Search results for "PAPER"
showing 10 items of 2166 documents
Coordination polymer flexibility leads to polymorphism and enables a crystalline solid-vapour reaction: a multi-technique mechanistic study.
2015
Despite an absence of conventional porosity, the 1D coordination polymer [Ag4 (O2 C(CF2 )2 CF3 )4 (TMP)3 ] (1; TMP=tetramethylpyrazine) can absorb small alcohols from the vapour phase, which insert into AgO bonds to yield coordination polymers [Ag4 (O2 C(CF2 )2 CF3 )4 (TMP)3 (ROH)2 ] (1-ROH; R=Me, Et, iPr). The reactions are reversible single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformations. Vapour-solid equilibria have been examined by gas-phase IR spectroscopy (K=5.68(9)×10(-5) (MeOH), 9.5(3)×10(-6) (EtOH), 6.14(5)×10(-5) (iPrOH) at 295 K, 1 bar). Thermal analyses (TGA, DSC) have enabled quantitative comparison of two-step reactions 1-ROH→1→2, in which 2 is the 2D coordination polymer [Ag4 (O2 …
3-Benzyl-3-hy-droxy-2-phenyl-3H-indole 1-oxide.
2010
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C21H17NO2, contains two crystallographically independent molecules of similar geometry. The indole ring systems form dihedral angles of 8.30 (5) and 9.58 (5)° with the attached phenyl rings, and 56.96 (5) and 57.68 (5)° with the aromatic rings of the respective benzyl groups. The molecular conformations are stabilized by intramolecular C—H...O hydrogen bonds. In the crystal structure, centrosymmetrically related pairs of molecules are linked into dimers through pairs of intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds, generating 12-membered rings with R22(12) motifs. The dimers are…
The Evolution of the Global Paper Industry: Concluding Remarks
2012
This concluding chapter summarizes the findings of the volume, and combines those findings with a comparative life-cycle perspective. We demonstrate how pulp and paper industry companies have emerged and exited in different countries. We highlight technology, raw materials, markets and products as factors explaining changes in industry structure and dominance. We demonstrate that industrial growth and the accumulation of technological knowledge require a certain maturity of political systems, regulation, and organization of research and development. Likewise, similarities between regions that lose their competitive advantage are characterized by saturation of demand, thereby weakening incen…
Filtration process cost in submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) for urban wastewater treatment
2015
[EN] The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the main factors affecting the cost of the filtration process in submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) for urban wastewater (UWW) treatment. Experimental data for CAPEX/OPEX calculations was obtained in an AnMBR system featuring industrial-scale hollow-fiber (HF) membranes. Results showed that operating at J(20) slightly higher than the critical flux results in minimum CAPEX/OPEX. The minimum filtration process cost ranged from Euro0.03 to Euro0.12 per m(3), mainly depending on SGD(m) (from 0.05 to 0.3 m(3)m(-2)h(-1)) and MLSS (from 5 to 25 gL-1). The optimal SGD(m) resulted in approx. 0.1 m(3)m(-2)h(-1).
Effect of a novel physical pretreatment process on the drying kinetics of seedless grapes
2000
In this paper an alternative physical method for enhancing the drying rate of seedless grapes is proposed. It consists of the superficial abrasion of the grape peel using an inert abrasive material. The effectiveness of this novel process was compared to that of the traditional ethyl oleate dipping process by analysing not only their respective drying times, but also the peel surfaces by scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the drying kinetics of the above two treatments was reconstructed by using a mathematical model in which the grape pretreatment used was assumed to affect the water diffusivity in the grape peel, but not in the grape pulp. Even though the abrasion method was found to …
Physical pre-treatment of plums (Prunus domestica). Part 1. Modelling the kinetics of drying
2002
An alternative physical method for enhancing the drying rate of plums is proposed. It consists of the superficial abrasion of the plums' peel using an inert abrasive material to remove the cuticular waxy layer, the limiting factor for moisture loss. The physical pre-treatment was compared with a chemical treatment in which the plums were dipped into a solution of ethyl oleate. The drying kinetics of the above samples, including the untreated one, were reconstructed by using a mathematical model. The drying process, carried out at 60 C to reduce the prunes' quality loss, showed the great capability of both pre-treatments to enhance water diffusivity in the plum peel with respect to the untre…
Action of low doses of Aspirin in Inflammation and Oxidative Stress induced by aβ
2019
Aspirin has been used as anti-inflammatory and anti-aggregate for decades but the precise mechanism(s) of action after the presence of the toxic peptide Aβ1-42 in cultured astrocytes remains poorly resolved. Here we use low-doses of aspirin (10-7 M) in astrocytes in primary culture in presence or absence of Aβ1-42 toxic peptide. We noted an increase of cell viability and proliferation with or without Aβ1-42 peptide presence in aspirin treated cells. In addition, a decrease in apoptosis, determined by Caspase 3 activity and the expression of Cyt c and Smac/Diablo, were detected. Also, aspirin diminished necrosis process (LDH levels), pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-β and TNF-α) and NF-ᴋB prot…
Modulation of acute and chronic inflammatory processes by cacospongionolide B, a novel inhibitor of human synovial phospholipase A2.
1999
1. Cacospongionolide B is a novel marine metabolite isolated from the sponge Fasciospongia cavernosa. In in vitro studies, this compound inhibited phospholipase A2 (PLA2), showing selectivity for secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) versus cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2), and its potency on the human synovial enzyme (group II) was similar to that of manoalide. 2. This activity was confirmed in vivo in the 8 h zymosan-injected rat air pouch, on the secretory enzyme accumulating in the pouch exudate. Cacospongionolide B, that is bioavailable when is given orally, reduced the elevated levels of sPLA2 present in paw homogenates of rats with adjuvant arthritis. 3. This marine metabolite showed topical anti-inflammator…
Efficacy of a functional therapy program for depression and c-reactive protein: A pilot study
2021
Objective: Affecting more than 264 million people, depression is a systemic and multifactorial disorder that represents one of the leading causes of illness and disability worldwide. Several studies showed an inflammatory response in depressed patients, including the involvement of both chronic low-grade inflammatory response and activation of cell-mediated immunity. The present study aimed to verify the efficacy of a structured functional therapy program for patients with depressed mood, and to determine whether this program can significantly reduce levels of C-reactive protein. Method: 28 outpatients with depressed mood received 20 individual sessions of Functional therapy. Data about soc…
Meter for the Quantitative Analysis of Newspaper Sport Material
2016
This article presents a meter for the quantitative analysis of newspaper sport material. The meter makes it possible to measure and classify newspaper sport material in detail. The meter has three levels. The selected level depends on the research purpose and desired measurement accuracy. Measurement can focus on a certain level, or all levels can be used together. Individual variables can also be utilized at a certain level. The three levels with respective level units of observation are: 1) articles, photos, and graphics; 2) sets of articles; and 3) sets of data materials. The use of each level is presented in the article. The article also contains a summary of the newspaper sport materia…