Search results for "PREP"

showing 10 items of 1334 documents

Rugged Large Volume Injection for Sensitive Capillary LC-MS Environmental Monitoring

2017

A rugged and high throughput capillary column (cLC) LC-MS switching platform using large volume injection and on-line automatic filtration and filter back-flush (AFFL) solid phase extraction (SPE) for analysis of environmental water samples with minimal sample preparation is presented. Although narrow columns and on-line sample preparation are used in the platform, high ruggedness is achieved e.g. injection of 100 non-filtrated water samples would did not result in a pressure rise/clogging of the SPE/capillary columns (inner diameter 300 µm). In addition, satisfactory retention time stability and chromatographic resolution were also features of the system. The potential of the platform for …

Resolution (mass spectrometry)Capillary actionAnalytical chemistry02 engineering and technologycapillary LC01 natural scienceslaw.inventionlcsh:ChemistrylawLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometrySample preparationSolid phase extractionon-line solid phase extractionFiltrationOriginal ResearchDetection limitChromatographyChemistry010401 analytical chemistryGeneral ChemistryRepeatability021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencespharmaceutical productsChemistrylcsh:QD1-999column switchinglarge volume injection0210 nano-technologyFrontiers in Chemistry
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Potential of human serum albumin as chiral selector of basic drugs in affinity electrokinetic chromatography-partial filling technique

2006

The enantiomeric resolution of compounds using HSA by means of affinity EKC (AEKC)-partial filling technique is the result of a delicate balance between different experimental variables such as protein concentration, running pH (background electrophoretic buffer (BGE), protein, and compound solutions), and plug length. In this paper, the possibility of using HSA as chiral selector for enantioseparation of 28 basic drugs using this methodology is studied. The effect of the physicochemical parameters, the structural properties of compounds, and compound-HSA protein binding percentages over their chiral resolution with HSA is outlined. Based on the results obtained, a decision tree is proposed…

Resolution (mass spectrometry)Clinical BiochemistryPlasma protein bindingBuffersBiochemistryChromatography AffinityAnalytical ChemistryElectrokinetic phenomenaMolar volumemedicineHumansSerum AlbuminChromatography Micellar Electrokinetic CapillaryChromatographyMolecular StructureChemistryStereoisomerismHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationHuman serum albuminChiral resolutionbody regionsElectrophoresisPharmaceutical Preparationsembryonic structuresEnantiomerHydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactionsmedicine.drugELECTROPHORESIS
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Trace analysis by ion mobility spectrometry: From conventional to smart sample preconcentration methods. A review.

2018

Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a rapid and high sensitive technique widely used in security and forensic areas. However, a lack of selectivity is usually observed in the analysis of complex samples due to the scarce resolution of the technique. The literature concerning the use of conventional and novel smart materials in the pretreatment and preconcentration of samples previous to IMS determinations has been critically reviewed. The most relevant strategies to enhance selectivity and sensitivity of IMS determinations have been widely discussed, based in the use of smart materials, as immunosorbents, aptamers, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), ionic liquids (ILs) and nanomaterial. …

Resolution (mass spectrometry)Ion-mobility spectrometryPolymersAptamerAnalytic Sample Preparation MethodsIonic LiquidsNanotechnology02 engineering and technologySmart material01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryMolecular ImprintingIon Mobility SpectrometryEnvironmental ChemistrySpectroscopyChemistry010401 analytical chemistryMolecularly imprinted polymerAnalytic Sample Preparation MethodsImmunosorbentsAptamers Nucleotide021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesNanostructures0210 nano-technologyMolecular imprintingImmunosorbentsAnalytica chimica acta
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Microaneurysm detection with radon transform-based classification on retina images.

2012

The creation of an automatic diabetic retinopathy screening system using retina cameras is currently receiving considerable interest in the medical imaging community. The detection of microaneurysms is a key element in this effort. In this work, we propose a new microaneurysms segmentation technique based on a novel application of the radon transform, which is able to identify these lesions without any previous knowledge of the retina morphological features and with minimal image preprocessing. The algorithm has been evaluated on the Retinopathy Online Challenge public dataset, and its performance compares with the best current techniques. The performance is particularly good at low false p…

Retinal ArteryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONSensitivity and SpecificityPattern Recognition AutomatedImage Interpretation Computer-AssistedmedicineMedical imagingPreprocessorHumansSegmentationComputer visionMicroaneurysmDiabetic RetinopathyContextual image classificationRadon transformbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsImage segmentationmedicine.diseaseImage EnhancementAneurysmArtificial intelligencebusinessAlgorithmsRetinopathyRetinoscopy
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Determination of total ribonucleotide pool in plant materials by high-pH anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography following extraction w…

2005

A new, improved method that only requires a potassium hydroxide extraction procedure is presented for the analysis of a full nucleotide pool in plant materials. Quantification was performed by high-pH anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with UV detection after a potassium hydroxide extraction, and allowed the quantification of 13 linear ribonucleotides in a single run. The method has been validated by comparison of six extraction methods and also by measurement of the intracellular nucleotide levels of three plant species (cell cultures and leaves). The evolution of the nucleotide pool of Nicotiana tabacum cell culture during growth has also been measured, and showed an increase in the po…

RibonucleotidePotassium CompoundsNicotiana tabacumIon chromatographyBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundSpecies SpecificityHydroxidesSample preparationAnion Exchange ResinsPotassium hydroxideChromatographybiologyIon exchangeOrganic ChemistryExtraction (chemistry)General MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationPlantsReference StandardsRibonucleotidesChromatography Ion Exchangebiology.organism_classificationchemistryJournal of Chromatography A
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The Evaluation of Four Electronic Apex Locators in Teeth with Simulated Horizontal Oblique Root Fractures

2008

The accuracy of four electronic apex locators (EALs) to locate the apical limit in teeth with simulated horizontal oblique root fractures was investigated. A horizontal oblique incomplete root fracture was simulated on 20 freshly extracted maxillary anterior teeth by means of a notch made on the vestibular root plane 8 mm from the anatomic apex. The EALs investigated were the ProPex (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), the NovApex (Forum Technologies, Rishon Le-Zion, Israel), the Root ZX (J. Morita Corp, Kyoto, Japan), and the Elements Apex Locator (SybronEndo, Orange CA). The electronic measurements were compared with the real "working length." The accuracy obtained was of 80% (n…

Root planebusiness.industryOblique caseDentistryEquipment DesignMaterials testingTooth ApexElectronics MedicalTooth FracturesTooth rootTooth ApexMaterials TestingHumansOdontometryTooth RootbusinessGeneral DentistryRoot Canal PreparationAnterior teethMathematicsJournal of Endodontics
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Tra grammatica e politica: l’uso delle preposizioni v е na davanti al termine Ucraina

2019

This paper analyzes the use of the preposition in that in Ukrainian and Russian can assume the form v or na. In the 20th century the use of both prepositions has assumed political meanings which has diversified the semantics of the expressions na Ukraine and v Ukraine (in Ukraine) and correlates. We aim to show the evolution of meaning of these prepositions, to explain the use of them in Ukrainian and Russian publicist and diplomatic texts, to demonstrate how scholars and publicists motivate the use of v and na and to highlight correlate problems.

Russian languagePolitical scienceUkrainianlanguageIn (preposition) Ukrainian language Russian language Ukraine Linguistic diplomacyHumanitieslanguage.human_language
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Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragments versus information dependent acquisition for suspected-screening of pharmaceuticals in sed…

2019

The aquatic ecosystems are dynamic environments often affected directly or indirectly by a myriad of anthropogenic contaminants that need to be properly identified. In this study, liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QqTOF-MS) suspected-screening was applied to mussels and riverine sediment both, non-spiked and spiked with a mixture of 32 pharmaceuticals. Three data acquisition methods –sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ion spectra (SWATH), in fix (FSWATH) and variable (VSWATH) window modes and Information Dependent Acquisition (IDA)– were compared to determine the most suitable acquisition technique. The results obtained in the spike…

SWATHGeologic SedimentsFix windowIbuprofen010402 general chemistryMass spectrometry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryData acquisitionTandem Mass SpectrometryAnimalsUltra high pressurePesticidesQuadrupole time of flightChromatography High Pressure LiquidAcetaminophenPollutantChromatographyChemistry010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryReproducibility of ResultsSedimentGeneral MedicineMusselContamination0104 chemical sciencesMusselSedimentPharmaceutical PreparationsIDAVariable windowWater Pollutants ChemicalEnvironmental Monitoring
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S. Typhimurium virulence changes caused by exposure to different non-thermal preservation treatments using C. elegans

2017

The aims of this research study were: (i) to postulate Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) as a useful organism to describe infection by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), and (ii) to evaluate changes in virulence of S. Typhimurium when subjected repetitively to different antimicrobial treatments. Specifically, cauliflower by-product infusion, High Hydrostatic Pressure (HHP), and Pulsed Electric Fields (PEF). This study was carried out by feeding C. elegans with different microbial populations: E. coli OP50 (optimal conditions), untreated S. Typhimurium, S. Typhimurium treated once and three times with cauliflower by-product infusion, S. Typhimurium treated once and f…

Salmonella typhimurium0301 basic medicineSerotype030106 microbiologyHydrostatic pressureVirulenceBrassicaMicrobiologyMicrobiologyFoodborne Diseases03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyPulsed Electric FieldsEscherichia coliHydrostatic PressureAnimalsCaenorhabditis elegansCaenorhabditis elegansVirulencebiologyBayes Theorem04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationAntimicrobial040401 food scienceAnti-Bacterial AgentsDisease Models AnimalBayesian survival analysisHigh Hydrostatic PressureSalmonella entericaSalmonella InfectionsbacteriaAntimicrobialPlant PreparationsS typhimuriumFood ScienceInternational Journal of Food Microbiology
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Evaluation of mycotoxins and their metabolites in human breast milk using liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry

2014

Humans can be exposed to mycotoxins through the food chain. Mycotoxins are mainly found as contaminants in food and could be subsequently excreted via biological fluids such as urine or human breast milk in native or metabolised form. Since breast milk is usually supposed as the only food for new-borns, the occurrence of mycotoxins in thirty-five human milk samples was evaluated by a newly developed method based on QuEChERS extraction and UHPLC-HRMS detection. The method described here allows the detection of target mycotoxins in order to determine the quality of this initial feeding. The method has been fully validated, with recoveries ranging from 64% to 93% and relative standard deviatio…

Sample preparationFood ContaminationUrineBreast milkQuechersOrbitrapBiochemistryMass SpectrometryAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundLiquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometrylawPregnancyEnvironmental ChemistryHumansSample preparationMycotoxinHuman breast milkSpectroscopyChromatography High Pressure LiquidChromatographyMilk HumanChemistryHuman milkInfant Newbornfood and beveragesReproducibility of ResultsContaminationMycotoxinsOrbitrapFemaleBiomarkersAnalytica Chimica Acta
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