Search results for "PIP"
showing 10 items of 1156 documents
Evaluating the Effects of Sediment Transport on Pipe Flow Resistance
2021
In this paper, the applicability of a theoretical flow resistance law to sediment-laden flow in pipes is tested. At first, the incomplete self-similarity (ISS) theory is applied to deduce the velocity profile and the corresponding flow resistance law. Then the available database of measurements carried out by clear water and sediment-laden flows with sediments having a quasi-uniform sediment size and three different values of the mean particle diameter Dm (0.88 mm, 0.41 mm and 0.30 mm) are used to calibrate the Γ parameter of the power-velocity profile. The fitting of the measured local velocity to the power distribution demonstrates that (i) for clear flow the exponent δ can be estimated b…
Direct numerical simulation of turbulent heat transfer in curved pipes
2012
Fully developed turbulent convective heat transfer in curved pipes was investigated by Direct Numerical Simulation for a friction velocity Reynolds number of 500, yielding bulk Reynolds numbers between 12 630 and ~17 350 according to the curvature (pipe radius/curvature radius). Three different curvatures were compared, i.e. 0 (straight pipe), 0.1 and 0.3. The Prandtl number was 0.86. The computational domain was a tract of pipe 5 diameters in length. A finite volume method was used, with multiblock structured grids of ~5.3x10E6 hexahedral volumes. Simulations were typically protracted for 20 LETOT’s starting from coarse-grid results. Results were post-processed to compute first and second …
Some Classes of Operators on Partial Inner Product Spaces
2012
Many families of function spaces, such as $L^{p}$ spaces, Besov spaces, amalgam spaces or modulation spaces, exhibit the common feature of being indexed by one parameter (or more) which measures the behavior (regularity, decay properties) of particular functions. All these families of spaces are, or contain, scales or lattices of Banach spaces and constitute special cases of the so-called \emph{partial inner product spaces (\pip s)} that play a central role in analysis, in mathematical physics and in signal processing (e.g. wavelet or Gabor analysis). The basic idea for this structure is that such families should be taken as a whole and operators, bases, frames on them should be defined glo…
Metric Operators, Generalized Hermiticity and Lattices of Hilbert Spaces
2015
Pseudo-Hermitian quantum mechanics (QM) is a recent, unconventional, approach to QM, based on the use of non-self-adjoint Hamiltonians, whose self-adjointness can be restored by changing the ambient Hilbert space, via a so-called metric operator. The PT-symmetric Hamiltonians are usually pseudo-Hermitian operators, a term introduced a long time ago by Dieudonné for characterizing those bounded operators A that satisfy a relation of the form GA = A G, where G is a metric operator, that is, a strictly positive self-adjoint operator. This chapter explores further the structure of unbounded metric operators, in particular, their incidence on similarity. It examines the notion of similarity betw…
Therapeutic Monitoring of Aripiprazole by HPLC with Column-Switching and Spectrophotometric Detection
2005
Aripiprazole is a novel atypical antipsychotic drug for the treatment of schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders (1)(2)(3). The drug is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 isoenzymes 3A4 and 2D6 (4). Because of high interindividual variability in the expression of these enzymes, the aripiprazole concentration varies among healthy individuals after administration of the drug (5). In patients, insufficient response or side effects, such as somnolence, akathisia, or nausea, may result from too low or too high drug concentrations. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), which is established practice for many antipsychotic drugs (6)(7), may be helpful for patients treated with aripiprazole. We mea…
Pharmacokinetic rationale for switching from donepezil to galantamine.
2001
Galantamine, the most recently approved acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) for use in the United States, has allosteric modulating activity at nicotinic receptors and inhibits acetylcholinesterase. This dual mechanism of action may make galantamine an attractive option for patients with Alzheimer's disease who have not benefited from their current therapy; thus, methods for switching patients from donepezil or rivastigmine to galantamine are needed. Protocols for switching patients from one AChEI to another must consider both the time required for washout of the first drug and the rate of dose escalation of the second drug. Both issues depend on the pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, a…
Intracellular retention of ABL kinase inhibitors determines commitment to apoptosis in CML cells
2012
PLoS one 7(7), e40853 (2012). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0040853
Waveforms clustering and single-station location of microearthquake multiplets recorded in the northern Sicilian offshore region
2013
In 2009 December, the OBSLab-INGV (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia) deployed an Ocean Bottom Seismometer with Hydrophone (OBS/H) near the epicentral area of the main shock of the Palermo seismic sequence of 2002. The monitoring activity had a total duration of about 8 months. During this experiment, the OBS/H recorded 247 very local microearthquakes, whose local magnitude is between -0.5 and 2.5 and TS - TP delay time between 0.2 and 5 s, almost all ofwhichwere undetected by the Italian National Seismic Network. This local microseismicity has been analysed using an innovative clustering technique that exploits the similarity between the waveforms generated by different events…
West Nile virus in Spain: Forecasting the geographical distribution of risky areas with an ecological niche modelling approach.
2021
West Nile virus (WNV), a well-known emerging vector-borne arbovirus with a zoonotic life cycle, represents a threat to both public and animal health. Transmitted by ornithophilic mosquitoes, its transmission is difficult to predict and even more difficult to prevent. The massive and unprecedented number of human cases and equid outbreaks in Spain during 2020 interpellates for new approaches. For the first time, we present an integrate analysis from a niche perspective to provide an insight to the situation of West Nile disease (WND) in Spain. Our modelling approach benefits from the combined use of global occurrence records of outbreaks of WND in equids and of its two alleged main vectors i…
Sediment Transport and Hydrodynamic Parameters of Tsunami Waves Recorded in Onshore Geoarchives
2014
In regions with a short historical tsunami record, the assessment of long-term tsunami risk strongly depends on geological evidence of prehistoric events. Whereas dating tsunami deposits is already well established, magnitude assessment based on remaining sedimentary structures is still a major challenge. In this study, two approaches were applied to deduce transport processes and hydrodynamic parameters of tsunami events from onshore deposits found in the coastal plain of Ban Bang Sak, SW Thailand: (1) The maximum offshore sediment source was determined using granulometry, geochemistry, mineralogy and foraminifera of the tsunamites, and reference samples from various marine and terrestrial…