Search results for "Osteoblasts"
showing 10 items of 115 documents
Amorphous polyphosphate/amorphous calcium carbonate implant material with enhanced bone healing efficacy in a critical-size defect in rats
2016
In this study the effect of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) microparticles and amorphous calcium polyphosphate (polyP) microparticles (termed aCa-polyP-MP) on bone mineral forming cells/tissue was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The ACC particles (termed ACC-P10-MP) were prepared in the presence of Na-polyP. Only the combinations of polyP and ACC microparticles enhanced the proliferation rate of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Gene expression studies revealed that ACC causes an upregulation of the expression of the cell membrane-associated carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX; formation of ACC), while the transcript level of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP; liberation of orthophosphate from…
In vitro evaluation of biomimetic chitosan-calcium phosphate scaffolds with potential application in bone tissue engineering.
2013
This work reports on the physicochemical properties and in vitro cytotoxicity assessment of chitosan–calcium phosphate (Cs–CP) scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, which were synthesized by a novel biomimetic co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) along with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed the porous morphology of the scaffolds and the amorphous nature of the inorganic phase with different crystallite sizes and the formation of various forms of calcium phosphate. Compressive mechanical testing revealed that the Young’s modulus of the biomaterials is in the range of human trabecular bone. In vitro tests were performed on the biomaterials for up to 14 days to…
Microstructure, mechanical characteristics and cell compatibility of β-tricalcium phosphate reinforced with biodegradable Fe–Mg metal phase
2015
The use of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) ceramic as a bioresorbable bone substitute is limited to non-load-bearing sites by the material׳s brittleness and low bending strength. In the present work, new biocompatible β-TCP-based composites with improved mechanical properties were developed via reinforcing the ceramic matrix with 30 vol% of a biodegradable iron-magnesium metallic phase. β-TCP-15Fe15Mg and β-TCP-24Fe6Mg (vol%) composites were fabricated using a combination of high energy attrition milling, cold sintering/high pressure consolidation of powders at room temperature and annealing at 400 °C. The materials synthesized had a hierarchical nanocomposite structure with a nanocrystal…
Mineralization of SaOS-2 cells on enzymatically (silicatein) modified bioactive osteoblast-stimulating surfaces.
2005
There is a demand for novel bioactive supports in surgery, orthopedics, and tissue engineering. The availability of recombinant silica-synthesizing enzyme (silicatein) opens new possibilities for the synthesis of silica-containing bioactive surfaces under ambient conditions that do not damage biomolecules like proteins. Here it is shown that growth of human osteosarcoma SaOS-2 cells on cluster plates precoated with Type 1 collagen is not affected by additional coating of the plates with the recombinant silicatein and incubation with its enzymatic substrate, tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). However, the enzymatic modification of the plates by biosilica deposition on the protein-coated surface cause…
Collagen-embedded hydroxylapatite–beta-tricalcium phosphate–silicon dioxide bone substitute granules assist rapid vascularization and promote cell gr…
2010
In the present study we assessed the biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo of a low-temperature sol-gel-manufactured SiO(2)-based bone graft substitute. Human primary osteoblasts and the osteoblastic cell line, MG63, cultured on the SiO(2) biomatrix in monoculture retained their osteoblastic morphology and cellular functionality in vitro. The effect of the biomaterial in vivo and its vascularization potential was tested subcutaneously in Wistar rats and demonstrated both rapid vascularization and good integration within the peri-implant tissue. Scaffold degradation was progressive during the first month after implantation, with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive macrophages being …
Geranylgeraniol - a new potential therapeutic approach to bisphosphonate associated osteonecrosis of the jaw.
2010
Bisphosphonate associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BP-ONJ) is one of the main side effects of bisphosphonate therapy (BPT). To date, there is no effective therapy of the BP-ONJ. Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) are particularly able to inhibit pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) in the mevalonate pathway (MVP). Consequent of decreased synthesis of the metabolite Geranylgeraniol (GGOH) is believed to largely account for the development of BP-ONJ. Negative effect of N-BPs could be shown, resulting in decreased viability and migration capacity of different cell types of hard and soft tissues such as osteoblasts, fibroblast und endothelial cells. Aim of our in vitro study was to demonstra…
Isolation and characterization of a murine resident liver stem cell.
2008
Increasing evidence provides support that mammalian liver contains stem/progenitor cells, but their molecular phenotype, embryological derivation, biology and their role in liver cell turnover and regeneration remain to be further clarified. In this study, we report the isolation, characterization and reproducible establishment in line of a resident liver stem cell (RLSC) with immunophenotype and differentiative potentiality distinct from other previously described liver precursor/stem cells. RLSCs, derived from fetal and neonatal murine livers as well as from immortalized hepatocytic MMH lines and established in lines, are Sca+, CD34-, CD45-, alpha-fetoprotein+ and albumin-. This molecular…
Nanoscale Chemical Interaction Enhances the Physical Properties of Bioglass Composites
2013
Bioglasses are favorable biomaterials for bone tissue engineering; however, their applications are limited due to their brittleness. In addition, the early failure in the interface is a common problem of composites of bioglass and a polymer with high mechanical strength. This effect is due to the phase separation, nonhomogeneous mixture, nonuniform mechanical strength, and different degradation properties of two compounds. To address these issues, in this study a nanoscale interaction between poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and bioactive glass was formed via silane coupling agent (3-trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MPMA). A monolith was produced at optimum composition from this hybrid …
Isopropanolic Cimicifuga racemosa is favorable on bone markers but neutral on an osteoblastic cell line
2009
Postmenopausal women treated with an isopropanolic extract of Cimicifuga racemosa underwent a decrease in the urinary concentration of N-telopeptides, a marker of bone resorption, and an increase in alkaline phosphatase, a marker of bone formation, at the third month of therapy. Serum from treated women did not modify the activity of alkaline phosphatase or the expression of three genes, runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx-2), alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin, when added to the MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cell line.
Flavonoids in Bone Erosive Diseases: Perspectives in Osteoporosis Treatment
2020
Imbalance of bone homeostasis, with excessive bone resorption compared with bone formation, leads to the development of progressive osteopenia leading to lower bone resistance to load, with consequent pain and functional limitations. Phytochemicals with therapeutic and preventive effects against bone resorption have recently received increasing attention since they are potentially more suitable for long-term use than traditional therapeutic chemical compounds. In this systematic review of the literature of the past 5 years, comprehensive information is provided on flavonoids with potential antiresorption and pro-osteogenic effects. It aims to highlight the molecular mechanisms of these mole…