Search results for "NeuroD"
showing 10 items of 604 documents
Exercise as therapy for neurodevelopmental and cognitive dysfunction in people with a Fontan circulation: A narrative review
2023
People with a Fontan circulation are at risk of neurodevelopmental delay and disability, and cognitive dysfunction, that has significant implications for academic and occupational attainment, psychosocial functioning, and overall quality of life. Interventions for improving these outcomes are lacking. This review article discusses current intervention practices and explores the evidence supporting exercise as a potential intervention for improving cognitive functioning in people living with a Fontan circulation. Proposed pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning these associations are discussed in the context of Fontan physiology and avenues for future research are recommended.
Characteristics of Bipolar Patients with Cognitive Impairment of Suspected Neurodegenerative Origin: A Multicenter Cohort
2021
Bipolar disorder is associated with an increased risk of dementia with aging. Little is known regarding this association, limiting appropriate diagnosis and management. We aimed to describe the characteristics of bipolar patients with late cognitive impairment for whom the hypothesis of an underlying neurodegenerative disease had been raised. We performed a retrospective multicenter study, recruiting bipolar patients over 50 years old from five French tertiary memory centers who had undergone cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker assessment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Clinical, neuropsychological, and paraclinical characteristics were analyzed and 78 patients were included. The mean age at …
Deregulated Splicing Is a Major Mechanism of RNA-Induced Toxicity in Huntington's Disease.
2019
Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the huntingtin (HTT) gene, translating into an elongated polyglutamine stretch. In addition to the neurotoxic mutant HTT protein, the mutant CAG repeat RNA can exert toxic functions by trapping RNA-binding proteins. While few examples of proteins that aberrantly bind to mutant HTT RNA and execute abnormal function in conjunction with the CAG repeat RNA have been described, an unbiased approach to identify the interactome of mutant HTT RNA is missing. Here, we describe the analysis of proteins that preferentially bind mutant HTT RNA using a mass spectrometry approach. We show that (I) the majority of proteins captured by mutant…
Role of Adenosine Receptors in Rare Neurodegenerative Diseases with Motor Symptoms
2021
: The approval of istradefylline, an adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) antagonist, as an addon treatment in adult patients with Parkinson’s disease by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA), is the latest proof of the importance of the adenosinergic system in the nervous system. Adenosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside with a role as a modulator of both neurotransmission and the inflammatory response. As such, the expression pattern of the 4 adenosine receptors (A1R, A2AR, A2BR and A3R) and the extracellular adenosine levels have attracted great interest in the pathogenesis and possible treatment of rare neurodegenerative diseases with motor symptoms. The…
Downregulation of the Astroglial Connexin Expression and Neurodegeneration after Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus
2022
Astrocytic networks and gap junctional communication mediated by connexins (Cxs) have been repeatedly implicated in seizures, epileptogenesis, and epilepsy. However, the effect of seizures on Cx expression is controversial. The present study focused on the response of Cxs to status epilepticus (SE), which is in turn an epileptogenic insult. The expression of neuronal Cx36 and astrocytic Cx30 and Cx43 mRNAs was investigated in the brain of rats in the first day after pilocarpine-induced SE. In situ hybridization revealed a progressive decrease in Cx43 and Cx30 mRNA levels, significantly marked 24 h after SE onset in neocortical areas and the hippocampus, and in most thalamic domains, whereas…
Transgenic overexpression of corticotropin releasing hormone provides partial protection against neurodegeneration in an in vivo model of acute excit…
2008
Abstract Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) is the central modulator of the mammalian hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. In addition, CRH affects other processes in the brain including learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity. Moreover, CRH has been shown to play a role in nerve cell survival under apoptotic conditions and to serve as an endogenous neuroprotectant in vitro . Employing mice overexpressing murine CRH in the CNS, we observed a differential response of CRH-overexpressing mice (CRH-COE hom -Nes) to acute excitotoxic stress induced by kainate compared with controls (CRH-COE con -Nes). Interestingly, CRH-overexpression reduced the duration of epileptic seizures and pre…
Papel de las Membranas Asociadas a Retículo Endoplasmático y Mitocondria (MAMs) en la fisiopatología celular de la Ataxia de Friedreich y su relevanc…
2022
Calcium (Ca2+) is involved in different cellular functions and signaling pathways, mediating between extracellular and intracellular signals. MAMs (Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria associated membranes) are specific close appositions formed by the physical interaction of the ER and the mitochondria, thus regulating the main intracellular Ca2+ flux by means of the communication between the two compartments. This is fundamental to maintain cell function and so it has been proposed as a common mechanism in neurodegeneration. Friedreich's Ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder in which patients show reduced levels of frataxin (FXN), a protein fundamentally associat…
Implicación de la zona subventricular en la progresión de discapacidad en esclerosis múltiple
2019
Introducción: En la esclerosis múltiple (EM) coexisten mecanismos patogénicos derivados de procesos inflamatorios, degenerativos y fallos en la reparación del sistema nervioso central. Existen dos periodos clínicos definidos, el primero dominado por los brotes, denominado “forma remitente recurrente (RR)” y el segundo, por progresión de discapacidad independiente de brotes, “forma progresiva (EMP, SP)”. El proceso neurodegenerativo subyacente a la EMP está presente desde el inicio pero se pone de manifiesto tardíamente, tras agotarse la reserva funcional capaz de compensar el déficit inicial. Es primordial identificar biomarcadores para el diagnóstico precoz de la EMP ya que los tratamiento…
Therapeutic Benefits of Music-Based Synchronous Finger Tapping In Parkinson’s Disease – an fNIRS Study Protocol for Randomized Controlled Trial in Da…
2020
Abstract Background: Music therapy improves neuronal activity and connectivity of healthy persons and patients with clinical symptoms of neurological diseases like Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, and Major Depression. Despite the plethora of publications that have reported the positive effects of music interventions, little is known about how music improves neuronal activity and connectivity in afflicted patients.Methods: For patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease (PD), we propose a daily 25-minute music-based synchronous finger tapping (SFT) intervention for 8-weeks. Eligible participants with PD are split into two groups: an intervention group and a control arm. In addition…
El papel del ejercicio físico en la inducción de BDNF y sus vías de señalización en el sistema nervioso central. Aplicación neurobiológica en modelos…
2014
La actividad física previene numerosas patologías y mejora muchos rasgos fisiopatológicos en diferentes enfermedades. El ejercicio ha sido asociado clásicamente con beneficios en desórdenes musculares y metabólicos. Sin embargo, los efectos del ejercicio en la función cerebral, especialidad conocida como “Neurobiología del ejercicio”, han cobrado gran importancia en los últimos años. Los efectos beneficiosos del ejercicio físico han sido establecidos en muchas enfermedades tales como la enfermedad de Alzheimer, el Parkinson, la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica, la esquizofrenia, el trastorno bipolar y los trastornos depresivos, entre otros. Estos hallazgos han llevado a utilizar el ejercicio …