Search results for "Musculoskeletal"
showing 10 items of 1714 documents
Fractal analyses reveal independent complexity and predictability of gait
2017
Locomotion is a natural task that has been assessed since decades and used as a proxy to highlight impairments of various origins. Most studies adopted classical linear analyses of spatio-temporal gait parameters. Here, we use more advanced, yet not less practical, non-linear techniques to analyse gait time series of healthy subjects. We aimed at finding more sensitive indexes related to spatio-temporal gait parameters than those previously used, with the hope to better identify abnormal locomotion. We analysed large-scale stride interval time series and mean step width in 34 participants while altering walking direction (forward vs. backward walking) and with or without galvanic vestibular…
Aquatic cycling-What do we know? A scoping review on head-out aquatic cycling
2017
Over the past few years, aquatic cycling has become a trending fitness activity. However, the literature has not been reviewed exhaustively. Therefore, using scoping review methodology, the aim of this review was to explore the current state of the literature concerning aquatic cycling. This study specifically focused on study designs, populations and outcomes. A comprehensive search of seven databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Cinahl, Embase, PEDro, Web of Science, WorldCat) was conducted up to 30th September 2016. GoogleScholar, World Cat, ResearchGate, specific aquatic therapy websites and aquatic therapy journals were searched to identify additional literature. Full-text publications in English…
Actual and perceived motor competence: Are children accurate in their perceptions?
2020
The aims of this study were (1) to investigate whether 6−7-year-old children are accurate in perceiving their actual movement competence, and (2) to examine possible age- and gender-related differences. A total of 603 children (301 girls and 302 boys, aged 6 to 7 years) were assessed on the execution accuracy of six locomotor skills and six object control skills using the Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2). The perceived competence of the same skills, plus six active play activities, was also gauged through the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Movement Skill Competence (PMSC-2). The factorial validity of the TGMD-2 and PMSC-2 scales was preliminarily ascertained using a Bayesian structura…
Subthreshold oscillation of the membrane potential in magnocellular neurones of the rat supraoptic nucleus
2000
The hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) contains two major populations of magnocellular neurosecretory neurones, producing and secreting vasopressin and oxytocin, respectively (for review see Poulain & Wakerley 1982). Neurones of a subpopulation of supraoptic neurosecretory cells share the capability of generating phasic bursts of action potentials. In these neurones, action potentials are succeeded by a depolarizing afterpotential (DAP; Andrew, 1987; Armstrong et al. 1994; Li et al. 1995). Depending on the discharge frequency, DAPs summate, eventually resulting in the generation of a plateau potential that gives rise to the discharge of a long-lasting train of action potentials. Thus, DA…
Association ankle function and balance in community-dwelling older adults.
2021
Background and purpose Ankle function declines with age. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between ankle function and balance in older adults, with a focus on range of motion (ROM) and strength. Methods This was a cross-sectional study that included 88 healthy community-dwelling older adults. Ankle mobility was measured while bearing weight (lunge test) and not bearing weight. The plantar-flexor muscle strength was assessed using a hand-held dynamometer. Balance was measured in terms of dynamic balance and mobility (timed up and go test), monopodal and bipodal static balance with open and closed eyes (single-leg stand test and platform measures), and margins of…
Which functional tasks present the largest deficits for patients with total hip arthroplasty before and six months after surgery? A study of the time…
2021
Six to eight months after total hip arthroplasty, patients only attain 80% of the functional level of control groups. Understanding which functional tasks are most affected could help reduce this deficit by guiding rehabilitation towards them. The timed up-and-go test bundles multiple tasks together in one test and is a good indicator of a patient’s overall level of function. Previously, biomechanical analysis of its phases was used to identify specific functional deficits in pathological populations. To the best of our knowledge, this analysis has never been performed in patients who have undergone total hip arthroplasty. Seventy-one total hip arthroplasty patients performed an instrumente…
Discover cervical disc arthroplasty versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion in symptomatic cervical disc diseases: A meta-analysis.
2016
OBJECTIVE:Symptomatic cervical disc disease (SCDD) is a common degenerative disease, and Discover artificial cervical disc, a new-generation nonconstrained artificial disk, has been developed and performed gradually to treat it. We performed this meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety between Discover cervical disc arthroplasty (DCDA) and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for SCDD. METHODS:An exhaustive literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials that compared DCDA with ACDF for patients suffering SCDD. A random-effect model was used. Results were reported as standardized mean difference or risk …
Immediate effects of active versus passive scapular correction on pain and pressure pain threshold in patients with chronic neck pain.
2012
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of active vs passive scapular correction on pain and pressure pain threshold at the most symptomatic cervical segment in patients with chronic neck pain. METHODS: Twenty-three volunteers with chronic, idiopathic neck pain were recruited (age, 38.9 ± 14.4 years; sex [man/woman], 3/20; Neck Disability Index, 28.1% ± 9.9%). Subjects were randomly allocated to 2 groups: active scapular correction or passive scapular correction. Pressure pain threshold and pain intensity rated on a numerical rating scale during a posteroanterior glide over the most symptomatic cervical segment were measured before and immediately after the active…
Intrinsically determined cell death of developing cortical interneurons.
2009
The cell death of inhibitory neurons, which originate far from the cortical areas to which they migrate during embryonic development, is determined autonomously rather than by competition for trophic signals from other cell types. It has long been known that apoptosis, a form of programmed cell death, eliminates young cells from developing tissues. In the field of neurobiology, it is widely believed that developmental neuronal-cell death results from cellular competition for environmentally derived survival signals that selects for an optimally sized and properly wired population of neurons. This study of developmental cell death in the mouse cortex in vivo, in vitro and after transplantati…
Presence of atrial natriuretic factor in normal and hyperplastic human prostate and its relationship with oxytocin localisation
2003
In this work, we showed the presence of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in human prostate and compared its localisation in normal and hyperplastic conditions. ANF was localised in epithelial and stromal cells, being increased in hyperplasia, mainly in the stromal component. Moreover, we compared ANF and oxytocin positivity in the same glands, focusing on the possible relationship between the paracrine effects of these two hormones.