Search results for "Nucleophile"

showing 10 items of 385 documents

Synthesis and analysis of activity of a potential anti-melanoma prodrug with a hydrazine linker

2013

A potential anti-melanoma prodrug containing a phenolic activator, a hydrazine linker, and a nitrogen mustard effector - (N-{4-[bis-(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzoyl}-N'-(4-hydroxybenzyl)hydrazine) has been synthesized in seven steps. Spectrophotometric measurements of its oxidation by tyrosinase showed a rapid increase of absorbance at 337 nm. HPLC analysis demonstrated that two major products were formed. However, during the reaction one of the products was converted into the other. The stable product with a maximum of absorption at 337 nm was isolated and identified as 5,6-dihydroxy-1H-indazol-1-yl 4-[bis-(2-chloroethyl)amino]benzoate. It was formed by a cyclization of the enzymatically gener…

MelphalanStereochemistryTyrosinaseHydrazineMelanoma Experimentaltyrosinasechemistry.chemical_compoundMiceNucleophileCell Line TumorDrug DiscoverymedicineAnimalsProdrugsMechlorethamineTyrosineneoplasmsPharmacologyanti-melanoma prodrugChemistryMonophenol MonooxygenaseOrganic Chemistrynitrogen mustardhydrazineGeneral MedicineProdrugNitrogen mustardHydrazinesCyclizationLinkermedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
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Automated synthesis and purification of [18F]fluoro-[di-deutero]methyl tosylate

2013

Automated synthetic procedures of [ 18 F]fluoro-[di-deutero]methyl tosylate on a GE TRACERlab FX F-N module and a non-commercial synthesis module have been developed. The syntheses included azeotropic drying of the [ 18 F]fluoride, nucleophilic 18 F-fluorination of bis(tosyloxy)-[di-deutero]methane, HPLC purification and subsequent formulation of the synthesized [ 18 F]fluoro-[di-deutero]methyl tosylate (d2-[ 18 F]FMT) in organic solvents. Automation shortened the total synthesis time to 50min, resulting in an average radiochemical yield of about 50% and high radiochemical purity (>98%). The possible application of this procedure to commercially available synthesis modules might be of signi…

Methyl tosylateOrganic ChemistryTotal synthesisBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryNucleophileYield (chemistry)Drug DiscoveryOrganic chemistryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingFluorideSpectroscopyJournal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals
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Photoinduced functionalization of diterpenes: transformation of the C-20 methyl of atractyligenin into a carbomethoxymethyl or carbamoylmethyl group

2003

Abstract Irradiation of the nor-diterpene atractyligenin 1a and of its methyl ester 1b at λ=254 nm in methanol or in methanol in the presence of nitrogen nucleophiles such as ammonia or methylamine gave, besides the decarboxylation product 2, the ester 3a or the amides 3b, 3c, respectively, providing the transformation of the C-20 angular methyl into a carbomethoxymethyl or carbamoylmethyl group. A photochemical pathway involves formation of C-19/C-20 bond in the excited state, followed by a collapse into a ketene intermediate which will capture the nucleophilic reagent.

MethylamineDecarboxylationGeneral Chemical EngineeringGeneral Physics and AstronomyKeteneGeneral ChemistryMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundAmmoniachemistryNucleophileReagentOrganic chemistryMethanolDiterpeneJournal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry
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On the reaction of some 5-polyfluoroaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles with methylhydrazine: synthesis of fluorinated indazoles

2009

The reaction of 5-polyfluoroaryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles with methylhydrazine has been studied and the synthesis of fluorinated N-methylindazoles has been realized. Rearrangement reactions showed predominantly formation of N(1)-methylindazole regioisomers. Starting compounds were preliminarily functionalized at the polyfluoroaryl moiety through fluorine displacement with nucleophiles (methanol, methylamine, dimethylamine), allowing the obtainment of target indazoles substituted at the C(6) position.

MethylhydrazineIndazoleMethylamineOrganic ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaBiochemistryMedicinal chemistryChemical synthesischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryNucleophileDrug DiscoveryStructural isomerMoietyOrganic chemistryDimethylamine124-Oxadiazole Indazole Rearrangements Fluorinated heterocycles
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Oligo(1,4-phenylenepyrazole-3,5-diyl)s

2003

The bifunctional nucleophile methylhydrazine reacts in an alkaline medium in a regioselective mode with chalcones to yield 2-pyrazolines, which can be oxidized by DDQ to the corresponding 1H-pyrazoles. From oligo(chalcone)s this reaction yields cross-conjugated compounds with an alternating sequence of 1,4-disubstituted benzene rings and 3,5-disubstituted 1H-pyrazole rings. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003)

Methylhydrazinechemistry.chemical_compoundChalconechemistryNucleophileYield (chemistry)Organic ChemistryPolymer chemistryRegioselectivityPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBenzeneBifunctionalEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Reaction between Indazole and Pd-Bound Isocyanides-A Theoretical Mechanistic Study

2018

The mechanism of the addition of indazole (Ind)&mdash

Models Molecular3003Activation of small moleculesIndazolesisocyanideIsocyanidePharmaceutical ScienceDFT calculationProtonation010402 general chemistryDFT calculationsactivation of small molecule01 natural sciencesMedicinal chemistryArticleAnalytical Chemistrylcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundDeprotonationNucleophilelcsh:Organic chemistryTheoreticalModelsDrug DiscoveryNitrilesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMechanical PhenomenaIndazoleNucleophilic additionCyanidesMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistrynitrileDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceOrganic ChemistryRegioselectivityMolecularIsocyanidesModels TheoreticalTautomer0104 chemical sciencesnucleophilic additionchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Settore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaMolecular Medicinereaction mechanismActivation of small molecules; DFT calculations; Isocyanides; Nitriles; Nucleophilic addition; Reaction mechanism; Cyanides; Indazoles; Models Molecular; Molecular Structure; Palladium; Mechanical Phenomena; Models Theoretical; Analytical Chemistry; Chemistry (miscellaneous); Molecular Medicine; 3003; Drug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical Science; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; Organic ChemistryPalladium
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Tandem Nucleophilic Addition−Intramolecular Aza-Michael Reaction: Facile Synthesis of Chiral Fluorinated Isoindolines

2010

A highly stereoselective synthesis of fluorinated 1,3-disubstituted isoindolines is described. To this end, a tandem reaction consisting of a diastereoselective addition of fluorinated nucleophiles to Ellman's N-(tert-butanesulfinyl)imines followed by an intramolecular aza-Michael reaction has been developed. This strategy allows for the construction of isoindolines bearing several degrees of fluorination (mono-, di-, or trifluoromethyl as well as heavier fluorinated groups). In the majority of all cases, the products are formed as single isomers.

Models MolecularAza CompoundsIndolesTrifluoromethylNucleophilic additionHalogenationMolecular StructureTandemHydrolysisOrganic ChemistryStereoisomerismIsoindolesBiochemistryMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCascade reactionchemistryNucleophileIntramolecular forceMichael reactionOrganic chemistryStereoselectivityPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryOrganic Letters
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The Topological Analysis of the ELFx Localization Function: Quantitative Prediction of Hydrogen Bonds in the Guanine–Cytosine Pair

2021

International audience; In this contribution, we recall and test a new methodology designed to identify the favorable reaction pathway between two reactants. Applied to the formation of the DNA guanine (G) –cytosine (C) pair, we successfully predict the best orientation between the base pairs held together by hydrogen bonds and leading to the formation of the typical Watson Crick structure of the GC pair. Beyond the global minimum, some local stationary points of the targeted pair are also clearly identified.

Models MolecularELF<sub>x</sub>Base pairGuaninePharmaceutical ScienceOrganic chemistryMolecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesArticleAnalytical ChemistryELFxchemistry.chemical_compoundQD241-441Nucleophilebase pair0103 physical sciencesDrug Discovery[CHIM]Chemical SciencesguaninePhysical and Theoretical Chemistrycytosinehydrogen bond010304 chemical physicsHydrogen bondHydrogen BondingDNA0104 chemical sciencesELF xelectrophilicCrystallographyELFchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)ElectrophileMolecular MedicineNucleic Acid ConformationDNACytosinenucleophilicMolecules
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Cooperative Assistance in Bifunctional Organocatalysis: Enantioselective Mannich Reactions with Aliphatic and Aromatic Imines

2012

both of which contain a thiourea moiety (Scheme 1).The catalysts are capable of deprotonating suitable nucleo-philes, such as activated carbonyl compounds. This proton-transfer reaction generates an ion pair, which is composed ofthe protonated catalyst and the anionic nucleophile interact-ing through hydrogen bonds. At least one of the NH moietiesin the protonated catalyst is involved in activating theelectrophilic reaction partner.

Models MolecularHydrogen bond catalysisImineEnantioselective synthesisHydrogen BondingStereoisomerismGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryCrystallography X-RayMalonatesCatalysisCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryNucleophileOrganocatalysisPolymer chemistryOrganic chemistryMoietyIminesAmino AcidsBifunctionalta116Angewandte Chemie International Edition
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Synthesis of enantiopure pyrrolidine-derived peptidomimetics and oligo-beta-peptides via nucleophilic ring-opening of beta-lactams.

2006

The synthesis of the two enantiomers of pyrrolidine-derived spiro beta-lactams by resolution with D- and L-Boc phenylalanine is described. The potential of these optically active spiro beta-lactams on the synthesis of peptidomimetics as analogues of melanostatin is evaluated. Theoretical studies of several models, at the Becke3LYP/6-31+G* level of theory, together with previous experimental evidences from our group, gathered by NMR, allow us to design structures that can efficiently mimic some biologically active peptide-type molecules. On the other hand, the spiro beta-lactams have shown their utility in the preparation of beta-peptides. As an example, a homo-tetra-beta-peptide was synthes…

Models MolecularMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyPyrrolidinesPeptidomimeticStereochemistryStereoisomerismRing (chemistry)beta-LactamsChemical synthesisPyrrolidinechemistry.chemical_compoundNucleophileβ lactamschemistry.chemical_classificationOrganic ChemistryMolecular MimicryStereoisomerismNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyGeneral MedicineMSH Release-Inhibiting HormoneAmino acidEnantiopure drugchemistryDrug DesignLactamOligopeptidesThe Journal of organic chemistry
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