Search results for "Patient-specific model"
showing 6 items of 16 documents
Modelización computacional cardiaca
2020
Resumen Las enfermedades cardiovasculares tienen en la actualidad un gran impacto social y economico y constituyen una de las principales causas de mortalidad y morbilidad. Los modelos computacionales personalizados del corazon estan demostrando ser utiles tanto para ayudar a comprender los mecanismos subyacentes a las patologias cardiacas como para optimizar su tratamiento prediciendo la respuesta del paciente. En este contexto, se ha puesto en marcha la Red Espanola de Investigacion en Modelizacion Computacional Cardiaca (V-Heart SN). El objetivo general de V-Heart SN es el desarrollo de un modelo computacional multifisico y multiescala integrado del corazon. Este objetivo general se abor…
Modelización computacional cardiaca
2020
[EN] Cardiovascular diseases currently have a major social and economic impact, constituting one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Personalized computational models of the heart are demonstrating their usefulness both to help understand the mechanisms underlying cardiac disease, and to optimize their treatment and predict the patient's response. Within this framework, the Spanish Research Network for Cardiac Computational Modelling (VHeart-SN) has been launched. The general objective of the VHeart-SN network is the development of an integrated, modular and multiscale multiphysical computational model of the heart. This general objective is addressed through the following spe…
Acquired IFNγ resistance impairs anti-tumor immunity and gives rise to T-cell-resistant melanoma lesions
2016
Melanoma treatment has been revolutionized by antibody-based immunotherapies. IFNγ secretion by CD8+ T cells is critical for therapy efficacy having anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on tumour cells. Our study demonstrates a genetic evolution of IFNγ resistance in different melanoma patient models. Chromosomal alterations and subsequent inactivating mutations in genes of the IFNγ signalling cascade, most often JAK1 or JAK2, protect melanoma cells from anti-tumour IFNγ activity. JAK1/2 mutants further evolve into T-cell-resistant HLA class I-negative lesions with genes involved in antigen presentation silenced and no longer inducible by IFNγ. Allelic JAK1/2 losses predisposing to …
Patient-specific simulation of the intrastromal ring segment implantation in corneas with keratoconus
2015
Purpose The purpose of this study was the simulation of the implantation of intrastromal corneal-ring segments for patients with keratoconus. The aim of the study was the prediction of the corneal curvature recovery after this intervention. Methods Seven patients with keratoconus diagnosed and treated by implantation of intrastromal corneal-ring segments were enrolled in the study. The 3D geometry of the cornea of each patient was obtained from its specific topography and a hyperelastic model was assumed to characterize its mechanical behavior. To simulate the intervention, the intrastromal corneal-ring segments were modeled and placed at the same location at which they were placed in the s…
The Role of Patient-Specific Morphological Features of the Left Atrial Appendage on the Thromboembolic Risk Under Atrial Fibrillation
2022
BackgroundA large majority of thrombi causing ischemic complications under atrial fibrillation (AF) originate in the left atrial appendage (LAA), an anatomical structure departing from the left atrium, characterized by a large morphological variability between individuals. This work analyses the hemodynamics simulated for different patient-specific models of LAA by means of computational fluid–structure interaction studies, modeling the effect of the changes in contractility and shape resulting from AF.MethodsThree operating conditions were analyzed: sinus rhythm, acute atrial fibrillation, and chronic atrial fibrillation. These were simulated on four patient-specific LAA morphologies, each…
From Clinical Imaging to Patient-Specific Computational Model: Rapid Adaptation of the Living Heart Human Model to a Case of Aortic Stenosis
2021
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common acquired heart valve disease in the developed world. Traditional methods of grading AS have relied on the measurement of aortic valve area and transvalvular pressure gradient. Recent research has highlighted the existence of AS variants that do not meet classic criteria for severe AS such as low-flow, low-gradient AS. With the development of sophisticated multi-scale computational models, investigation into the left ventricular (LV) biomechanics of AS offers new insights into the pathophysiology that may guide treatment decisions surrounding AS. Building upon our prior study entailing LV-aortic coupling where AS conditions were applied to the idealize…