Search results for "Opioid"
showing 10 items of 320 documents
Strengths and Weaknesses of Cancer Pain Management in Italy: Findings from a Nationwide SIAARTI Survey
2022
Objectives: Despite guidelines, a large percentage of cancer patients continue to suffer from ineffectively treated pain. The authors undertook this survey to assess the strengths and weaknesses of cancer pain management in Italy. Design: This was a prospectively administered survey. Participants: The participants were anesthesiologists of the Italian Society of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care (SIAARTI). Intervention: A 58-item questionnaire covered the demographics and features of cancer pain management in the Italian context. Results: The authors received responses from 611 pain therapists of 279 centers. Only 22% of physicians are exclusively pain therapists. Seve…
ESRA19-0543 Analgesic effects of dexamethasone when given perineurally or intravenously in the upper arm bone fracture and shoulder joint surgery
2019
Background and aims Shoulder surgery is associated with severe pain. Pain delays rehabilitation and lowers quality of life. Finding adjuvants to the LA to improve analgesia and facilitate mobilization has been the focus of researchers recently. The aim of this work was to investigate which administration methods—dexamethasone perineural or intravenously—prevents pain more effectively. Methods Prospective, randomized study conducted at Hospital of Traumatology and Orthopaedics after ethics committee approval. Study involved 75 patients with upper limb fracture or shoulder joint surgery in RA and GA. Group I: Bupivacaine 0.25% 70 mg + Dexamethasone 8 mg perineurally Group II: Bupivacaine 0.25…
A randomised controlled study on the use of anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with cancer pain on morphine therapy
2002
The role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in cancer pain has been well established in the treatment of mild pain and in association with opioids in the treatment of moderate to severe pain. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of NSAIDs on morphine escalation in advanced cancer patients with pain followed-up at home and to assess the pharmacoeconomic implications. A prospective randomised controlled study was carried out in 156 consecutive advanced cancer patients with pain followed-up at home in the period December 1999–December 2000. In this group of patients, 47 were selected with pain progression after 1 week of opioid stabilisation. Patients were randomly as…
The prevalence and characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain in patients receiving low doses of opioids for background pain
2021
Simple Summary The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) in patients receiving low doses of opioids for background pain. This prospective study showed that in this population, BTcP prevalence was 69.8%. Many patients did not achieve a sufficient level of satisfaction with BTcP medications, particularly with oral morphine. Data also suggest that better optimization of background analgesia, though apparently acceptable, may limit the number of BTcP episodes. Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) in patients receiving low doses of opioids for background p…
Episodic Breathlessness with and without Background Dyspnea in Advanced Cancer Patients Admitted to an Acute Supportive Care Unit
2020
Aim: To characterize episodic breathlessness (EB) in patients with advanced cancer, and to determine factors influencing its clinical appearance. Methods: A consecutive sample of advanced cancer patients admitted to an acute palliative care unit was surveyed. Continuous dyspnea and EB were measured by a numerical scale. The use of drugs used for continuous dyspnea and EB was recorded. Patients were asked about the characteristics of EB (frequency, intensity, duration and triggers). The Multidimensional dyspnea profile (MDP), the Brief dyspnea inventory (BDI), the Athens sleep scale (AIS) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were also administered. Results: From 439 advanced …
Delphi Consensus on the Follow-up of Cancer Patients with Breakthrough Pain Under Opioid Treatment
2019
e23135 Background: Breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) is one of the most common symptoms related with the disease and its treatment. Its management differs from that of chronic pain but there is not a wide consensus about fundamental aspects of BTcP definition, diagnosis, follow-up, and management. The objective of this study promoted by ECO Foundation, is to reach a consensus on the follow-up of patients with BTcP under opioid treatment. Methods: This work was conducted using a modified Delphi method organized in two rounds and involving a panel of 84 medical oncologists. A questionnaire of 66 items was developed. The items proposed to reach a consensus included the following topics: 1) When…
Hunting for the high-affinity state of G-protein-coupled receptors with agonist tracers: Theoretical and practical considerations for positron emissi…
2019
Abstract The concept of the high‐affinity state postulates that a certain subset of G‐protein‐coupled receptors is primarily responsible for receptor signaling in the living brain. Assessing the abundance of this subset is thus potentially highly relevant for studies concerning the responses of neurotransmission to pharmacological or physiological stimuli and the dysregulation of neurotransmission in neurological or psychiatric disorders. The high‐affinity state is preferentially recognized by agonists in vitro. For this reason, agonist tracers have been developed as tools for the noninvasive imaging of the high‐affinity state with positron emission tomography (PET). This review provides an…
Development of a new multi-analyte assay for the simultaneous detection of opioids in serum and other body fluids using liquid chromatography-tandem …
2015
Abstract A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method using electrospray ionization in positive ionization mode was developed for the simultaneous detection of multiple opioid-type drugs in plasma. The presented assay allows the quantitative determination of alfentanil, buprenorphine, codeine, desomorphine, dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, dihydrocodeine, dihydromorphine, ethylmorphine, fentanyl, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, naloxone, naltrexone, oxycodone, oxymorphone, pentazocine, pethidine, pholcodine, piritramide, remifentanil, sufentanil, and tramadol as well as the metabolites 6-monoacetylmorphine, bisnortilidine, morphine-3-glucuronide, morphine-6-glucuro…
Biosensor-based kinetic and thermodynamic characterization of opioids interaction with human μ-opioid receptor.
2019
Development of opioid analgesics with minimal side effects requires substantial knowledge on structure-kinetic and -thermodynamic relationship of opioid-receptor interactions. Here, combined kinetics and thermodynamics of opioid agonist binding to human μ-opioid receptor (h-μOR) was investigated using real-time label-free surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based method. The N-terminal end truncated and C-terminal 6His-tagged h-μOR was constructed and expressed in E. coli. Receptor was purified, detergent-solubilized and characterized by circular dichroism. The uniform immobilization of h-μOR on Ni-NTA chips was achieved using hybrid capture-coupling approach followed by reconstitution in lipid…
Salsolinol and ethanol-derived excitation of dopamine mesolimbic neurons: new insights
2013
Evidence supporting the essential role of brain-derived ethanol metabolites in the excitation of dopamine (DA) midbrain neurons has multiplied in the last 10–15 years. The pioneer and influential behavioral studies by CM Aragon and colleagues (see Correa et al., 2012 for a complete review) and more recent data (Sanchez-Catalan et al., 2009; Marti-Prats et al., 2010, 2013) have repeatedly demonstrated the crucial role displayed by acetaldehyde (ACD) in the locomotor and other behavioral responses elicited by ethanol. Although these experiments mainly used an indirect measure (exploratory locomotion) as an index of the excitation of DA neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), results stro…