Search results for "Norm"
showing 10 items of 4018 documents
Normal values of M mode echocardiographic measurements of more than 2000 healthy infants and children in central Europe
2000
OBJECTIVE—To obtain normal M mode (one dimensional) echocardiographic values in a substantial sample of normal infants and children. DESIGN—Data were obtained over three years from a single centre in central Europe. PATIENTS—2036 healthy infants and children aged one day to 18 years. METHODS—In line with recommendations for standardising measurements from M mode echocardiograms, and using digital echocardiographic equipment, measurements were obtained of the following: right ventricular anterior wall thickness at end diastole, right ventricular end diastolic dimension, thickness of interventricular septum at end diastole and end systole, thickness of posterior wall of the left ventricle at …
A New Evaluation of Emergency Methods for Artificial Ventilation
1968
SUMMARY The effect of artificial ventilation by the exhaled-air methods (mouth-to-nose and mouth-to-mouth) and chest-pressure-arm-lift methods (Ho-ward-Thomsen, Silvester-Brosch, Holger Nielsen) was investigated in 11 anaesthetised apnoeic volunteers. The efficiency of these methods was assessed by the changes in arterial PO2, O2 saturation, PCO2 and pH. It could be shown that the exhaled-air methods ensured normal PO2 and O2 saturation in all cases, while the ventilation by the manual methods was insufficient. Even though normal oxygenation was achieved by the manual methods in some cases, others were extremely hypoventilated, with critically low O2 tensions. pH and CO2 tensions did not ch…
The pancreatic beta-cell response to intravenous administration of glucose in elderly subjects.
1970
A study was made of the serum insulin level after the intravenous administration of glucose (0.33 gm/ kg) in two groups of normal subjects—18 in the 60–85 age bracket, and 16 in the 23–45 age bracket. All had a normal coefficient of glucose utilization and a normal blood glucose curve after intravenous administration of glucose. Serum insulin was assayed by the radio-immunological method, with use of an ion exchange resin. Blood samples were drawn at 2, 5, 10, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after the end of the glucose infusion. In the elderly subjects the maximal value was reached only after 5 minutes and the mean value was 39± 9 µU/ml (range, 27–50), whereas in the younger subjects the serum insul…
The prevalence of abnormal glucose regulation in patients with coronary artery disease across Europe. The Euro Heart Survey on diabetes and the heart.
2004
Aim The objective behind the Euro Heart Survey on diabetes and the heart was to study the prevalence of abnormal glucose regulation in adult patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and results The survey engaged 110 centres in 25 countries recruiting 4196 patients referred to a cardiologist due to CAD out of whom 2107 were admitted on an acute basis and 2854 had an elective consultation. Patient data were collected via a web-based case record form. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was used for the characterisation of the glucose metabolism. Thirty-one per cent of the patients had diabetes. An OGTT was performed on the 1920 patients without known diabetes, of whom 923 had a…
Differences between tight and loose cultures: a 33-nation study.
2011
With data from 33 nations, we illustrate the differences between cultures that are tight (have many strong norms and a low tolerance of deviant behavior) versus loose (have weak social norms and a high tolerance of deviant behavior). Tightness-looseness is part of a complex, loosely integrated multilevel system that comprises distal ecological and historical threats (e.g., high population density, resource scarcity, a history of territorial conflict, and disease and environmental threats), broad versus narrow socialization in societal institutions (e.g., autocracy, media regulations), the strength of everyday recurring situations, and micro-level psychological affordances (e.g., prevention …
Psychometric characteristics in normal and social phobic samples for a Spanish version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.
2000
The present paper had three purposes: (a) presenting normative data for the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale in a Spanish sample, (b) studying whether there are significant sex or age differences in self-esteem, and (c) studying whether there are significant differences between a Control group with no psychological diagnosis and a group of social phobics. Of the total sample of 266 persons, 214 belonged to the Control group and 52 to the Social Phobic group. Item-total score correlations and alpha reliabilities supported the internal consistency of the scale. There were statistically significant differences between the Control and Social Phobic groups, but not by sex or age.
Self-consciousness Scale: a study of Spanish housewives.
1990
The purpose of this study was to examine the applicability with 93 Spanish housewives of the translated Self-consciousness Scale. We present reliability measures and normative data, and we also include data for two clinical samples (31 depressive and 31 asthmatic women patients).
Socio-occupational status and congenital anomalies
2009
Udgivelsesdato: 2009-Feb-12 BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to investigate the association between socio-occupational status and the frequency of major congenital anomalies in offspring. METHODS: The study population comprised 81 435 live singletons born to mothers enrolled in the Danish National Birth Cohort between 1996 and 2002. A total of 3352 cases of major congenital anomalies (EUROCAT criteria) were identified by linkage to the National Hospital Discharge Register. Malformations were recorded at birth or in the first year of life. Information about maternal and paternal socio-occupational status was collected prospectively using telephone interviews in the second trimester of pr…
Potential effects of age-associated oxidative stress on mammalian oocytes/embryos
1996
This bioessay aims to explain the different effects of maternal ageing and postovulatory oocyte ageing on mammalian oocytes/embryos under the scope of 'the oxygen radical-mitochondrial injury hypothesis of ageing'. This hypothesis assumes a key role in the senescent process of oxygen radical damage to mitochondrial DNA, proteins and lipids. It is proposed that a decrease in intracellular ATP concentrations and glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulphide (GSSG) ratio together with a concomitant increase in cytosolic Ca2+ are major factors causing the observed detrimental effects of ageing on cytoskeletal fibres, fertilization and embryo development.
Forty-two supernumerary marker chromosomes (SMCs) in 43,273 prenatal samples: chromosomal distribution, clinical findings, and UPD studies.
2005
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses were performed on supernumerary marker chromosomes (SMCs) detected in 43 273 prenatal diagnoses over a period of 11 years, 1993–2003. A total of 42 pregnancies with SMC were identified, indicating a prevalence of one in 1032. A total of 15 SMCs were endowed with detectable euchromatin (prevalence, 1/2884), including six SMCs containing the cat eye critical region (CECR) on chromosome 22q11.21 (1/7212). De novo SMCs were found in 29 pregnancies (1/1492), including 14 euchromatic SMCs (48.2%). Follow-up studies were available for 24 cases. Nine pregnancies (37.5%) were terminated; two children (8.3%) were born with Pallister–Killian syndrome …