Search results for "Mouse"
showing 10 items of 590 documents
Extracellular vesicles do not mediate the anti-inflammatory actions of mouse-derived adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells secretome
2021
Este artículo se encuentra disponible en la siguiente URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/3/1375 Este artículo pertenece al número especial "The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Inflammatory and Fibrotic Diseases". Adipose tissue represents an abundant source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) for therapeutic purposes. Previous studies have demonstrated the anti-inflammatory potential of adipose tissue-derived MSC (ASC). Extracellular vesicles (EV) present in the conditioned medium (CM) have been shown to mediate the cytoprotective effects of human ASC secretome. Nevertheless, the role of EV in the anti-inflammatory effects of mouse-derived ASC is not known. The current study has investiga…
Neuronal activity triggers uptake of hematopoietic extracellular vesicles in vivo
2019
Communication with the hematopoietic system is a vital component of regulating brain function in health and disease. Traditionally, the major routes considered for this neuroimmune communication are by individual molecules such as cytokines carried by blood, by neural transmission, or, in more severe pathologies, by the entry of peripheral immune cells into the brain. In addition, functional mRNA from peripheral blood can be directly transferred to neurons via extracellular vesicles (EVs), but the parameters that determine their uptake are unknown. Using varied animal models that stimulate neuronal activity by peripheral inflammation, optogenetics, and selective proteasome inhibition of dop…
Environmental enrichment prevents pup mortality in laboratory mice.
2018
Early death of mouse pups is a commonly known problem in breeding mice colonies, which is still often regarded as ‘normal’ or is even overlooked due to the counting procedures applied. As reduced breeding performance probably indicates reduced well-being, this seems to be an underestimated welfare issue in laboratory mouse breeding. The present study compares the influence of three different forms of enrichment in breeding cages on infant survival rate and development of C57BL/6J mice. Our data reveal that lack of enrichment results in greater preweaning pup mortality, reduced weight and delayed development. Changing the environmental conditions after birth cannot prevent litter loss but i…
Is the reproductive potential of wild house mice regulated by extrinsic or intrinsic factors?
2007
The regulation of reproductive performance in small mammals may be determined by extrinsic or intrinsic parameters. In a large-scale, replicated field experiment we monitored the seasonal fluctuation in food availability and tested the effects of food addition on the reproductive performance of wild house mice (Mus domesticus) in south-eastern Australia. Ovulation rates and litter size increased during spring and peaked in October/November. Ovulation rate was consistently higher than litter size by approximately 1.2 embryos (19%). None of the extrinsic parameters measured (food quality and quantity, mouse abundance) had an impact on reproductive performance. The addition of food did not pre…
Liver-specific Ldb1 deletion results in enhanced liver cancer development.
2009
Background & Aims LIM-domain-binding (Ldb) proteins have been demonstrated to be essential not only to key embryonic developmental processes but also to carcinogenesis. We have previously demonstrated Ldb1 to be of high biological and developmental relevance, as a targeted deletion of the Ldb1 gene in mice results in an embryonic lethal and pleiotropic phenotype. Methods We have now established a liver-specific Ldb1 knock out to investigate the role of Ldb1 in carcinogenesis, in particular in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, in vivo . Results These mice demonstrated a significantly enhanced growth of liver cancer by means of tumor size and number, advocating for an essential role…
Gp91phox-containing NAD(P)H oxidase increases superoxide formation by doxorubicin and NADPH
2006
Doxorubicin is a highly effective antineoplastic drug associated with a dose-dependent cardiotoxicity that may result in irreversible cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Gene variants of the superoxide-generating enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase have recently been associated with this phenotype. We investigated the mechanism of this association using lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, spectrophotometry, electrochemical sensor, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Superoxide production was measured in female wild-type and NAD(P)H oxidase-deficient (gp91phox knockout) mice. The magnitude of the increase in superoxide production on the addition of doxorubicin was much higher in hearts of w…
Coincident airway exposure to low-potency allergen and cytomegalovirus sensitizes for allergic airway disease by viral activation of migratory dendri…
2019
Despite a broad cell-type tropism, cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an evidentially pulmonary pathogen. Predilection for the lungs is of medical relevance in immunocompromised recipients of hematopoietic cell transplantation, in whom interstitial CMV pneumonia is a frequent and, if left untreated, fatal clinical manifestation of human CMV infection. A conceivable contribution of CMV to airway diseases of other etiology is an issue that so far attracted little medical attention. As the route of primary CMV infection upon host-to-host transmission in early childhood involves airway mucosa, coincidence of CMV airway infection and exposure to airborne environmental antigens is almost unavoidable. For i…
New amide and dioxopiperazine derivatives from leaves of Breynia nivosa
2017
The first chemical investigation of leaves of Breynia nivosa from Nigeria resulted in the isolation of two new amide derivatives breynivosamides A and B (1 and 2) and two new dioxopiperazine derivatives breynivosines A and B (4 and 5) together with seven known compounds (3, 6-11). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS data as well as by comparison with the literature. All isolated compounds were tested for the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. Only cristatin A (6) showed cytotoxicity against the L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell line with an IC50 value of 13.9μM while breynivosamide A (1) exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium …
Flavor receptors
2011
National audience
Interferon-α Suppresses cAMP to Disarm Human Regulatory T Cells
2013
Abstract IFN-α is an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of several solid and hematologic malignancies that exerts strong immune- and autoimmune-stimulating activity. However, the mechanisms of immune activation by IFN-α remain incompletely understood, particularly with regard to CD4+CD25highFoxp+ regulatory T cells (Treg). Here, we show that IFN-α deactivates the suppressive function of human Treg by downregulating their intracellular cAMP level. IFN-α–mediated Treg inactivation increased CD4+ effector T-cell activation and natural killer cell tumor cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, repression of cAMP in Treg was caused by IFN-α–induced MAP–ERK kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated ki…