Search results for "NEUTROPHIL"
showing 10 items of 449 documents
NO Reduces PMN Adhesion to Human Vascular Endothelial Cells Due to Downregulation of ICAM-1 mRNA and Surface Expression
2000
Reperfusion damage is largely due to the adherence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to the endothelium initiated by adhesion molecule upregulation. The reduced endothelial nitric oxide release during ischemia may be involved in the upregulation of intercellular adhesion molecule 1. In this study, we tested if nitric oxide donors suppress polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence to activated endothelial cells by inhibition of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 surface expression. Confluent human umbilical vein endothelial cells were stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (300 U/mL) after preincubation with increasing concentrations of the nitric oxide donors CAS 1609 (0.005-5 mM/L) and 3…
Pleural Mesothelial Cells Express Both BLT2 and PPARα and Mount an Integrated Response to Pleural Leukotriene B4
2008
Abstract Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) plays a crucial role in the recruitment of neutrophils into the pleural space. We identified for the first time the mechanisms by which LTB4 interacts with mesothelial cells and recruits neutrophils in the pleural compartment. Primary pleural mesothelial cells express both the proinflammatory receptor for LTB4 BLT2, and the anti-inflammatory receptor for LTB4, PPARα. Parapneumonic pleural effusions highly increase BLT2 expression and, via BLT2 activation, increase the adhesion between mesothelial cells and neutrophils and the expression of ICAM-1 on mesothelial cells. The block of PPARα further increases both cell adhesion and ICAM-1 expression. BLT2 activatio…
Diabetes mellitus: Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) filtration parameters and PMN membrane fluidity after chemotactic activation
1999
Abstract The goal of this research was to determine leukocyte rheology at baseline and after chemotactic activation in type I and type II diabetics. In 19 normal subjects, 21 type I diabetics, and 16 type II diabetics at baseline and after in vitro chemotactic activation (prolonged for 5 and 15 minutes) with two stimulating agents (4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate [PMA] and N -formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine [fMLP]), we evaluated polymorphonuclear (PMN) filtration parameters (using a St. George filtrometer [Carri-Med, Dorking, UK] and considering the initial relative flow rate [IRFR] and the concentration of clogging particles [CP]) and PMN membrane fluidity (obtained by marking PMNs…
Induction of oxidative stress and human leukocyte/endothelial cell interactions in polycystic ovary syndrome patients with insulin resistance.
2011
Insulin resistance is a feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and is related to mitochondrial and endothelial function.We tested whether hyperandrogenic insulin-resistant women with PCOS, who have an increased risk of vascular disease, display impaired leukocyte-endothelium interactions, and mitochondrial dysfunction.This was a prospective controlled study conducted in an academic medical center.The study population consisted of 43 lean reproductive-age women with PCOS and 39 controls subjects.We evaluated anthropometric and metabolic parameters, adhesion molecules, and interactions between leukocytes and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mitochondrial function was studied by as…
Effects of metformin on mitochondrial function of leukocytes from polycystic ovary syndrome patients with insulin resistance.
2015
ObjectiveOxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The present study assesses the effect of metformin treatment on mitochondrial function in polymorphonuclear cells from PCOS subjects. Additionally, we evaluate endocrine parameters and levels of interleukin 6 (IL6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα).Design and methodsOur study population was comprised of 35 women of reproductive age diagnosed with PCOS and treated with metformin for 12 weeks, and their corresponding controls (n=41), adjusted by age and BMI. We evaluated the alteration of endocrinological and anthropometrical parameters and androgen levels. Mitochondrial O2 consum…
The value of neutrophil and lymphocyte count in frail older women.
2013
Increasing evidence suggests that systemic inflammation is associated with many pathophysiological processes including frailty in older adults. We evaluated the relationships between white blood cell subtypes, geriatric assessment, and frailty syndrome and in particular, how they correlate with individual frailty criteria (involuntary loss of weight, low energy or exhaustion, slow mobility, muscle weakness, and low physical activity) in frail older women. There was a significant and positive correlation between the frailty score and neutrophil count, but a significantly negative correlation was found when this score was compared to the lymphocyte count. These associations were significant o…
The atypical cannabinoid O-1602 protects against experimental colitis and inhibits neutrophil recruitment.
2011
Background: Cannabinoids are known to reduce intestinal inflammation. Atypical cannabinoids produce pharmacological effects via unidentified targets. We were interested in whether the atypical cannabinoid O-1602, reportedly an agonist of the putative cannabinoid receptor GPR55, reduces disease severity of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in C57BL/6N and CD1 mice. Methods: DSS (2.5% and 4%) was supplied in drinking water for 1 week while TNBS (4 mg) was applied as a single intrarectal bolus. Results: Both treatments caused severe colitis. Injection of O-1602 (5 mg/kg intraperitoneally) significantly reduced macroscopic and histological col…
β2 long-acting and anticholinergic drugs control TGF-β1-mediated neutrophilic inflammation in COPD
2012
AbstractWe quantified TGF-β1 and acetylcholine (ACh) concentrations in induced sputum supernatants (ISSs) from 18 healthy controls (HC), 22 healthy smokers (HS) and 21 COPDs. ISSs from HC, HS and COPD as well as rhTGF-β1 were also tested in neutrophil adhesion and in mAChR2, mAChR3 and ChAT expression experiments in human bronchial epithelial cells (16-HBE). Finally, we evaluated the effects of Olodaterol (a novel inhaled β2-adrenoceptor agonist) and Tiotropium Spiriva®, alone or in combination, on neutrophil adhesion and mAChRs and ChAT expression in stimulated 16-HBE. The results showed that 1) TGF-β1 and ACh concentrations are increased in ISSs from COPD in comparison to HC and HS, and T…
Effects of Parietaria judaica pollen extract on human microvascular endothelial cells
2008
Abstract Pollinosis from Parietaria judaica is one of the main causes of allergy in the Mediterranean area. The present study is designed to assess if P. judaica pollens contain bioactive compounds able to elicit a functional response in endothelial cells. We have demonstrated that addition of pollen extract to human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-L) induces a modification of cell morphology, actin cytoskeletal rearrangements and an increase in endothelial cell permeability. We further showed that the treatment of endothelial cells with pollen extract causes an increase of E-selectin and VCAM-1 protein levels as well as an increase of IL-8 production. The stimulation of cell–ce…
Dual role of interleukin-1alpha in delayed-type hypersensitivity and airway hyperresponsiveness.
2009
<i>Background:</i> Using a T helper (Th)1/Th2 disease model, we previously showed that genetically determined Th development depends on dendritic cell-derived interleukin (IL)-1α. In <i>Leishmania major</i> infections, Th1 immunity develops if IL-1α is present during T cell priming, whereas at later time points, IL-1α worsens disease outcome. In the present study, we determined the role of IL-1α in other Th2-mediated diseases. <i>Methods:</i> BALB/c mice were subjected to delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) or ovalbumin (OVA)/alum-induced allergic asthma in the presence or absence of IL-1α. <i>Results:</i> In DTH, mice treated with IL-1α durin…