Search results for "PSYCHOSIS"
showing 10 items of 324 documents
Response and remission of subjective well-being in patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
2009
AbstractBackgroundPurpose of this study was to assess subjective well-being in schizophrenia inpatients and to find variables predictive for response and remission of subjective well-being.MethodThe subjective well-being under neuroleptic treatment scale (SWN-K) was used in 232 schizophrenia patients within a naturalistic multicenter trial. Early response was defined as a SWN-K total score improvement of 20% and by at least 10 points within the first 2 treatment weeks, response as an improvement in SWN-K total score of at least 20% and by at least 10 points from admission to discharge and remission in subjective well-being as a total score of more or equal to 80 points at discharge. Logisti…
Outcome of suicidal patients with schizophrenia: results from a naturalistic study.
2010
Schennach-Wolff R, Jager M, Seemuller F, Obermeier M, Schmauss M, Laux G, Pfeiffer H, Naber D, Schmidt LG, Gaebel W, Klosterkotter J, Heuser I, Maier W, Lemke MR, Ruther E, Klingberg S, Gastpar M, Moller H-J, Riedel M. Outcome of suicidal patients with schizophrenia: results from a naturalistic study. Objective: Purpose was to assess suicidality before and at the time of admission in patients with schizophrenia and compare outcome differences. Method: Biweekly PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), HAMD (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) and UKU (Udvalg for Klinske Undersogelser Side Effect Rating Scale) ratings were evaluated in 339 in-patients with schizophrenic spectrum disorder…
Differential associations of cognitive insight components with pretreatment characteristics in first-episode psychosis
2014
An increasing number of studies have focused on cognitive insight (i.e. awareness of one's own thinking) in psychotic disorders. However, little is known about the premorbid and pretreatment correlates of cognitive insight in the early course of psychosis. One hundred and three patients experiencing first-episode psychosis (FEP) were assessed shortly after treatment initiation for cognitive insight. Pretreatment and baseline clinical, functional and neurocognitive characteristics were examined. The self-reflectiveness dimension of cognitive insight was independently associated with clinical insight and executive functioning, whereas self-certainty was associated with premorbid IQ, premorbid…
A possible association between the CCK-AR gene and persistent auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.
2004
AbstractRecent studies have suggested that DNA variations in the CCK-AR gene might predispose individuals to schizophrenia and particularly to auditory hallucinations (AH). The aim of this study is to assess the association between AH, using a specific scale for AH in schizophrenia (PSYRATS), and the CCK-AR polymorphism at 779 in a Spanish sample. A total of 105 DSM-IV schizophrenic patients with AH and 93 unrelated controls were studied. Twenty-two patients were considered as persistent auditory hallucinators, which showed similar clinical and demographic characteristic than patients with episodic AH, but with the exception of the PSYRATS values. The persistent AH group showed an excess of…
Dimensionality of depression in acute schizophrenia: a methodological study using the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (BRMES).
1998
Abstract Despite the great clinical importance of depressive symptoms in schizophrenia there is a lack of studies on the assessment and evaluation of depression in acutely psychotic patients. For the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (BRMES), among other advantages, the concept of unidimensionality was confirmed in patients with major depression by different methodological approaches including Rasch analysis. The present evaluation was designed to investigate the scale properties of the BRMES in acutely schizophrenic patients with particular emphasis on the dimensionality of the scale. Three different statistical approaches were used: principal component analysis in combination with computer…
The striatal and extrastriatal D2/D3 receptor-binding profile of clozapine in patients with schizophrenia.
2005
Positron emission tomography (PET) studies reveal that clozapine at clinically used doses occupies less than 60% of D2/D3 dopamine receptors in human striatum. Here, the occupancy of D2/D3 dopamine receptors by clozapine in patients with schizophrenia was determined to test the hypothesis that clozapine binds preferentially to extrastriatal dopamine receptors. A total of 15 clozapine-treated inpatients with schizophrenia underwent a [18F]fallypride PET scan. Receptor occupancy was calculated as percent reduction in binding potential relative to unblocked values measured in seven normal volunteers. Mean D2/D3 receptor occupancy was statistically significantly higher in cortical (inferior tem…
Attitude towards adherence in patients with schizophrenia at discharge
2009
Abstract Background Purpose of the present study was to assess the attitude towards adherence at discharge and to verify its predictability using anamnestic and sociodemographic variables, factors influencing clinical treatment as well as the medical treatment applied. Methods Attitude towards adherence was evaluated in 369 inpatients with schizophrenic spectrum disorders within a naturalistic multicenter trial using the Compliance Rating Scale (CRS) by Kemp. Biweekly ratings of the PANSS, UKU and the Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptic Treatment Scale (SWN-K) were applied. Logistic regression and CART analyses were used to determine significant predictor variables for the attitude towa…
Relation of schizophrenia and panic disorder: Evidence from a controlled family study
1995
The intention of this controlled family study was to evaluate reasons for comorbidity of schizophrenia and panic disorder. Observed rates of psychiatric disorders in first-degree relatives of patients and of controls were compared with rates predicted by possible hypotheses explaining comorbidity. The sample consisted of 59 patients with schizophrenia (including seven with schizophreniform disorder), 54 patients with panic disorder (with or without agoraphobia), 29 comorbid patients with lifetime diagnoses of panic disorder and schizophrenia (or schizophreniform disorder, 2 patients) and 109 controls, and their 1068 first-degree relatives. Information from clinical performance, clinical and…
Antipsychotic effects and tolerability of the sigma ligand EMD 57445 (panamesine) and its metabolites in acute schizophrenia: an open clinical trial.
2000
Antipsychotic efficacy and side effects of the selective sigma ligand EMD 57445 (panamesine) were investigated in 12 patients (6 males, 6 females) who met DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia. A 4-week open clinical study revealed only modest effects of EMD 57445 and its metabolites on positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Extrapyramidal and other side effects were moderate, although a significant increase in mild dyskinetic movements was found. Five patients, four of whom were females, completed the trial. Dropouts were mainly due to treatment failure. Antipsychotic effects were significantly greater in female than male patients.
Two-Year Stability of Psychosis Proneness Scales and Their Relations to Personality Disorder Traits
2000
Two-year stability of Physical Anhedonia (PhA), Perceptual Aberration (PER), and Magical Ideation (MI) scale scores and their relation to personality disorder traits were examined. Additionally, the effects of a time-lagged (prospective) versus concurrent measurement of psychosis proneness and personality disorder traits were studied to examine the specificity of MI, PER, and PhA. With a non-college-student sample (n = 404), stability for PhA was sufficiently high, but for PER and MI, stability was moderate to low. The correlations between personality disorder traits and psychosis proneness scales demonstrate that simultaneous assessment leads to a more nonspecific pattern of associations f…