Search results for "OBESITY"
showing 10 items of 1833 documents
Sindrome metabolica nei pazienti ricoverati in Medicina Interna: risultati dello studio pilota NIMEC (National Internal Medicine Equivalent/Complex C…
2007
Optimized In Silico Modeling of Drug Absorption after Gastric Bypass: The Case of Metformin
2021
Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for severe obesity and related comorbidities, such as type II diabetes. Gastric bypass surgery shortens the length of the intestine, possibly leading to altered drug absorption. Metformin, a first-line treatment for type II diabetes, has permeability-dependent drug absorption, which may be sensitive to intestinal anatomic changes during bypass surgery, including Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Previous computer simulation data indicate increased metformin absorption after RYGB. In this study, we experimentally determined the region-dependent permeability of metformin, using the rat single-pass intestinal perfusion method (SPIP), which we then imp…
EPIGENOMICS AND METABOLOMICS MECHANISMS FOR A GENE X DIET INTERACTION MODULATING AGE-RELATED OBESITY
2018
A functional variant in the apolipoprotein AII (APOA2) gene (rs5082) predisposes homozygous carriers to age-related obesity when habitual saturated fat (SFA) intake is high. We used epigenomics, transcription and metabolomics analyses to identify currently unknown mechanisms underlying this well-replicated gene x diet interaction. We conducted an epigenome-wide scan to compare genetically at-risk to low-risk individuals with low (<22 g/d) or high (≥22 g/d) SFA intake in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study and validated the findings in the GOLDN Study and the Framingham Heart Study. In these three populations, we identified genotype-dependent differential methylation, only with high SFA int…
Total energy expenditure is repeatable in adults but not associated with short-term changes in body composition
2022
Low total energy expenditure (TEE, MJ/d) has been a hypothesized risk factor for weight gain, but repeatability of TEE, a critical variable in longitudinal studies of energy balance, is understudied. We examine repeated doubly labeled water (DLW) measurements of TEE in 348 adults and 47 children from the IAEA DLW Database (mean ± SD time interval: 1.9 ± 2.9 y) to assess repeatability of TEE, and to examine if TEE adjusted for age, sex, fat-free mass, and fat mass is associated with changes in weight or body composition. Here, we report that repeatability of TEE is high for adults, but not children. Bivariate Bayesian mixed models show no among or within-individual correlation between body c…
The perception of food products in adolescents, lay adults, and experts:A psychometric approach
2022
Almost 40% of global mortality is attributable to an unhealthy diet, and adolescents and young adults are particularly affected by growing obesity rates. How do (young) people conceptualize and judge the healthiness of foods and how are the judgments embedded in people’s mental representations of the food ecology? We asked respondents to rate a large range of common food products on a diverse set of characteristics and then applied the psychometric paradigm to identify the dimensions structuring people’s mental representations of the foods. Respondents were also asked to rate each food in terms of its healthiness, and we used the foods’ scores on the extracted dimensions to predict the heal…
Prevalencia del trastorno por atracón en una muestra clínica de obesos
2012
Resumen: Introducción: El trastorno por atracón se caracteriza por presencia de episodios de sobreingesta recurrentes en un periodo corto, acompañados de pérdida de control. Este trastorno es el más frecuente de entre todos los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en población obesa, tanto en adultos como en niños. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener datos prevalencia del trastorno por atracón en una muestra de niños y adolescentes obesos, usuarios de una unidad de pediatría especializada en el tratamiento de la obesidad infantil. Material y métodos: Se contó con una muestra 70 niños y adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre los 9 y los 16 años, con una edad media de 12 añ…
Distinct maternal microbiota clusters are associated with diet during pregnancy: impact on neonatal microbiota and infant growth during the first 18 …
2020
Nutrition during pregnancy plays an important role in maternal–neonatal health. However, the impact of specific dietary components during pregnancy on maternal gut microbiota and the potential effects on neonatal microbiota and infant health outcomes in the short term are still limited. A total of 86 mother–neonate pairs were enrolled in this study. Gut microbiota profiling on maternal–neonatal stool samples at birth was carried out by 16S rRNA gene sequencing using Illumina. Maternal dietary information and maternal–neonatal clinical and anthropometric data were recorded during the first 18 months. Longitudinal Body Mass Index (BMI) and Weight-For-Length (WFL) z-score trajectories using th…
Do children with overweight respond faster to food-related words?
2020
Abstract Overweight in childhood is a risk factor in developing obesity as an adult, thus having severe consequences on the individuals’ physical health and psychological well-being. Therefore, studying the cognitive and emotional processes that sustain overweight is essential not only at a theoretical level but also to develop effective interventions. In the present experiment, we examined whether children with overweight respond faster to food-related than non-food-related words in a word recognition task: lexical decision. The participants were 24 children diagnosed with exogenous overweight and 24 children with a healthy weight. The stimulus list included positively valenced food-relate…
COVID-19 and periodontitis: reflecting on a possible association
2021
AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated a relationship between the severe clinical course of COVID-19 and other chronic diseases such as: cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity and chronic renal disease. It may be possible to extend this association to a common and chronic oral disease in adults: periodontitis. Alternatively, the latter could be simply related to the systemic chronic diseases cited above, as already observed in the non-COVID-19 literature. In order to provide an overview and their opinion, the authors in this perspective article will report and discuss the most recent references of interest relating to COVID-19 and periodontitis pathophysiology. W…
Self-esteem and binge eating: Do patients with binge eating disorder endorse more negatively worded items of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale?
2020
Objective Self-esteem is a core aspect of eating disorder symptomatology. This study aims to examine whether method effects associated with negatively worded items of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) may interact the negative self-evaluations experienced by patients with obesity and binge eating disorder (BED). We also examined whether negatively worded items were associated with psychological distress and eating symptoms. Method Five hundred thirty three female outpatients (mean age: 42.59) with BED (n = 160) or obesity without BED (n = 373) completed the RSES and measures of interpersonal problems, psychological distress, and eating symptoms. Results Patients with BED responded more…