Search results for "PIXE"

showing 10 items of 428 documents

Monitoring global vegetation with the Yearly Land Cover Dynamics (YLCD) method

2011

Global vegetation has been traditionally monitored mainly through the use of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Land surface temperature (LST) provides additional information, and is generally less affected by atmospheric conditions when water vapor is taken into account. The Yearly Land Cover Dynamics (YLCD) method can then be used to retrieve 3 parameters which allow for a good differentiation between biomes at the global and local levels. Using NASA's Long Term Data Record (LTDR), the YLCD method has been applied to IDR (iterative Interpolation for Data Reconstruction) reconstructed LTDR data, in order to account for atmospheric contamination of part of the dataset for a …

Land surface temperaturePixelBiomeEnvironmental scienceLand coverVegetationNormalized Difference Vegetation IndexWater vaporRemote sensingInterpolation2011 6th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multi-temporal Remote Sensing Images (Multi-Temp)
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MuPix and ATLASPix -- Architectures and Results

2020

High Voltage Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (HV-MAPS) are based on a commercial High Voltage CMOS process and collect charge by drift inside a reversely biased diode. HV-MAPS represent a promising technology for future pixel tracking detectors. Two recent developments are presented. The MuPix has a continuous readout and is being developed for the Mu3e experiment whereas the ATLASPix is being developed for LHC applications with a triggered readout. Both variants have a fully monolithic design including state machines, clock circuitries and serial drivers. Several prototypes and design variants were characterised in the lab and in testbeam campaigns to measure efficiencies, noise, time reso…

Large Hadron ColliderFinite-state machinePhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPixelComputer scienceDetectorFOS: Physical sciencesHigh voltageInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Tracking (particle physics)7. Clean energyNoise (electronics)Electronic engineeringDetectors and Experimental Techniquesddc:620physics.ins-detEngineering & allied operationsDiode
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Architecture-Driven Level Set Optimization: From Clustering to Sub-pixel Image Segmentation

2016

Thanks to their effectiveness, active contour models (ACMs) are of great interest for computer vision scientists. The level set methods (LSMs) refer to the class of geometric active contours. Comparing with the other ACMs, in addition to subpixel accuracy, it has the intrinsic ability to automatically handle topological changes. Nevertheless, the LSMs are computationally expensive. A solution for their time consumption problem can be hardware acceleration using some massively parallel devices such as graphics processing units (GPUs). But the question is: which accuracy can we reach while still maintaining an adequate algorithm to massively parallel architecture? In this paper, we attempt to…

Level set methodComputer science0211 other engineering and technologiesInitialization02 engineering and technology[ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingLevel setgraphics processing units0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringLevel set methodComputer visionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCluster analysisMassively parallelimage segmentation021101 geological & geomatics engineeringActive contour modelhybrid CPU-GPU architecturebusiness.industryImage segmentationSubpixel renderingComputer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionControl and Systems EngineeringHardware acceleration020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligencebusiness[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processingSoftwareInformation Systems
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2-D mapping of skin chromophores in the spectral range 500 - 700 nm

2009

The multi-spectral imaging technique has been used for distant mapping of in-vivo skin chromophores by analyzing spectral data at each reflected image pixel and constructing 2-D maps of the relative concentrations of oxy-/deoxy-haemoglobin and melanin. Instead of using a broad visible-NIR spectral range, this study focuses on narrowed spectral band 500–700 nm, speeding-up the signal processing procedure. Regression analysis confirmed that superposition of three Gaussians is optimal analytic approximation for the oxy-haemoglobin absorption tabular spectrum in this spectral band, while superposition of two Gaussians fits well for deoxy-haemoglobin absorption and exponential function – for mel…

LightUltraviolet RaysGeneral Physics and AstronomySkin Pigmentationmedicine.disease_causeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyFingersHemoglobinsSuperposition principleOpticsmedicineHumansGeneral Materials ScienceLeast-Squares AnalysisAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)SkinMelaninsSignal processingPixelbusiness.industryChemistryGeneral EngineeringGeneral ChemistrySpectral bandsChromophoreExponential functionOxyhemoglobinsbusinessUltravioletJournal of Biophotonics
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An adapted optical flow algorithm for robust quantification of cardiac wall motion from standard cine-MR examinations

2012

International audience; This paper presents a method for local myocardial motion estimation from a conventional steady-state free precession cine-MRI sequence using a modified phase-based optical flow (OF) technique. Initially, the technique was tested on synthetic images to evaluate its robustness with regards to Rician noise and to brightness variations. The method was then applied to cardiac images acquired on 11 healthy subjects. Myocardial velocity is measured in centimeter per second in each studied pixel and visualized as colored vectors superimposed on MRI images. The estimated phase-based OF results were compared with a reference OF method and gave similar results on synthetic imag…

MaleBrightnessPhysics::Medical Physics[INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging02 engineering and technology030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingmotion estimation0302 clinical medicineCine-MRI0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringImage Processing Computer-AssistedComputer visionMESH : FemaleOptical filterMESH : AlgorithmsMathematicsMESH: Middle Aged[ INFO.INFO-IM ] Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingGeneral MedicineMESH: Magnetic Resonance Imaging CineMiddle AgedMESH : AdultMESH : Magnetic Resonance Imaging CineMESH: Image Processing Computer-AssistedComputer Science Applicationscardiovascular system020201 artificial intelligence & image processingFemaleAlgorithmsMESH : Image Processing Computer-AssistedBiotechnologyAdultMESH : MaleOptical flowMagnetic Resonance Imaging CineImage processingMESH: Algorithmsheartoptical flow03 medical and health sciencesMESH : HeartRobustness (computer science)Motion estimation[ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingHumansMESH : Middle AgedElectrical and Electronic EngineeringCentimeterMESH: HumansPixelbusiness.industryMESH : HumansMESH: AdultMESH: MaleMESH: HeartArtificial intelligencebusinessMESH: Female[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
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Evaluation of Deep Neural Networks for Semantic Segmentation of Prostate in T2W MRI

2020

In this paper, we present an evaluation of four encoder&ndash

MaleSimilarity (geometry)Computer scienceSegNet02 engineering and technologylcsh:Chemical technologyBiochemistryArticleencoder–decoder030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingAnalytical Chemistry03 medical and health sciencesProstate cancer0302 clinical medicineProstateImage Processing Computer-Assisted0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicineHumanslcsh:TP1-1185SegmentationElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentationmedicine.diagnostic_testPixelbusiness.industryProstateCNNsPattern recognitionMagnetic resonance imagingFCNmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingU-NetAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSemanticsIntensity normalizationmedicine.anatomical_structureDeepLabV3+Deep neural networks020201 artificial intelligence & image processingNeural Networks ComputerArtificial intelligencebusinessDNNSensors
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Stereo Matching Tecniques for Cloud-top Height Retrieval

2006

This paper presents an ongoing study for the estimation of the cloud-top height by using only geometrical methods. It is based on the hypothesis that an infra-red camera is on board a satellite and pairs of images concern nearly the same scene. Stereo-vision techniques are therefore explored in order to test the methodology for height retrieval and in particular results of several techniques of stereo matching are evaluated. This study includes area-based matching algorithms by implementing the basic versions, without considering any further steps of optimisation to improve the results. Dense depth maps are the final outputs whose reliability is verified by computing error statistics with r…

Matching (statistics)Ground truthPixelCloud-top height multi view stereo matching algorithms satellite infra red images optical flowSettore INF/01 - Informaticabusiness.industryComputer scienceCloud topComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONImage processingData setSet (abstract data type)Computer visionArtificial intelligencebusiness
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Detection of planar defects caused by ion irradiation in Si using molecular dynamics

2007

We have analyzed the evolution of defects caused by self-irradiation of crystalline silicon. A classical molecular dynamics simulation was followed by defect analysis using the Pixel Mapping (PM) method. The PM identified {311} planar defects and long-chain structures of the so-called interstitial chains following low energy (1 keV) ion impact. The areal density obtained from simulation of self-interstitial atoms was about two thirds of that of experiments reported in the literature [Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 30 (1991) L639], while the atomic configuration on respective planes agreed exactly.

Materials scienceIon beamPixel mappingSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsIonMolecular dynamicsPlanarMaterials ChemistryIrradiationCrystalline siliconArea densityAtomic physicsSurface and Coatings Technology
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Assessment of age-related skin changes using hyperspectral polarization imaging

2019

Abstract We report a development of hyperspectral polarization imaging approach for assessment of age-related skin changes. The degree of residual polarization is used as a quantitative marker of the age-related pathological malformations. The developed approach in frame of express analysis of the degree of residual polarization in each pixel of the image are shown.

Materials scienceLight detectionPixelHyperspectral imagingPolarization imagingHyperspectral imagingPolarization (waves)Diabetes mellitusSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingAge relatedPolarization/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingCollagensense organsResidual polarizationAdvanced glycation end-productsBiomedical engineering
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Imaging of laser-excited tissue autofluorescence bleaching rates.

2009

Experimental methodology for imaging of laser-excited tissue autofluorescence bleaching rates has been developed and clinically tested. The fluorescence images were periodically captured from the same tissue area over a certain time, with subsequent detection of the fluorescence intensity decrease rate at each image pixel and further imaging the planar distribution of those values. Spectral features at each image pixel were analyzed with a hyperspectral imaging camera. Details of the equipment and image processing are described as well as some measurement results that confirm the feasibility of the proposed technology.

Materials scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Multispectral imageImage processingSkin DiseasesIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringFluorescence spectroscopyFluorescencelaw.inventionPlanarOpticslawDigital image processingImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansBusiness and International ManagementSkinPhotobleachingPixelbusiness.industryLasersHyperspectral imagingLaserMicroscopy FluorescenceFeasibility StudiesbusinessApplied optics
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