Search results for "Node"

showing 10 items of 1701 documents

Technology Impact on Neutron-Induced Effects in SDRAMs : A Comparative Study

2021

International audience; This study analyses the response of synchronous dynamic random access memories to neutron irradiation. Three different generations of the same device with different node sizes (63, 72, and 110 nm) were characterized under an atmospheric-like neutron spectrum at the ChipIr beamline in the Rutherford Appleton Laboratories, UK. The memories were tested with a reduced refresh rate to expose more single-event upsets and under similar conditions provided by a board specifically developed for this type of study in test facilities. The board has also been designed to be used as a nanosatellite payload in order to perform similar tests. The neutron-induced failures were studi…

NeutronsComputer sciencePayloadkäyttömuistitStuck Bitsneutronitmuistit (tietotekniikka)Technology impactSEERefresh rate[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsRadiation EffectsBeamlinesäteilyfysiikkaNeutronNode (circuits)[INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems[SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsSDRAMNeutron irradiationSimulationRandom accessavaruustekniikka
researchProduct

Quartz Crystal Microbalance And Electrical Impedance Characterization Of Nickel Dissolution Process.

2005

Abstract. The anodic nickel dissolution in acid media is analysed by means of EQCM and EIS techniques. The experimental impedance spectra have been fitted to the equivalent circuit which corresponds to two consecutive electron transfers followed by a Ni(II) desorption. That way rate constants and surface concentrations of the Ni(0) and Ni(I) species are obtained. EQCM also provides information about the mechanism of deposition and passivation of nickel as well as the hydrogen evolution.

NickelMaterials scienceReaction rate constantchemistryPassivationDesorptionInorganic chemistryAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementQuartz crystal microbalanceDissolutionDeposition (law)Anode
researchProduct

Electric field manipulation in Al/CdTe/Pt detectors under optical perturbations

2017

Abstract Al/CdTe/Pt detectors are very attractive devices for high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy, even though they suffer from polarization phenomena, which cause a progressive time degradation of the spectroscopic performance. In this work we investigated on the time dependence of the electric field of an Al/CdTe/Pt detector under optical perturbation by means of Pockels effect measurements. A tunable laser with wavelengths ranging within 700−1000 nm and a 940 nm light emitting diode (LED) were used. The measurements of both the electric field profile and the total current were used to better understand the effects of the optical perturbation on polarization phenomena. The results point ou…

Nuclear and High Energy Physics02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesInduced polarizationlaw.inventionCdTe detectorX-ray and gamma ray spectroscopylawPolarizationElectric fieldElectric field0103 physical sciencesInstrumentationNuclear and High Energy Physic010302 applied physicsPhysicsbusiness.industrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleBiasing021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Pockels effectAnodeWavelengthOptoelectronicsInfrared illumination0210 nano-technologybusinessPockels effectTunable laserLight-emitting diodeNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
researchProduct

Multi-technique characterization of gold electroplating on silver substrates for cultural heritage applications

2017

Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Accelerators in Applied Research and Technology (ECAART12).-- et al.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceEffective densityXRFEnergy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy02 engineering and technologyengineering.material01 natural sciencesElectrodepositionCoatingSputteringSEM-EDXHomogeneity (physics)Gilded silverElectroplatingInstrumentationRBS010401 analytical chemistryMetallurgy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesAnodeengineering0210 nano-technologyVoltageNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
researchProduct

Recent advances in the development of high-resolution 3D cadmium-zinc-telluride drift strip detectors.

2020

In the last two decades, great efforts have been made in the development of 3D cadmium–zinc–telluride (CZT) detectors operating at room temperature for gamma-ray spectroscopic imaging. This work presents the spectroscopic performance of new high-resolution CZT drift strip detectors, recently developed at IMEM-CNR of Parma (Italy) in collaboration with due2lab (Italy). The detectors (19.4 mm × 19.4 mm × 6 mm) are organized into collecting anode strips (pitch of 1.6 mm) and drift strips (pitch of 0.4 mm) which are negatively biased to optimize electron charge collection. The cathode is divided into strips orthogonal to the anode strips with a pitch of 2 mm. Dedicated pulse processing analysis…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors030303 biophysics3D CdZnTe detectorsSTRIPS01 natural sciencesElectric chargelaw.invention03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compounddrift strip detectorslaw0103 physical sciencesInstrumentation0303 health sciencesRadiation010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorElectrostatic inductionSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)CathodeCadmium zinc tellurideAnodeFull width at half maximumX-ray and gamma-ray detectorschemistryX-ray and gamma-ray detectors; 3D CdZnTe detectors; drift strip detectors; spectroscopic X-ray and gamma-ray imagingOptoelectronicsbusinessspectroscopic X-ray and gamma-ray imagingJournal of synchrotron radiation
researchProduct

CEMS of insulators by use of gas-flow counters

1994

Gas-flow CEMS counters are usually designed in such a manner that the sample to be investigated is inserted into the counter and serves as the backing cathode. If the sample consists of an insulating material, serious problems are expected by charging-up effects similar to those appearing in Maze counters. These problems are discussed in detail. It could be shown by experiments with glass samples that their very low surface conductivity is sufficient to allow a defined operation of such gas-flow CEMS detectors. The electric field strength between the surface of the sample and the anode has to be equal or higher than that between the entrance window and the anode. This can be ensured by an a…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencebusiness.industrySample (material)DetectorAnalytical chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCathodelaw.inventionAnodeSurface conductivitylawElectric fieldOptoelectronicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrybusinessVoltage dropVoltageHyperfine Interactions
researchProduct

Design and construction of the fast photon detection system for COMPASS RICH-1

2010

International audience; New photon detectors, based on the use of multi-anode photo-multiplier tubes coupled to individual lens telescopes and read out with a dedicated read-out electronics system, equip the central region of the Cherenkov imaging counter RICH-1 of the COMPASS experiment at CERN SPS. They are characterised by high photon yield, fast response and high rate capability and are successfully in operation since the 2006 COMPASS data taking. The photon detection system fully matches the expected performance. The design and construction of the photon detectors are described in detail.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotomultiplierPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsMulti-anode photo-multiplier[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]COMPASS01 natural sciencesParticle identificationlaw.inventionOpticsParticle identification; COMPASS; RICH; Multi-anode photo-multiplier; Quartz lens telescopelawCompass0103 physical sciencesCOMPASS experimentAngular resolutionElectronics010306 general physicsRICHInstrumentationCherenkov radiationPhysicsLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryQuartz lens telescopeLens (optics)High Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
researchProduct

Particle identification with the fast COMPASS RICH-1 detector

2009

International audience; A new photon detection system for the COMPASS RICH-1 detector has been designed and installed. In the central region, the project is based on multi-anode photo-multiplier technology accompanied by charge sensitive, high resolution and dead-time free time digitization. In the outer area, only the readout electronics for the existing photon detectors has been replaced. Details on the detector upgrade and its performance are presented.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPhoton detectorMulti-anode photo-multiplierComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONHigh resolution[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesCOMPASSParticle identificationTDCParticle identificationOpticsCompass0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsInstrumentationRICHPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorCharge (physics)Front-end electronicsUpgradeCOMPASS; RICH; Multi-anode photo-multiplier; Particle identification; Front-end electronics; TDCHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessPhoton detectionFront-end electronic
researchProduct

Development of new CdZnTe detectors for room-temperature high-flux radiation measurements

2017

Recently, CdZnTe (CZT) detectors have been widely proposed and developed for room-temperature X-ray spectroscopy even at high fluxes, and great efforts have been made on both the device and the crystal growth technologies. In this work, the performance of new travelling-heater-method (THM)-grown CZT detectors, recently developed at IMEM-CNR Parma, Italy, is presented. Thick planar detectors (3 mm thick) with gold electroless contacts were realised, with a planar cathode covering the detector surface (4.1 mm × 4.1 mm) and a central anode (2 mm × 2 mm) surrounded by a guard-ring electrode. The detectors, characterized by low leakage currents at room temperature (4.7 nA cm−2 at 1000 V cm−1), a…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPreamplifier02 engineering and technologydigital pulse shape analysiRadiation01 natural scienceslaw.inventionPlanarOpticstravelling heater methodlaw0103 physical scienceshigh fluxInstrumentationenergy-resolved photon-counting detectorsNuclear and High Energy PhysicPhysicsRadiationdigital pulse shape analysis010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryCdZnTe detectorsCdZnTe detectorDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleX-ray and γ-ray detectorenergy-resolved photon-counting detector021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCathodeSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Anodegold electroless contactFull width at half maximumX-ray and -ray detectors0210 nano-technologybusinessVoltage
researchProduct

Electrical properties of Au/CdZnTe/Au detectors grown by the boron oxide encapsulated Vertical Bridgman technique

2016

Abstract In this work we report on the results of electrical characterization of new CdZnTe detectors grown by the Boron oxide encapsulated Vertical Bridgman technique (B-VB), currently produced at IMEM-CNR (Parma, Italy). The detectors, with gold electroless contacts, have different thicknesses (1 and 2.5 mm) and the same electrode layout, characterized by a central anode surrounded by a guard-ring electrode. Investigations on the charge transport mechanisms and the electrical contact properties, through the modeling of the measured current–voltage ( I – V ) curves, were performed. Generally, the detectors are characterized by low leakage currents at high bias voltages even at room tempera…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsTraveling heater method electrical propertie02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesBoron oxide encapsulated Vertical Bridgman techniqueTraveling heater methodElectrical resistivity and conductivity0103 physical sciencesInstrumentationDeposition (law)010302 applied physicsPhysicsInterfacial layer-thermionic-diffusionbusiness.industryCdZnTe detectorsCdZnTe detectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleBiasing021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Electrical contactsAnodeBoron oxideelectrical propertiesElectrodeOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessVoltageNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
researchProduct