Search results for "Outgroup"
showing 10 items of 28 documents
Mitigating anticipated effects of systematic errors supports sister-group relationship between Xenacoelomorpha and Ambulacraria.
2019
International audience; Xenoturbella and the acoelomorph worms (Xenacoelomorpha) are simple marine animals with controversial affinities. They have been placed as the sister group of all other bilaterian animals (Nephrozoa hypothesis), implying their simplicity is an ancient characteristic ]; alternatively, they have been linked to the complex Ambulacraria (echinoderms and hemichordates) in a clade called the Xenambulacraria , suggesting their simplicity evolved by reduction from a complex ancestor. The difficulty resolving this problem implies the phylogenetic signal supporting the correct solution is weak and affected by inadequate modeling, creating a misleading non-phylogenetic signal. …
The Impact of Negative Parasocial and Vicarious Contact with Refugees in the Media on Attitudes toward Refugees
2019
Contact with members of outgroups is an important factor for ingroup members’ attitudes toward these groups. Ingroup members can also come into contact with outgroups in the media. This media conta...
Using Power as a Negative Cue: How Conspiracy Mentality Affects Epistemic Trust in Sources of Historical Knowledge.
2018
Classical theories of attitude change point to the positive effect of source expertise on perceived source credibility persuasion, but there is an ongoing societal debate on the increase in anti-elitist sentiments and conspiracy theories regarding the allegedly untrustworthy power elite. In one correlational ( N = 275) and three experimental studies ( N = 195, N = 464, N = 225), we tested the novel idea that people who endorse a conspiratorial mind-set (conspiracy mentality) indeed exhibit markedly different reactions to cues of epistemic authoritativeness than those who do not: Whereas the perceived credibility of powerful sources decreased with the recipients' conspiracy mentality, that o…
The dynamics of radical right-wing populist party preferences and perceived group threat: A comparative panel analysis of three competing hypotheses …
2014
Existing cross-sectional research considers citizens' preferences for radical right-wing populist (RRP) parties to be centrally driven by their perception that immigrants threaten the well-being of the national ingroup. However, longitudinal evidence for this relationship is largely missing. To remedy this gap in the literature, we developed three competing hypotheses to investigate: (a) whether perceived group threat is temporally prior to RRP party preferences, (b) whether RRP party preferences are temporally prior to perceived group threat, or (c) whether the relation between perceived group threat and RRP party preferences is bidirectional. Based on multiwave panel data from the Netherl…
Humane Orientation as a New Cultural Dimension of the GLOBE Project: A Validation Study of the GLOBE Scale and Out-Group Humane Orientation in 25 Cou…
2013
SCHLÖSSER, Oliver; HEINTZE, Anna-Maria; AL-NAJJAR, Musaed; ARCISZEWSKI, Thomas; BESEVEGIS, Elias; BISHOP, George David; BONNES, Mirilia; CLEGG, Chris W.; DROZDA-SENKOWSKA, Ewa; GABORIT, Mauricio; GARZON, Dayra; HANSEN, Tia G. B.; HESZEN, Irena; JUHASZ, Marta; KEATING, Mary A.; MANGUNDJAYA, Wustari; MANSOR, Norma; MITCHELSON, Jacqueline K.; ORTIZ-REYNOSO, Alejandra; PANDEY, Janak; PAVAKANUN, Ubolwanna; PAVLOPOULOS, Vassilis; PEIRO, Jose M.; POTOCNIK, Kristina; RESTREPO-ESPINOSA, Maria H.; SEMMER, Norbert; TUPINAMBA, Antonio Caubi Ribeiro; VENTURA, Elizabeth R.; WHOOLERY, Matthew; ZHANG, Kan. Humane orientation as a new cultural dimension of the globe project: a validation study of the globe …
‘White men can’t jump in a black basketball game?’ An exploratory investigation of implicit strategies of outgroup discrimination
2017
AbstractExamining the ‘natural’ athlete myth and utilizing the recent literature on cultural/social factors in athleticism and basketball, this study through survey research examines the influence of stereotypes on the impression formation of basketball players. The primary research question is to determine from a group of students the attitudes of basketball players in terms of how they evaluate white and black players in basketball. The purpose is to identify participants’ perceptions and their appreciation as to whether or not black are superior to white basketball players. The theoretical framework employed is articulated around the theory of social categorization and racial stereotypes…
In-group favouritism and out-group derogation towards national groups: Age-related differences among Italian school children
2013
Abstract Recently many researchers investigated intergroup attitudes among children, but only few studies analyzed developmental pathways of in-group favouritism and out-group derogation in considerable samples across broad age ranges. The present study aims at examining age-related differences in in-group favouritism and out-group derogation towards national groups among Italian children. Six hundred-seven children (305 males, 302 females), aged 6–12 living in Italy, were asked to answer an individual interview, making various evaluations of the national in-group and of 2 salient national out-groups (German and English). For research purposes 3 measures were used: number of positive traits…
The development of ingroup favouritism and outgroup derogatiom towards national groups amongst italian children
2008
Modeling the Effects of Religious Belief and Affiliation on Prosociality
2021
To what extent do supernatural beliefs, group affiliation, and social interaction produce values and behaviors that benefit others, i.e., 'prosociality'? Addressing this question involves multiple variables interacting within complex social networks that shape and constrain the beliefs and behaviors of individuals. We examine the relationships among some of these factors utilizing data from the World Values Survey to inform the construction of an Agent-Based Model. The latter was able to identify the conditions under which – and the mechanisms by which – the prosociality of simulated agents was increased or decreased within an “artificial society” designed to reflect real world parameters. …
Choosing Who You Are: The Structure and Behavioral Effects of Revealed Identification Preferences
2017
Differences in individuals’ social identity have recently been shown to explain differences in behavior. But where do differences in social identity come from? Theory claims that identification allows people to affect their social identity by choosing who they are. Accordingly, this paper treats social identity as a choice and analyzes its behavioral effects. We find identification to be systematically related to behavioral heterogeneity in group-specific social preferences. In a first step, we measure identification preferences using a revealed preference approach in a laboratory experiment. Confirming social identity theory, participants reveal a stronger identification preference for gro…