Search results for "Pathogen"

Immune Modulating Effects of NKT Cells in a Physiologically Low Dose Leishmania major Infection Model after αGalCer Analog PBS57 Stimulation

2014

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infection affecting ∼12 million people worldwide, mostly in developing countries. Treatment options are limited and no effective vaccines exist to date. Natural Killer T (NKT) cells are a conserved innate-like lymphocyte population with immunomodulating effects in various settings. A number of reports state a role of NKT cells in different models of Leishmania infection. Here, we investigated the effect of NKT cells in a physiologically relevant, intradermal low dose infection model. After inoculation of 103 infectious-stage L. major, comparable numbers of skin-immigrating NKT cells in both susceptible BALB/c mice and resistant C57BL/6 mice were noted. Compared …

Bacteriophage Adherence to Mucus Mediates Preventive Protection against Pathogenic Bacteria

2019

The mucosal surfaces of animals are habitat for microbes, including viruses. Bacteriophages—viruses that infect bacteria—were shown to be able to bind to mucus. This may result in a symbiotic relationship in which phages find bacterial hosts to infect, protecting the mucus-producing animal from bacterial infections in the process. Here, we studied phage binding on mucus and the effect of mucin on phage-bacterium interactions. The significance of our research is in showing that phage adhesion to mucus results in preventive protection against bacterial infections, which will serve as basis for the development of prophylactic phage therapy approaches. Besides, we also reveal that exposure to m…

Bioenergy willow: protection from the negative impact of biological factors

2017

W rozdziale przedstawiono wyniki badań patologii bakteryjnych oraz grzybicowych wierzby, oraz szkodników i chwastów, które prowadzą do zaginięcia roślin lub znacznego spadku plonu biomasy plantacji energetycznych. Wyświetlono metody ochrony i zapobiegania.

Research data of an article: "Application of high resolution melting assay (HMR) to study temperature dependent infraspecific competition in an patho…

2017

Studies on species’ responses to climate change have focused largely on the direct effect of abiotic factors and in particular temperature, neglecting the effects of biotic interactions in determining the outcome of climate change projections. Many microbes rely on strong interference competition; hence the fitness of many pathogenic bacteria could be a function of both their growth properties and intraspecific competition. However, due to technical challenges in distinguishing and tracking individual strains, experimental evidence on intraspecific competition has been limited so far. Here, we developed a robust application of the high-resolution melting (HRM) assay to study head-to-head co…

Brain Opioid Activity and Oxidative Injury: Different Molecular Scenarios Connecting Celiac Disease and Autistic Spectrum Disorder

2020

Celiac Disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disease triggered by the ingestion of wheat gliadin and related prolamins from other cereals, such as barley and rye. Immunity against these cereal-derived proteins is mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines produced by both innate and adaptive system response in individuals unable to adequately digest them. Peptides generated in this condition are absorbed across the gut barrier, which in these patients is characterized by the deregulation of its permeability. Here, we discuss a possible correlation between CD and Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) pathogenesis. ASD can be induced by an excessive and inappropriate brain opioid activity during the neon…

Fusariose du cyclamen : vers un outil de détection précoce

2016

SPEIPM; Fusariose du cyclamen : vers un outil de détection précoce

Chromosomal imbalances and their target genes in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

2006

Estudio experimental comparado de marcadores bioquímicos en la infección por Fasciola hepatica y F. gigantica

2017

Fascioliasis is caused by the genetically and phenotypically very close Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica. The latter, always considered secondary in human infection, appears nowadays increasingly involved in human endemic areas of Africa and Asia. Unfortunately, little is known about the pathogenicity of this liver fluke species, mainly due to difficulties assessing the moment of a patient's infection in the anamnesis and in the differential diagnosis with F. hepatica. This is the first experimental study comparing F. hepatica and F. gigantica in a long-term study of up to 24 weeks with genotypically and phenotypically standardised fluke strains in the same animal model host, the Guirra s…

Role of Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) in Autoimmune Diseases

2018

Since the discovery of HLA 60 years ago, it has contributed to the understanding of the immune system as well as of the pathogenesis of several diseases. Aside from its essential role in determining donor-recipient immune compatibility in organ transplantation, HLA genotyping is meanwhile performed routinely as part of the diagnostic work-up of certain autoimmune diseases. Considering the ability of HLA to influence thymic selection as well as peripheral anergy of T cells, its role in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity is understandable. The aim of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the role and current clinical relevance of HLA-B27 in spondyloarthritis and HLA-B51 in Behçet's disea…

2016

Objectives Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 (B27) is the strongest genetic factor associated with development of Ankylosing Spondylitis and other spondyloarthropathies (SpA), yet the role it plays in disease pathogenesis remains unclear. We investigated the expression of potentially pathogenic non-conventional heavy chain forms (NC) of B27 in synovial and intestinal tissues obtained from SpA patients. We also determined the presence of NC-B27 in joints, lymphoid and gastrointestinal tissue from B27 transgenic (TG1) rats with M.tuberculosis-induced SpA.