Search results for "Parametric"

showing 10 items of 980 documents

Parametric Solitons in Two-Dimensional Lattices of Purely Nonlinear Origin

2008

We demonstrate spatial solitons via twin-beam second-harmonic generation in hexagonal lattices realized by poling lithium niobate planar waveguides. These simultons can be steered by acting on power, direction, and wavelength of the fundamental frequency input.

Parametric solitonPhysicsTA1501business.industryPolingLithium niobatePhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and AstronomyFundamental frequencyPower (physics)WavelengthNonlinear systemchemistry.chemical_compoundOpticsPlanarchemistryQuantum mechanicsNonlinear photonic crystalsbusinessNonlinear Sciences::Pattern Formation and SolitonsParametric statisticsPhysical Review Letters
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An Automatic Differentiation Based Approach to the Level Set Method

2015

This paper discusses an implementation of the parametric level set method. Adjoint approach is used to perform the sensitivity analysis, but contrary to standard implementations, the state problem is differentiated in its discretized form. The required partial derivatives are computed using tools of automatic differentiation, which avoids the need to derive the adjoint problem from the governing partial differential equation. The augmented Lagrangian approach is used to enforce volume constraints, and a gradient based optimization method is used to solve the subproblems. Applicability of the method is demonstrated by repeating well known compliance minimization studies of a cantilever beam …

Partial differential equationLevel set methodAugmented Lagrangian methodAutomatic differentiationComputer scienceTopology optimizationPartial derivativeApplied mathematicsSensitivity (control systems)Parametric statistics
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Stochastic ship roll motion via path integral method

2010

ABSTRACTThe response of ship roll oscillation under random ice impulsive loads modeled by Poisson arrival process is very important in studying the safety of ships navigation in cold regions. Under both external and parametric random excitations the evolution of the probability density function of roll motion is evaluated using the path integral (PI) approach. The PI method relies on the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation, which governs the response transition probability density functions at two close intervals of time. Once the response probability density function at an early close time is specified, its value at later close time can be evaluated. The PI method is first demonstrated via simple …

Path integrallcsh:Ocean engineeringRandom impulsive ice loadingOcean EngineeringProbability density functionResponse amplitude operatorPoisson distributionShip roll Random impulsive ice loading Poisson distributionsymbols.namesakelcsh:VM1-989Control theorylcsh:TC1501-1800Parametric random excitationChapman-Kolmogorov equationMathematicsParametric statisticsOscillationMathematical analysisDynamics (mechanics)lcsh:Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineeringControl and Systems EngineeringPath integral formulationPoisson distributionsymbolsShip rollSettore ICAR/08 - Scienza Delle CostruzioniChapman–Kolmogorov equationInternational Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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Mapping and quantification of biomolecules in tumor biopsies using bioluminescence

1996

Quantitative bioluminescence and single-photon imaging have been applied for mapping concentration distributions of metabolites, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP), glucose and lactate, in biopsies of cervical cancers in patients. Biopsies were taken before a conventional radiation treatment, and a number of clinically relevant data, such as local tumor control, patient survival, metastatic spread and so forth, were documented. There was no correlation between staging or grading and any of the metabolic parameters measured. Local correlations between ATP, glucose and lactate on a pixel-to-pixel basis were generally positive, with respective Spearman's correlation coefficients less in pati…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyBiopsyUterine Cervical NeoplasmsBiologyStatistics NonparametricMetastasisNecrosisCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceAdenosine TriphosphateNeoplasmsmedicineHumansBioluminescenceIn patientNeoplasm MetastasisMolecular BiologyGrading (tumors)Neoplasm StagingPharmacologyMetabolic imagingSingle photon imagingPatient survivalCell Biologymedicine.diseaseTumor controlSurvival RateGlucoseLuminescent MeasurementsLactatesMolecular MedicineFemaleEnergy MetabolismExperientia
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Preservation of glial cytoarchitecture from ex vivo human tumor and non-tumor cerebral cortical explants: A human model to study neurological diseases

2007

For the human brain, in vitro models that accurately represent what occurs in vivo are lacking. Organotypic models may be the closest parallel to human brain tissue outside of a live patient. However, this model has been limited primarily to rodent-derived tissue. We present an organotypic model to maintain intraoperatively collected human tumor and non-tumor explants ex vivo for a prolonged period of time (similar to 11 days) without any significant changes to the tissue cytoarchitecture as evidenced through immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy analyses. The ability to establish and reliably predict the cytoarchitectural changes that occur with time in an organotypic model of tumor…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyIndolesTime FactorsbrainMatrix (biology)BiologyModels BiologicalStatistics NonparametricArticleOrgan Culture TechniquesMicroscopy Electron TransmissionIn vivoGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinmedicineHumanshumanorganotypicCerebral Cortexelectron microscopyBrain NeoplasmsGeneral NeuroscienceexplantReproducibility of ResultsCell migrationHuman brainMiddle AgedImmunohistochemistrymedicine.anatomical_structureCytoarchitectureImmunohistochemistryFemaleTissue PreservationNervous System DiseasesNeurogliaEx vivoExplant culture
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T2 mapping of the peritumoral infiltration zone of glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma.

2021

Purpose To characterise peritumoral zones in glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma evaluating T2 values using T2 mapping sequences. Materials and methods In this study, 41 patients with histopathologically confirmed World Health Organization high grade gliomas and preoperative magnetic resonance imaging examinations were retrospectively identified and enrolled. High grade gliomas were differentiated: (a) by grade, glioblastoma versus anaplastic astrocytoma; and (b) by isocitrate dehydrogenase mutational state, mutated versus wildtype. T2 map relaxation times were assessed from the tumour centre to peritumoral zones by means of a region of interest and calculated pixelwise by using a fit m…

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtyT2 mappingmultiparametric imagingAstrocytoma03 medical and health sciencesT2 mapping0302 clinical medicineGliomagliomamedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingneoplasmsRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryBrain NeoplasmsMRI (magnetic resonance imaging)General MedicineOriginal Articlesmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingIsocitrate DehydrogenaseMRI - Magnetic resonance imagingnervous system diseases030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMutationNeurology (clinical)businessGlioblastomaInfiltration (medical)030217 neurology & neurosurgeryGlioblastomaAnaplastic astrocytomaThe neuroradiology journal
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Low level 809-nm diode laser-induced in vitro stimulation of the proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts

2002

Background and Objective The authors investigated the effects of low level laser irradiation on the proliferation rate of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) in vitro. Study Design/Materials and Methods HGF were obtained from gingival connective tissue explants and cultured under standard conditions. 110 cell cultures in their logarithmic growth phase were spread on 96-well tissue culture plates and were irradiated at energy fluences of 1.96–7.84 J/cm2. Another 110 cultures served as control. An 809-nm semiconductor laser operated at a power output of 10 mW in the cw-mode was used. The time of exposure varied between 75 and 300 seconds. Laser treatment was performed alternatively once, twice, …

Pathologymedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryLasersmedicine.medical_treatmentGingivaConnective tissueDermatologyFibroblastsIn Vitro TechniquesStatistics NonparametricAndrologyTissue culturemedicine.anatomical_structureRelative fluorescence unitsCell culturemedicineHumansSurgeryIrradiationFibroblastbusinessCells CulturedLow level laser therapyExplant cultureLasers in Surgery and Medicine
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On the Construction of Optimum Categories in Biomedical Data Recognition Problems

1979

The recognition of patterns within sets of biomedical data involves the following problems: a) Proper recording of the data to be used b) Extraction of suitable features c) Choice of categories or classes which are relevant to the medical decision task d) Estimation of the underlying distributions in the case of using parametric methods e) Choice of an adequate classification rule Whereas a lot of theories and procedures exists for most of these steps — particularly in the field of computer-aided differential diagnosis of electrocardiograms (ECG) (see [6]) — there has been only rare considerations on the problems of definition of appropriate categories.

Pattern vectorComputer sciencebusiness.industryQuadratic classifierMachine learningcomputer.software_genreField (computer science)Task (project management)Biomedical dataClassification ruleParametric methodsArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputer
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A statistical study of the quality of surface water intended for human consumption near Valencia (Spain)

2007

Water quality in the European Union is subject to legislation through directives that are applicable in all Member States. The directives specify a set of physical and chemical parameters that should be regularly controlled using a network of sampling points, with sampling based on the intended use of the water. This paper presents the results of a statistical comparison of the quality of water intended for human consumption at two different locations (the Canal de Benagéber and the Canal Júcar-Turia) near the town of Valencia (Spain). These are currently the only canals that could supply Valencia and other nearby towns with drinking water. The parameters considered in this paper are the on…

PercentileEnvironmental Engineeringmedia_common.quotation_subjectColorManagement Monitoring Policy and LawChloridesWater SupplyStatisticsmedia_common.cataloged_instanceQuality (business)CitiesEuropean unionWaste Management and Disposalmedia_commonStatistical hypothesis testingAnalysis of VarianceSulfatesTemperatureNonparametric statisticsEnvironmental engineeringSampling (statistics)General MedicineMetalsSpainEnvironmental scienceWater qualitySurface waterWater Pollutants ChemicalJournal of Environmental Management
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Empirical Estimation of Accumulation-Induced Change in Gill Net Catchability: Mind the Observation Errors

2015

We analyzed cumulative catches for 24 h gill net exposures divided into 4*6 h, 2*12 h and 1*24 h soak time treatments to estimate the reduction in its catchability due to accumulation of fish. The effects of loss of catch during net lifting, disturbance effect and fouling were eliminated as far as possible to reveal the true effect of accumulation. First we applied simple nonparametric and parametric tests in comparison of treatments. As expected, considerable reduction in catchability took place along with the increase in soak time, indicated by significantly lower total 24 h catches from longer soaks in comparison with shorter ones. The reduction was more pronounced for roach than for per…

PerchbiasbiologysaturationSemi-major axista1172Nonparametric statisticskasautuminenbiology.organism_classificationRegressioncatchabilityVariance ratioerror in variablesError varianceOrdinary least squaresStatisticsta1181Fish <Actinopterygii>accumulationMathematicsThe Open Fish Science Journal
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