Search results for "PATHOLOGY"

Common Data Elements for Muscle Biopsy Reporting

2015

Context There is no current standard among myopathologists for reporting muscle biopsy findings. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke has recently launched a common data element (CDE) project to standardize neuromuscular data collected in clinical reports and to facilitate their use in research. Objective To develop a more-uniform, prospective reporting tool for muscle biopsies, incorporating the elements identified by the CDE project, in an effort to improve reporting and educational resources. Design The variation in current biopsy reporting practice was evaluated through a study of 51 muscle biopsy reports from self-reported diagnoses of genetically confirmed or u…

At-home laser treatment of oral neuronal disorders : case reports

2017

The neuronal disorders occurring in the oral district are mainly anaesthesia, paraesthesia, hypoesthesia and hyperaesthesia and they may occur frequently after surgical procedures. Medical treatment depends on degree of severity of the nerve injury but, in every case, it must be immediately carried out to reduce immune inflammatory reaction. The aim of this report is to investigate the effectiveness in the recovery of the peripheral nerve lesions of a new laser device recently proposed by the commerce that, due to its reduced size and to be a class I laser according the ANSI classification, may be used at home by the patient himself. Three different cases were treated with this "at-home app…

Elongated styloid process evaluation on digital panoramic radiograph in a North Italian population

2017

Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of elongated styloid process in digital panoramic radiographs in a North Italian population in relation to age, gender and side. Material and methods This study was performed as a retrospective analysis on digital panoramic radiographs of 600 (271 males and 329 females) Italian patients between 6 and 87 years old. The styloid process length were measured using the measuring tool of Sidexis Software. It was measured from the point where it left the temporal bone plate to its tip. Styloid processes measuring more than 30 mm were considered elongated. Chi-squared and Fisher tests were used and the test is considered significant if …

Diagnostic Criteria for Parkinson's Disease: From James Parkinson to the Concept of Prodromal Disease.

2018

The diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is based on clinical features and differently to the common opinion that detecting this condition is easy, seminal clinico-pathological studies have shown that up one-fourth of patients diagnosed as PD during life has an alternative diagnosis at post-mortem. The misdiagnosis is even higher when only the initial diagnosis is considered, since the diagnostic accuracy improves by time, during follow-up visits. Given that the confirmation of the diagnosis of PD can be only obtained through neuropathology, to improve and facilitate the diagnostic-therapeutic workup in PD, a number of criteria and guidelines have been introduced in the last three decades.…

Renal Oncocytomas (Typical and Atypical Variants): A Pathologic, Immunohistochemical, Morphometric, and Flow Cytometric Differential Study of 14 Case…

1996

Eight conventional and six atypical oncocytomas in a series of 147 renal neoplasms were studied. Histopathologic findings revealed exclusively oncocytic cells, but cellular polymorphism was higher in the atypical tumors. Atypical oncocytomas presented focal necrosis, transcapsular invasion, or both. Electron microscopy showed similar findings in all cases. Immunohistochemistry of atypical oncocytomas had higher expression against proliferating cell nuclear antigen and more discontinuous immunostaining against laminin than typical ones. Flow cytometry revealed one or two aneuploid peaks in five typical and two atypical cases, although the latter had a higher proliferative fraction than typi…

Cardiovascular disease in aging: an overview on thoracic aortic aneurysm as an emerging inflammatory disease

2017

Medial degeneration associated with thoracic aortic aneurysm and acute aortic dissection was originally described by Erdheim as a noninflammatory lesion related to the loss of smooth muscle cells and elastic fibre fragmentation in the media. Recent evidences propose the strong role of a chronic immune/inflammatory process in aneurysm evocation and progression. The coexistence of inflammatory cells with markers of apoptotic vascular cell death in the media of ascending aorta with aneurysms and type A dissections raises the possibility that activated T cells and macrophages may contribute to the elimination of smooth muscle cells and degradation of the matrix. On the other hand, several infla…

Interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis: current and future treatment.

2017

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) has the highest fatality rate among connective tissue diseases and is characterized by vascular damage, inflammation and fibrosis of the skin and various internal organs. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) frequently complicates SSc and can be a debilitating disorder with a poor prognosis. ILD is the most frequent cause of death in SSc, and the management of SSc–ILD patients is a great challenge. Early detection of pulmonary involvement based on a recent decline of lung function tests and on the extent of lung involvement at high-resolution computed tomography is critical for the best management of these patients. This article summarizes classification, pathogenesis,…

Serial combination of noninvasive tools improves the diagnostic accuracy of severe liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2017

ISL1 is a major susceptibility gene for classic bladder exstrophy and a regulator of urinary tract development

2017

AbstractPreviously genome-wide association methods in patients with classic bladder exstrophy (CBE) found association with ISL1, a master control gene expressed in pericloacal mesenchyme. This study sought to further explore the genetics in a larger set of patients following-up on the most promising genomic regions previously reported. Genotypes of 12 markers obtained from 268 CBE patients of Australian, British, German Italian, Spanish and Swedish origin and 1,354 ethnically matched controls and from 92 CBE case-parent trios from North America were analysed. Only marker rs6874700 at the ISL1 locus showed association (p = 2.22 × 10−08). A meta-analysis of rs6874700 of our previous and prese…

Role of Thr399Ile and Asp299Gly polymorphisms of toll-like receptor-4 gene in acute dental abscess

2017

Background Apical Periodontitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease that affects the tissues surrounding the root end of a tooth. The disease which is caused by endodontic infections presents in different clinical ways including development of an acute abscess. Recent studies have provided information suggesting role of a multitude of factors in pathogenesis of acute apical abscess (AAA). In this case-control study, our goal was to evaluate the frequency and potential role of two common polymorphisms of toll like receptor-4 (TLR-4) gene; Thr399Ile (1196 C>T) and Asp299Gly (+896 A>G), in 50 patients with AAA as cases and 50 patients with asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP) as controls. Mater…