Search results for "Movement"

Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies six novel loci associated with habitual coffee consumption

2015

Contains fulltext : 155360.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Coffee, a major dietary source of caffeine, is among the most widely consumed beverages in the world and has received considerable attention regarding health risks and benefits. We conducted a genome-wide (GW) meta-analysis of predominately regular-type coffee consumption (cups per day) among up to 91,462 coffee consumers of European ancestry with top single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) followed-up in ~30 062 and 7964 coffee consumers of European and African-American ancestry, respectively. Studies from both stages were combined in a trans-ethnic meta-analysis. Confirmed loci were examined for putative functional and b…

Analysis of Four Youth Novels for Coeducation

2021

Las iniciativas orientadas a cuestionar los llamados estereotipos de género van en aumento, en la medida en que se han relacionado con la progresiva erradicación de ideas sexistas y conductas violentas machistas. Entre dichas iniciativas, este estudio se inscribe en aquellas enmarcadas en contextos educativos, dado el arraigo que encuentran entre jóvenes y adolescentes. Concretamente, nos centramos en la formación literaria, por el importante papel que desempeña en la educación integral. Teniendo en cuenta que la narrativa realista y la amorosa son subgéneros privilegiados para adentrarnos en el imaginario colectivo, el objetivo principal es analizar cuatro novelas juveniles de éxito en nue…

Projection-based improvement of 3D reconstructions from motion-impaired dental cone beam CT data.

2019

Purpose Computed tomography (CT) and, in particular, cone beam CT (CBCT) have been increasingly used as a diagnostic tool in recent years. Patient motion during acquisition is common in CBCT due to long scan times. This results in degraded image quality and may potentially increase the number of retakes. Our aim was to develop a marker-free iterative motion correction algorithm that works on the projection images and is suitable for local tomography. Methods We present an iterative motion correction algorithm that allows the patient's motion to be detected and taken into account during reconstruction. The core of our method is a fast GPU-accelerated three-dimensional reconstruction algorith…

Immigrati e diritti sociali: parità di trattamento e tutela multilivello

2017

Il saggio analizza la tutela antidiscriminatoria di cui godono i lavoratori immigrati all'insegna di una prospettiva multilivello: più in particolare viene descritto il complesso di strumenti normativi del diritto nazionale ed europeo a tutela delle situazioni giuridiche soggettive degli immigrati (ad es., in materia di sicurezza sociale), per come interpretato dalla Corte Costituzionale, dalla Corte di Giustizia e dalla Corte EDU. Da ultimo, vengono analizzati i recenti orientamenti giurisprudenziali, che oscillano tra l'affievolimento del principio paritario in ragione di sempre più stringenti vincoli di bilancio, e la tendenziale parificazione tra cives e non cives alla luce del principi…

Revisiting Current Concepts on the Tolerogenicity of Steady-State Dendritic Cell Subsets and Their Maturation Stages

2021

Abstract The original concept stated that immature dendritic cells (DC) act tolerogenically whereas mature DC behave strictly immunogenically. Meanwhile, it is also accepted that phenotypically mature stages of all conventional DC subsets can promote tolerance as steady-state migratory DC by transporting self-antigens to lymph nodes to exert unique functions on regulatory T cells. We propose that in vivo 1) there is little evidence for a tolerogenic function of immature DC during steady state such as CD4 T cell anergy induction, 2) all tolerance as steady-state migratory DC undergo common as well as subset-specific molecular changes, and 3) these changes differ by quantitative and qualitati…

Mast cells are crucial for early inflammation, migration of Langerhans cells, and CTL responses following topical application of TLR7 ligand in mice.

2007

Abstract Until recently, IgE-activated mast cells have been regarded merely as effector cells of adaptive immune responses, involved in allergic reactions and mucosal immunity to parasites. Herein, we report that murine dermal mast cells, activated by local administration of a cream containing the synthetic TLR7 ligand imiquimod, are essential to initiate an early inflammatory reaction. The mast-cell–derived cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β play an important role in this process. Furthermore, TLR7-activated mast cells are also able to promote the emigration of Langerhans cells, which partly depends on the expression of mast-cell–derived IL-1β. We have previously shown that TLR7 ligation enhances t…

Mast Cells Are Key Promoters of Contact Allergy that Mediate the Adjuvant Effects of Haptens

2011

SummaryA prominent feature of sensitizing environmental compounds that cause allergic contact dermatitis is the rapid induction of an innate inflammatory response that seems to provide danger signals for efficient T cell priming. We generated mouse models of mast cell deficiency, mast cell-specific gene inactivation, and mast cell reporter mice for intravital imaging and showed that these adjuvant effects of contact allergens are mediated by mast cells and histamine. Mast cell deficiency resulted in impaired emigration of skin DCs to the lymph node and contact hypersensitivity was dramatically reduced in the absence of mast cells. In addition, mast cell-specific inactivation of the Il10 gen…

Plant virus cell-to-cell movement is not dependent on the transmembrane disposition of its movement protein

2009

ABSTRACT The cell-to-cell transport of plant viruses depends on one or more virus-encoded movement proteins (MPs). Some MPs are integral membrane proteins that interact with the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum, but a detailed understanding of the interaction between MPs and biological membranes has been lacking. The cell-to-cell movement of the Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) is facilitated by a single MP of the 30K superfamily. Here, using a myriad of biochemical and biophysical approaches, we show that the PNRSV MP contains only one hydrophobic region (HR) that interacts with the membrane interface, as opposed to being a transmembrane protein. We also show that a proline resi…

Complement components in relation to macrophage function

1983

Mechanisms underlying lineage commitment and plasticity of human γδ T cells.

2012

Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity are the hallmarks of effector and memory T cells. Upon antigen stimulation, γδ T cells differentiate into two major types of memory T cells: central memory cells, which patrol the blood and secondary lymphoid organs, and effector memory cells, which migrate to peripheral tissues. γδ T cells display in vitro a certain degree of plasticity in their function that is reminiscent of that which is observed in conventional CD4 T cells. Similar to CD4 T cells, in which a plethora of specialized subsets affect the host response, γδ T cells may readily and rapidly assume distinct Th1-, Th2-, Th17-, T(FH) and T regulatory-like effector functions, suggesting that…