Search results for "Note"

showing 10 items of 10709 documents

Voltage-Based Droop Control of Electric Vehicles in Distribution Grids under Different Charging Power Levels

2021

If left uncontrolled, electric vehicle charging poses severe challenges to distribution grid operation. Resulting issues are expected to be mitigated by charging control. In particular, voltage-based charging control, by relying only on the local measurements of voltage at the point of connection, provides an autonomous communication-free solution. The controller, attached to the charging equipment, compares the measured voltage to a reference voltage and adapts the charging power using a droop control characteristic. We present a systematic study of the voltage-based droop control method for electric vehicles to establish the usability of the method for all the currently available resident…

TechnologyControl and Optimizationbusiness.product_categoryComputer science020209 energyEnergy Engineering and Power Technology02 engineering and technologyAutomotive engineeringlaw.inventionDemand responseHardware_GENERALControl theorylawElectric vehicle0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringdistribution gridsVoltage droopElectrical and Electronic EngineeringTransformerEngineering (miscellaneous)electric vehiclesdemand side managementRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentTvoltage-based droop control021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGridVDP::Teknologi: 500demand responsevoltage violations0210 nano-technologybusinessVoltage referenceEnergy (miscellaneous)VoltageEnergies
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Vacancy Defects in Ga2O3: First-Principles Calculations of Electronic Structure

2021

This research was funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Grant No. AP08856540) as well as by the Latvian research council via the Latvian National Research Program under the topic ?High-Energy Physics and Accelerator Technologies?, Agreement No: VPP-IZM-CERN-2020/1-0002 for A.I. Popov. In addition, J. Purans is grateful to the ERAF project 1.1.1.1/20/A/057 while A. Platonenko was supported by Latvian Research Council No. LZP-2018/1-0214. The authors thank A. Lushchik and M. Lushchik for many useful discussions. The research was (partly) performed in the Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia ISSP UL. ISSP UL as…

TechnologyDEEP DONOR02 engineering and technologyConductivityDFT01 natural sciencesOXYGENCrystalpoint defectsGeneral Materials ScienceDENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORYGalliump-type conductivityMicroscopyQC120-168.85Condensed matter physicsMONOCLINICSTP TYPE CONDUCTIVITYELECTRONIC.STRUCTUREEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology3. Good healthCALCULATIONSβ-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>OXYGEN VACANCIES:NATURAL SCIENCES [Research Subject Categories]Density functional theoryElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTA1-20400210 nano-technologyPOINT DEFECTSFIRST PRINCIPLE CALCULATIONSβ-Ga2O3Materials scienceP-TYPE CONDUCTIVITYELECTRONIC STRUCTUREVACANCY DEFECTSchemistry.chemical_elementElectronic structureFIRST-PRINCIPLE DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THEORIESGALLIUM COMPOUNDSArticleDENSITY-FUNCTIONAL-THEORYVacancy defect0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsΒ-GA2 O3QH201-278.5HYBRID EXCHANGEoxygen vacancyCrystallographic defectTK1-9971Descriptive and experimental mechanicschemistryGALLIUMdeep donorSupercell (crystal)DFT; β-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>; oxygen vacancy; deep donor; p-type conductivity; point defectsOXYGEN VACANCYMaterials
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Plywood Jig—A New Technique for Root Canal Curvature Measurement

2021

The successful outcome of endodontic treatment is dependent on complete cleaning, shaping as well as three dimensional obturation of the root canal system. A conventional radiograph is a two-dimensional replication of a three-dimensional object and does not provide any conclusive evidence for canal curvatures. An accurate knowledge of the tooth anatomy and curvature is essential to avoid procedural errors. 100 freshly extracted human teeth were used in this study. Digital images were obtained using the plywood JIG and Schneider’s technique. These images were analyzed using the VixWin Pro digital image analyzing software (Gendex system). Statistical analysis was done using paired t test. The…

TechnologyDental anatomyQH301-705.5QC1-999RadiographyInstrumentationRoot canal02 engineering and technologyCurvature03 medical and health sciencesDigital image0302 clinical medicinemedicineGeneral Materials ScienceMaxillary central incisorBiology (General)QD1-999MathematicsFluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesOrthodonticsinstrumentationbusiness.industryMandibular teethTPhysicsProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral Engineering030206 dentistryEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Science ApplicationsChemistrymedicine.anatomical_structureendodonticplywoodroot canal curvatureTA1-20400210 nano-technologybusinessApplied Sciences
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A Combined Non-Destructive and Micro-Destructive Approach to Solving the Forensic Problems in the Field of Cultural Heritage: Two Case Studies

2021

The present paper discusses the importance of non-destructive and micro-destructive technology in forensic investigations in the field of cultural heritage. Recent technological developments and the wide availability of modern analytical instrumentation are creating new possibilities for performing scientific measurements and acquiring data directly on-site—thereby limiting, where possible, sampling activity—as well as learning about the technologies and materials that were employed in the past to create cultural assets. Information on periods, chemical composition, manufacturing techniques, etc., can be gathered more easily. Overall, the benefits of on-site forensic investigations are mult…

TechnologyDiagnostic informationQH301-705.5Computer scienceforensic sciencesQC1-99902 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencescultural heritage; forensic sciences; non-destructive analysis; micro-destructive analysisInfrared reflectographyNon destructivemicro-destructive analysisnon-destructive analysisGeneral Materials ScienceInstrumentation (computer programming)Biology (General)QD1-999InstrumentationSettore GEO/09 -Georis. Miner.e Appl.Mineral.-Petrogr. per l'Ambi.ed i B.Cult.Fluid Flow and Transfer ProcessesTPhysicsProcess Chemistry and TechnologyGeneral EngineeringLimitingcultural heritageEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyData scienceCultural heritage Forensic sciences Micro-destructive analysis Non-destructive analysisField (geography)0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science ApplicationsCultural heritageChemistryData qualityTA1-20400210 nano-technologyApplied Sciences
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Ligand engineering in Cu(ii) paddle wheel metal–organic frameworks for enhanced semiconductivity

2020

We report the electronic structure of two metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with copper paddle wheel nodes connected by a N2(C2H4)3 (DABCO) ligand with accessible nitrogen lone pairs. The coordination is predicted, from first-principles density functional theory, to enable electronic pathways that could facilitate charge carrier mobility. Calculated frontier crystal orbitals indicate extended electronic communication in DMOF-1, but not in MOF-649. This feature is confirmed by bandstructure calculations and effective masses of the valence band egde. We explain the origin of the frontier orbitals of both MOFs based on the energy and symmetry alignment of the underlying building blocks. The effe…

TechnologyEnergy & FuelsMaterials ScienceMaterials Science Multidisciplinary02 engineering and technologyElectronic structure0915 Interdisciplinary Engineering010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesENERGYPaddle wheelELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITYGeneral Materials Science0912 Materials EngineeringElectronic band structureLone pairScience & TechnologyChemistry PhysicalRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryLigand0303 Macromolecular and Materials ChemistryGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesChemistrySemiconductorChemical physicsPhysical SciencesDensity functional theoryMetal-organic framework0210 nano-technologybusinessSTORAGEJournal of Materials Chemistry A
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Position paper - progress towards standards in integrated (aerobic) MBR modelling.

2020

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) models are useful tools for both design and management. The system complexity is high due to the involved number of processes which can be clustered in biological and physical ones. Literature studies are present and need to be harmonized in order to gain insights from the different studies and allow system optimization by applying a control. This position paper aims at defining the current state of the art of the main integrated MBR models reported in the literature. On the basis of a modelling review, a standardized terminology is proposed to facilitate the further development and comparison of integrated membrane fouling models for aerobic MBRs. ispartof: WATER …

TechnologyEnvironmental EngineeringComputer sciencePROCESS SIMULATIONPRESSURE SET-POINTReactors de membranaEnvironmental Sciences & Ecology02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesMembrane bioreactorMembranes (Technology)01 natural sciencesSUBMERGED MEMBRANE BIOREACTOREngineeringBioreactorsMembrane reactorsCONTROL-SYSTEMterminology[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringDEPOSITIONOPTIMIZATION0105 earth and related environmental sciencesWater Science and TechnologyScience & TechnologyCAKE LAYER FORMATIONSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleCOMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICSMBR modellingMembrane foulingIntegrated modelMembranes (Tecnologia)Engineering EnvironmentalSystem optimizationMembranes ArtificialModels Theoretical021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyTerminology6. Clean waterStandardized terminologyPhysical SciencesFILTRATIONWater ResourcesPosition paperBiochemical engineeringintegrated modelSENSITIVITY0210 nano-technologyLife Sciences & BiomedicineEnvironmental SciencesWater science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
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In Situ Regeneration of Copper-Coated Gas Diffusion Electrodes for Electroreduction of CO2 to Ethylene

2021

This research was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 768789 as well as by the Polish National Centre of Science under grant no 2017/26/D/ST8/00508. The Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, as a center of excellence, has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement no. 739508, project CAMART2.

TechnologyEthyleneInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyElectrolyte010402 general chemistryElectrocatalyst7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesArticleCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundEthyleneCopper catalystsethyleneelectrocatalysisGaseous diffusionGeneral Materials Sciencecopper complexesElectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxideMicroscopyQC120-168.85TQH201-278.5carbon dioxideEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCopperTK1-99710104 chemical sciencesDescriptive and experimental mechanicschemistryCarbon dioxide13. Climate action:NATURAL SCIENCES [Research Subject Categories]copper catalystsElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTA1-2040GDE0210 nano-technologyElectrocatalysisFaraday efficiencyCopper complexes
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Study of High-Temperature Behaviour of ZnO by Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

2021

Wurtzite-type zinc oxide (w-ZnO) is a widely used material with a pronounced structural anisotropy along the c axis, which affects its lattice dynamics and represents a difficulty for its accurate description using classical models of interatomic interactions. In this study, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) was employed to simulate a bulk w-ZnO phase in the NpT ensemble in the high-temperature range from 300 K to 1200 K. The results of the simulations were validated by comparison with the experimental Zn K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectra and known diffraction data. AIMD NpT simulations reproduced well the thermal expansion of the lattice, and the pronounced …

TechnologyMaterials science02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsThermal expansionArticleCondensed Matter::Materials Science0103 physical sciencesAtomGeneral Materials Science010306 general physicsAnisotropyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)MicroscopyQC120-168.85X-ray absorption spectroscopyExtended X-ray absorption fine structureTab initio molecular dynamicsQH201-278.5Anharmonicityzinc oxideEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyTK1-9971Molecular geometryDescriptive and experimental mechanicsZnOElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTA1-20400210 nano-technologyextended X-ray absorption fine structureMaterials
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Layout influence on microwave performance of graphene field effect transistors

2018

The authors report on an in-depth statistical and parametrical investigation on the microwave performance of graphene FETs on sapphire substrate. The devices differ for the gate-drain/source distance and for the gate length, having kept instead the gate width constant. Microwave S -parameters have been measured for the different devices. Their results demonstrate that the cut-off frequency does not monotonically increase with the scaling of the device geometry and that it exists an optimal region in the gate-drain/source and gate-length space which maximises the microwave performance.

TechnologyMaterials science02 engineering and technologyHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica01 natural scienceslaw.inventionComputer Science::Hardware ArchitectureComputer Science::Emerging Technologieslaw0103 physical sciencesHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSElectrical and Electronic EngineeringScaling010302 applied physicsbusiness.industryGrapheneComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKSWide-bandgap semiconductorSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi Elettromagnetici021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGraphene field effect transistorsSapphire substrateOptoelectronicsField-effect transistorGraphene0210 nano-technologyConstant (mathematics)businessMicrowaveddc:600MicrowaveHardware_LOGICDESIGN
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Interfacial Self-Assembly to Spatially Organize Graphene Oxide Into Hierarchical and Bioactive Structures

2020

Multicomponent self-assembly holds great promise for the generation of complex and functional biomaterials with hierarchical microstructure. Here, we describe the use of supramolecular co-assembly between an elastin-like recombinamer (ELR5) and a peptide amphiphile (PA) to organize graphene oxide (GO) flakes into bioactive structures across multiple scales. The process takes advantage of a reaction—diffusion mechanism to enable the incorporation and spatial organization of GO within multiple ELR5/PA layers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and ImageJ software were used to demonstrate the hierarchical organization of GO flakes within the ELR5/PA lay…

TechnologyMaterials scienceBiocompatibilityScanning electron microscopeMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Materials Sciencecomposite materialsFABRICATIONMaterials Science Multidisciplinaryhierarchical biomaterialsNanotechnology02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistrylcsh:Technology01 natural scienceselastin-like recombinamerlaw.inventionDESIGNlawPeptide amphiphileBIOMATERIALS0912 Materials EngineeringCHITOSANScience & Technology1007 Nanotechnologylcsh:TGrapheneSCAFFOLD021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMicrostructurepeptide amphiphiles0104 chemical sciencesmulticomponent self-assemblyDIFFERENTIATIONMembraneTransmission electron microscopygraphene oxideSelf-assembly0210 nano-technologyFILMFrontiers in Materials
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