Search results for "Ophthalmology"

A Real-World Study of Dexamethasone Implant in Treatment-Naïve Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema: Efficacy and Correlation Between Inflammatory Bi…

2020

Purpose There has been an increasing clinical interest in specific retinal parameters as non-invasive biomarkers of retinal inflammation in diabetic macular edema (DME) that have been shown to have prognostic value, such as hyperreflective retinal fields (HRFs) and subfoveal neuroretinal detachment (SND). Methods We conducted a prospective, non-comparative study of treatment-naive patients with DME to evaluate the efficacy of a Pro Re Nata (PRN) regimen of intravitreal dexamethasone implant 0.7 mg (DexI, Ozurdex™). After administration, patients underwent subsequent injections according to PRN criteria in case of edema relapse, but not earlier than 4 months after the previous treatment. Pat…

Role of  1-Adrenoceptor Subtypes in Pupil Dilation Studied With Gene-Targeted Mice

2014

PURPOSE The α₁A-adrenoceptor (α₁A-AR) subtype was suggested to mediate contraction and trophic effects in the iris dilator muscle, and thus its pharmacological blockade may be involved in intraoperative floppy iris syndrome. We tested the hypothesis that the α₁A-AR mediates pupil dilation and trophic effects in the mouse iris. METHODS The α₁-AR subtype mRNA expression was quantified in iris tissue by real-time PCR. To assess the role of individual α₁-ARs for mediating pupil dilation, the α₁-AR agonist phenylephrine was topically applied to the ocular surface of mice deficient in one of the three α₁-AR subtypes (α₁A-AR(-/-), α₁B-AR(-/-), α₁D-AR(-/-), respectively) and wild-type controls. Cha…

New intraocular lens for achromatizing the human eye.

2007

To describe the design of a new intraocular lens (IOL) capable of correcting spherical and chromatic aberrations when implanted in the human eye.University of Murcia, Murcia, and University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.A hybrid singlet achromatic IOL was designed. The IOL has a combination of a refractive and a diffractive surface, with 1 of the surfaces being aspherical. Optical simulations were used to model the polychromatic modulation transfer function (MTF) in pseudophakic eyes to explain the differences in optical quality afforded by the achromatic IOL. Parameters such as focus shift, optical path difference, through-focus, and robustness to tilt and decentering of achromatic IOLs wer…

Scholarly publishing depends on peer reviewers

2018

The peer-review crisis is posing a risk to the scholarly peer-reviewed journal system. Journals have to ask many potential peer reviewers to obtain a minimum acceptable number of peers accepting reviewing a manuscript. Several solutions have been suggested to overcome this shortage. From reimbursing for the job, to eliminating pre-publication reviews, one cannot predict which is more dangerous for the future of scholarly publishing. And, why not acknowledging their contribution to the final version of the article published? PubMed created two categories of contributors: authors [AU] and collaborators [IR]. Why not a third category for the peer-reviewer? published

Comparison of the acute effects of anti-TNF-alpha drugs on a uveitis experimental model.

2010

To compare histopathological and biochemical effects of the anti-TNF-alpha drugs adalimumab and infliximab in a uveitis experimental model.Histopathological evaluation was performed 24 h after endotoxin (200 microg into the footpad) and drug administration, as well as biochemical analysis of oxidative stress-related markers in the aqueous humor.Severe inflammation was found in rat anterior chamber of the eye 24 h after endotoxin. Only infliximab administration partially prevented the endotoxin-induced disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier, as well as the increase in Rantes and MCP-1 concentration in aqueous humor. Both drugs ameliorated the histopathological score after endotoxin. Biochem…

Update on intravitreal anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapies for ocular disorders

2014

Abstract Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?) is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine associated with a variety of ocular diseases. The currently available TNF-? inhibitors are etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, and certolizumab. Experimental and clinical studies on the intravitreal use of these agents have been reported with etanercept, infliximab, and adalimumab: etanercept has shown limited efficacy in scarce reports; infliximab has been associated with local safety concerns but appears to benefit certain cases; adalimumab has shown no efficacy in cases of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or diabetic macular edema (DME), but the combination with bevacizumab may be effe…

Celecoxib for recurrent sclerouveitis after syphilitic panuveitis. A case report

2011

Purpose To report a case of recurrent ocular inflammation after optimal therapy of bilateral syphilitic panuveitis responding to oral celecoxib. Methods A case report was conducted. Results A 76-year-old man presented with painful blurry vision in both eyes. Ocular examination disclosed bilateral panuveitis. Serological testing confirmed blood and cerebrospinal fluid syphilitic involvement. After 2 weeks of intravenous penicillin therapy, recurrent episodic sclerouveitis was observed. Conclusion Ocular inflammation after healing of infectious uveitis is a rare ophthalmic sequela. In an immunocompetent patient, either re-infection or immune uveitis should be evoked. Non-steroidal therapeutic…

The Louder, the Longer: Object Length Perception Is Influenced by Loudness, but Not by Pitch

2019

Sound by itself can be a reliable source of information about an object&rsquo

Heritability of anterior chamber depth and axial length: a population-based twin study among 66 to 79-year old female twins.

2014

The effects of microwave radiation generated by mobile phones on the tear film

2021

Abstract Electromagnetic radiation (ER) emitted by mobile phones and other modern devices has potentially harmful effects on ocular tissue. Their effects on the eye surface and tear film are little known so far. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of ER emitted by the phone mobile on the tear film. For this study, we selected a total of 50 subjects, young, healthy, without chronic treatment, who are not contact lens wearers and who have no history of ophthalmic surgery. Schirmer I test, tear pH and tear ferning test (TFT) were performed on all subjects before (“-pre”) being exposed to ER emitted by the mobile phone and after (“-post”) exposure for 5 minutes, the pH and TFT …