Search results for "Neurobiology"
showing 10 items of 125 documents
Biallelic mutations in neurofascin cause neurodevelopmental impairment and peripheral demyelination
2019
See Karakaya and Wirth (doi:10.1093/brain/awz273) for a scientific commentary on this article. Neurofascin (NFASC) isoforms are immunoglobulin cell adhesion molecules involved in node of Ranvier assembly. Efthymiou et al. identify biallelic NFASC variants in ten unrelated patients with a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by variable degrees of central and peripheral involvement. Abnormal expression of Nfasc155 is accompanied by severe loss of myelinated fibres.
Neural stem cells in the adult olfactory bulb core generate mature neurons in vivo.
2021
17 páginas, 7 figuras.
''Circulating and Brain BDNF Levels in Stroke Rats. Relevance to Clinical Studies''
2011
International audience; ''Background: Whereas brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels are measured in the brain in animal models of stroke, neurotrophin levels in stroke patients are measured in plasma or serum samples. The present study was designed to investigate the meaning of circulating BDNF levels in stroke patients. Methods and Results: Unilateral ischemic stroke was induced in rats by the injection of various numbers of microspheres into the carotid circulation in order to mimic the different degrees of stroke severity observed in stroke patients. Blood was serially collected from the jugular vein before and after (4 h, 24 h and 8 d) embolization and the whole brains were co…
Use of two odorants to control bactrocera oleae and ceratitis capitata
2020
International audience; Many insects are considered as pests because of the damage they cause to cultures. Growers and our society are waiting for environmentally safe strategies to prevent insect damages, without arming the environment and the biodiversity. Recently we discovered an innovative solution using some odorant molecules to control Drosophila suzukii behavior. Using this knowledge we started to investigate the possibility to apply this strategy to Bactrocera oleae (olive fruit fly) and Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) to modify their social behavior. This new technology, which is protected by the patent n° EP19306102, could be particularly interesting to avoid infesta…
Role of acetaldehyde in alcohol addiction: current evidence and future perspectives
2011
The effects of alcohol have been widely studied during the past century, corroborating the idea that this tiny chemical compound acts throughout most of our neurotransmitter systems since it is capable of inducing addictive behaviour. Two of the most serious problems of alcohol addiction are craving and relapse; several studies have demonstrated that relapse is related to the anxious state which occurs during withdrawal, and it has been proved that this behavioural modifications results from an alteration of the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems. An important role in the neurobiology of alcohol addiction is played by acetaldehyde (ACD), ethanol first metabolite. Our recent studies indee…
Quantum Stochastic Resonance in a Micromaser
1998
We demonstrate that quantum stochastic resonance allows for the noise-controlled synchronization of quantum jumps between the metastable states of the quantized radiation field in a micromaser. Under readily accessible experimental conditions optimal synchronization is achieved at a finite temperature $T\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}500\mathrm{mK}$ of the environment.
The burden of mood-disorder/cerebrovascular disease comorbidity: essential neurobiology, psychopharmacology, and physical activity interventions
2017
Cardio-vascular diseases (CVDs) and CVD-related disorders (including cerebrovascular diseases; CBVDs) are a major public health concern as they represent the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developed countries. Patients with CVDs and CBVDs co-morbid with mood disorders, especially bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), suffer reduced quality-of-life and significant disability adjusted for years of life and mortality. The relationship between CVDs/CBVDs and mood disorders is likely to be bidirectional. Evidence for shared genetic risk of pathways involved in stress reaction, serotonin or dopamine signalling, circadian rhythms, and energy balance was reported i…
Chapter 8 Nicotinic receptors of the vertebrate CNS: introductory remarks
1996
Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the nicotinic receptors of the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). In vertebrates, nicotinic cholinergic neurotransmission is found in both the CNS and the periphery (muscle endplate). Although muscle and neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) have evolved from a common ancestor, it is striking that the muscle receptor has remained rather stable in evolution, whereas the neuronal receptor has evolved to a wide diversity of subtypes. As an attractive hypothesis, neurotransmitters and neurohormones may not only interact with their archetypic cognate receptors but also with other neuroreceptor, albeit in a modulatory fashion. By modula…
Increased amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus activation in schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucinations: An fMRI study using independent compo…
2010
Objective: Hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia have strong emotional connotations. Functional neuroimaging techniques have been widely used to study brain activity in patients with schizophrenia with hallucinations or emotional impairments. However, few of these Studies have investigated the association between hallucinations and emotional dysfunctions using an emotional auditory paradigm. Independent component analysis (ICA) is an analysis method that is especially useful for decomposing activation during complex cognitive tasks in which multiple operations occur simultaneously. Our aim in this Study is to analyze brain activation after the presentation of emotional auditory stim…
Proposition d’un projet pédagogique en vue de l’insertion professionnelle des Docteurs des Universités Européennes. Exemple de transferts de Technolo…
2003
International audience