Search results for "Names"

showing 10 items of 6843 documents

Approximate Osher–Solomon schemes for hyperbolic systems

2016

This paper is concerned with a new kind of Riemann solvers for hyperbolic systems, which can be applied both in the conservative and nonconservative cases. In particular, the proposed schemes constitute a simple version of the classical Osher-Solomon Riemann solver, and extend in some sense the schemes proposed in Dumbser and Toro (2011) 19,20. The viscosity matrix of the numerical flux is constructed as a linear combination of functional evaluations of the Jacobian of the flux at several quadrature points. Some families of functions have been proposed to this end: Chebyshev polynomials and rational-type functions. Our schemes have been tested with different initial value Riemann problems f…

Chebyshev polynomialsApplied MathematicsNumerical analysisMathematical analysis010103 numerical & computational mathematics01 natural sciencesRiemann solverEuler equations010101 applied mathematicsComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeRiemann hypothesisRiemann problemJacobian matrix and determinantsymbols0101 mathematicsShallow water equationsMathematicsApplied Mathematics and Computation
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Getting discriminant functions of antibacterial activity from physicochemical and topological parameters.

2001

Linear discriminant analysis has been demonstrated to be a very useful tool in the selection and design of new drugs. Up to now we have used it through the search of a topological pattern of activity. In this work our goal is to calculate a complete set of physicochemical parameters using semiempirical (quantum chemical) calculations as well as topological indices (TIs) and try to find out any discriminant function for antibacterial activity through the combined use of both types of descriptors. The physicochemical parameters, such as heat of formation, HOMO, LUMO, dipole moment, polarizability, hyperpolarizability, PM3 generated IR vibrational frequencies, etc., were calculated using PM3 H…

Chemical PhenomenaChemistry PhysicalHyperpolarizabilityDiscriminant AnalysisGeneral ChemistryLinear discriminant analysisTopologyComputer Science ApplicationsMaxima and minimasymbols.namesakeComputational Theory and MathematicsDiscriminantAnti-Infective AgentsPolarizabilityDrug DesignPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClusterssymbolsRegression AnalysisHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)HOMO/LUMOTopological quantum numberInformation SystemsMathematicsJournal of chemical information and computer sciences
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Electronic Structure and Bonding of Icosahedral Core–Shell Gold–Silver Nanoalloy Clusters Au144–xAgx(SR)60

2011

Atomically precise thiolate-stabilized gold nanoclusters are currently of interest for many cross-disciplinary applications in chemistry, physics and molecular biology. Very recently, synthesis and electronic properties of "nanoalloy" clusters Au_(144-x)Ag_x(SR)_60 were reported. Here, density functional theory is used for electronic structure and bonding in Au_(144-x)Ag_x(SR)_60 based on a structural model of the icosahedral Au_144(SR)_60 that features a 114-atom metal core with 60 symmetry-equivalent surface sites, and a protecting layer of 30 RSAuSR units. In the optimal configuration the 60 surface sites of the core are occupied by silver in Au_84Ag_60(SR)_60. Silver enhances the electr…

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Condensed Matter - Materials ScienceAbsorption spectroscopyIcosahedral symmetryFermi levelSuperatomElectron shellMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)FOS: Physical sciencesElectronic structureNanoclustersCrystallographysymbols.namesakePhysics - Chemical PhysicssymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceDensity functional theoryPhysics - Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
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Flows and mixing in channels with misaligned superhydrophobic walls.

2014

Aligned superhydrophobic surfaces with the same texture orientation reduce drag in the channel and generate secondary flows transverse to the direction of the applied pressure gradient. Here we show that a transverse shear can be easily generated by using superhydrophobic channels with misaligned textured surfaces. We propose a general theoretical approach to quantify this transverse flow by introducing the concept of an effective shear tensor. To illustrate its use, we present approximate theoretical solutions and Dissipative Particle Dynamics simulations for striped superhydrophobic channels. Our results demonstrate that the transverse shear leads to complex flow patterns, which provide a…

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Materials scienceDissipative particle dynamicsFluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)Reynolds numberFOS: Physical sciencesPhysics - Fluid DynamicsMechanicsCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterFluid transportVortexPhysics::Fluid DynamicsTransverse planesymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsShear (geology)DragPhysics - Chemical PhysicssymbolsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Pressure gradientPhysical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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Coupled-cluster theory for atoms and molecules in strong magnetic fields

2015

An implementation of coupled-cluster (CC) theory to treat atoms and molecules in finite magnetic fields is presented. The main challenges for the implementation stem from the magnetic-field dependence in the Hamiltonian, or, more precisely, the appearance of the angular momentum operator, due to which the wave function becomes complex and which introduces a gauge-origin dependence. For this reason, an implementation of a complex CC code is required together with the use of gauge-including atomic orbitals to ensure gauge-origin independence. Results of coupled-cluster singles-doubles-perturbative-triples (CCSD(T)) calculations are presented for atoms and molecules with a focus on the depende…

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Physics010304 chemical physicsAtoms in moleculesBinding energyFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and Astronomy01 natural sciencesMagnetic fieldsymbols.namesakeCoupled clusterAtomic orbitalPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencessymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsAngular momentum operator010306 general physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)The Journal of Chemical Physics
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Rayleigh scattering of linear alkylbenzene in large liquid scintillator detectors.

2015

Rayleigh scattering poses an intrinsic limit for the transparency of organic liquid scintillators. This work focuses on the Rayleigh scattering length of linear alkylbenzene (LAB), which will be used as the solvent of the liquid scintillator in the central detector of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory. We investigate the anisotropy of the Rayleigh scattering in LAB, showing that the resulting Rayleigh scattering length will be significantly shorter than reported before. Given the same overall light attenuation, this will result in a more efficient transmission of photons through the scintillator, increasing the amount of light collected by the photosensors and thereby the energy…

Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryAttenuationDetectorFOS: Physical sciencesPhotodetectorScattering lengthInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)ScintillatorHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentPhysics::Fluid DynamicsHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)symbols.namesakeOpticsPhysics - Chemical PhysicsScintillation countersymbolsRayleigh scatteringbusinessInstrumentationJiangmen Underground Neutrino ObservatoryThe Review of scientific instruments
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Electric field enhanced water dissociation at the bipolar membrane junction from ac impedance spectra measurements

1998

Abstract Preliminary experimental results of the ac impedance spectra of a bipolar ion-exchange membrane are reported and interpreted on the basis of a previous theoretical model based on the Nernst–Planck/Poisson equations. It is shown that the experiments can provide valuable electrochemical information about the bipolar junction structure and the electric-field enhanced water dissociation phenomenon that occurs at this junction, although the high number of unknown parameters involved makes it difficult to obtain accurate values for the parameters characteristic of this phenomenon.

Chemical dissociationChemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringAnalytical chemistryElectrochemistryMolecular physicsDissociation (chemistry)Analytical Chemistrysymbols.namesakeMembraneElectric fieldAc impedance spectraElectrochemistrysymbolsNernst equationElectrical impedanceJournal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
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3D spectral imaging with synchrotron Fourier transform infrared spectro-microtomography

2013

We report Fourier transform infrared spectro-microtomography, a nondestructive three-dimensional imaging approach that reveals the distribution of distinctive chemical compositions throughout an intact biological or materials sample. The method combines mid-infrared absorption contrast with computed tomographic data acquisition and reconstruction to enhance chemical and morphological localization by determining a complete infrared spectrum for every voxel (millions of spectra determined per sample).

Chemical imagingmedicine.medical_specialtyMaterials scienceInfrared spectroscopyBiochemistryFourier transform spectroscopyPhysics::GeophysicsMicesymbols.namesakeImaging Three-DimensionalOpticsSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredMicroscopyImage Processing Computer-AssistedmedicineAnimalsHumansFourier transform infrared spectroscopyMolecular BiologyEmbryonic Stem Cellsbusiness.industryX-Ray MicrotomographyCell BiologyWoodSpectral imagingPopulusFourier transformsymbolsbusinessChemical fingerprintingSynchrotronsHairBiotechnologyNature Methods
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Fourier transform nmr investigations of organotin compounds

1980

Abstract NMR spectra have been obtained for fiteen title compounds, mainly with R = Me. Tin chemical shifts were found to lie within the expected ranges, but to vary little with R or, apparently, with change in ring size. While the magnitute of 1 (SnSe) was as predicted, the of 1 (SnTe) was more than twice as large as that previously observed for (Me 3 Sn) 2 Te. In compounds Me 6 Sn( 3 X 3 , 2 J(SnMSn) varied systematically with variations in x, but within relatively narrow limits (195-250 Hz); a much more drastic variation was observed for Me 6 Sn 3 X 2 , possibly due to bond angle changes at Sn and X.

Chemical shiftOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementBiochemistryInorganic ChemistryRing sizeNMR spectra databasesymbols.namesakeMolecular geometryFourier transformchemistryMaterials ChemistrysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTinJournal of Organometallic Chemistry
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Chemical modification of carbon nanomaterials (SWCNTs, DWCNTs, MWCNTs and SWCNHs) with diphenyl dichalcogenides

2015

Control over chemical functionalization is a crucial point in the field of nanotechnology. Herein, we present the covalent functionalization of several carbon nanoforms (single-walled carbon nanotubes, double-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and carbon nanohorns) by means of diphenyl dichalcogenides. These ones show different reactivity to the nanomaterials and are able to modify their electronic properties depending on the electronegativity of the functionalizing heteroatom. Theoretical calculations were also performed to support the experimental results. All the modified structured nanocarbons were thoroughly characterized by TGA Raman, XPS, UV/Vis/nIR, IR and TEM te…

Chemical substanceMaterials scienceHeteroatomCarbon nanohornSelective chemistry of single-walled nanotubeschemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologyCarbon nanotubeCarbon nanotubelaw.inventionNanomaterialschalcogenidesymbols.namesakeSWCNTlawGeneral Materials ScienceReactivity (chemistry)Raman spectroscopy XPS spectroscopyCarbon nanomaterials; chemical modificationSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaCarbon nanomaterialchemistrysymbolsfunctionalizationCarbon nanomaterialsChemical functionalizationRaman spectroscopychemical modificationCarbon
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