several distinct neuronal circuits. Therefore, a precise control of these circuits is necessary to prevent behavioral imbalances. During the last decade, numerous investigations have evidenced that the endocannabinoid (eCB) system is able to crucially control stress coping. Its central component, the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1 receptor), is located at the presynapse, where it is able to attenuate neurotransmitter release after its activation by postsynaptically produced and released eCBs. To date, the eCB system has been found to control the neurotransmitter release from severa…

NeuronsHypothalamo-Hypophyseal SystemGeneral NeuroscienceEmotionsGlutamate receptorPituitary-Adrenal SystemContext (language use)Endocannabinoid systemAmygdalaPresynapsemedicine.anatomical_structureReceptor Cannabinoid CB1nervous systemStress PhysiologicalCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsSynapsesmedicineAnimalsLocus coeruleusPremovement neuronal activityPsychologyPrefrontal cortexNeuroscienceStress PsychologicalEndocannabinoidsNeuroscience
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WCLL breeding blanket design and integration for DEMO 2015: status and perspectives

2017

Abstract Water-cooled lithium-lead breeding blanket is considered a candidate option for European DEMO nuclear fusion reactor. ENEA and the linked third parties have proposed and are developing a multi-module blanket segment concept based on DEMO 2015 specifications. The layout of the module is based on horizontal (i.e. radial-toroidal) water-cooling tubes in the breeding zone, and on lithium lead flowing in radial-poloidal direction. This design choice is driven by the rationale to have a modular design, where a basic geometry is repeated along the poloidal direction. The modules are connected with a back supporting structure, designed to withstand thermal and mechanical loads due to norma…

Neutron transportComputer scienceBlanket7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesbreeding blanket; CFD; DEMO; WCLL010305 fluids & plasmaslaw.inventionlaw0103 physical sciencesDesign choiceGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsWCLL Breeding blanket DEMOSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariCivil and Structural EngineeringWCLL Breeding blanket DEMObusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringLead systemPressurized water reactorFusion powerModular designNuclear Energy and EngineeringSystems engineeringbusinessTransport systemFusion Engineering and Design
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Modular De novo Synthesis of Unsymmetrical BODIPY Dyes Possessing Four Different Aryl Substituents

2017

A modular synthesis of unsymmetrical BODIPY dyes based on a [6π]-electrocyclization to construct the two pyrrole rings is presented. The products carry four aryl moieties in positions 1, 3, 5, and 7 which can be freely selected as well as optional substitution in positions 2 and 8. The method employs acetophenones, benzaldehydes as well as glycine nitrile or glycine ethyl ester as the key building blocks.

Nitrile010405 organic chemistryChemistryStereochemistrybusiness.industryArylOrganic ChemistryModular design010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesDe novo synthesischemistry.chemical_compoundGlycinePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBODIPYGlycine ethyl esterbusinessPyrroleEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Non-equilibrium monitoring using self-phase modulation

2006

2 pages; International audience; Laser induced self-phase modulation phenomenon is observed in a blackberry juice using moderate beam intensity. The sample content qualities can be quantified by measuring optical parameters, we show the possibility to use the nonlinear in an on-line homogeneity monitoring.

Non-equilibriummonitoring[ PHYS.COND.CM-MS ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci][PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Nonlinear Optics[PHYS.COND.CM-MS] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Self-Phase modulationPACS: 78.20
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Multiscaling and the classification of continuous phase transitions

1992

Multiscaling of the free energy is obtained by generalizing the classification of phase transitions proposed by Ehrenfest. The free energy is found to obey a new generalized scaling form which contains as special cases standard and multiscaling forms. The results are obtained by analytic continuation from the classification scheme of Ehrenfest.

Nonlinear Sciences::Chaotic DynamicsPhase transitionContinuous phase modulationCritical point (thermodynamics)Analytic continuationGeneral Physics and AstronomyClassification schemeStatistical physicsRenormalization groupCritical exponentScalingMathematicsPhysical Review Letters
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Scaling guidelines of a soliton-based power limiter for 2R-optical regeneration applications

2010

International audience; In this work, we report scaling rules for the design of an all-fibered soliton-based power limiter for reamplification and reshaping (2R) regeneration process. In particular, we propose general guidelines to fix the optimum fiber length and initial power of the regenerator. We quantitatively point out the optical power limiting effect of the device enabling a significant reduction of the amplitude jitter of a degraded signal. Influence of the initial level of amplitude jitter is discussed and the results are compared with a self-phase modulation-based configuration working in the normal dispersion regime. Realistic numerical simulations in the context of 160 Gbit/s s…

Nonlinear opticsOptical fiberComputer scienceOptical communicationContext (language use)Soliton (optics)Optical power02 engineering and technologySignal01 natural sciences010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonics0103 physical sciencesDispersion (optics)0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringLimiterElectronic engineeringSelf-phase modulationJitterPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPower (physics)ModulationOptical regenerationOptical TelecommunicationOptical Telecommunication.
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Permutable subnormal subgroups of finite groups

2009

The aim of this paper is to prove certain characterization theorems for groups in which permutability is a transitive relation, the so called PT -groups. In particular, it is shown that the finite solvable PT -groups, the finite solvable groups in which every subnormal subgroup of defect two is permutable, the finite solvable groups in which every normal subgroup is permutable sensitive, and the finite solvable groups in which conjugatepermutability and permutability coincide are all one and the same class. This follows from our main result which says that the finite modular p-groups, p a prime, are those p-groups in which every subnormal subgroup of defect two is permutable or, equivalentl…

Normal subgroupClass (set theory)PermutableMathematics::CombinatoricsGeneral MathematicsSubnormalModular p-groupGrups Teoria deCharacterization (mathematics)Prime (order theory)PT -groupSubnormal subgroupCombinatoricsMathematics::Group TheorySolvable groupPermutable primeÀlgebraAlgebra over a fieldMATEMATICA APLICADAMathematicsConjugate-Permutable
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