Search results for "Personality test"
showing 10 items of 20 documents
Moderating Effects of Trait Anxiety on Electrodermal Reactions in Different Learning Conditions
1984
This study examined the control of the effects of trait anxiety on GSR during a problem-solving task under different conditions. Of 84 subjects, 39 men and 49 women of mean age 21 yr., 42 were classified as high in anxiety, 42 as low in anxiety. Subjects solved concept-formation tasks at different degrees of difficulty under one of three learning conditions. Low tone, unpleasant loud tone, and unpleasant electric shock provided the three kinds of error feedback. For the ‘low tone’ and ‘electric shock’ as feedback on errors significant differences in GSR values resulted for groups high and low in anxiety with the latter showing higher scores. The relevance of physiological patterns in multi…
Validation of the Multicultural Personality Questionnaire Short Form (MPQ-SF) for use in the context of international education
2020
The Multicultural Personality Questionnaire (MPQ) is one of the most widely used instruments for measuring individuals’ intercultural competences. The original version consists of 91 items, divided into five subscales, and has been shown to predict attitudes, behavior, and outcomes in a variety of intercultural contexts. Recently, a 40-item short form of the MPQ was developed (MPQ-SF), which may be particularly useful in settings in which time or survey space are limited, or where respondent drop-out is likely to occur. For example, the MPQ-SF would be a valuable tool for assessing longitudinal development of multicultural personality traits in training or educational settings. A prerequisi…
Does Subjective Rating Reflect Behavioural Coding? Personality in 2 Month-Old Dog Puppies: An Open-Field Test and Adjective-Based Questionnaire
2016
A number of studies have recently investigated personality traits in non-human species, with the dog gaining popularity as a subject species for research in this area. Recent research has shown the consistency of personality traits across both context and time for adult dogs, both when using questionnaire based methods of investigation and behavioural analyses of the dogs' behaviour. However, only a few studies have assessed the correspondence between these two methods, with results varying considerably across studies. Furthermore, most studies have focused on adult dogs, despite the fact that an understanding of personality traits in young puppies may be important for research focusing on …
Brief report: Assessing dispositional optimism in adolescence – Factor structure and concurrent validity of the Life Orientation Test – Revised
2014
Dispositional optimism is an individual difference promoting psychosocial adjustment and well-being during adolescence. Dispositional optimism was originally defined as a one-dimensional construct; however, empirical evidence suggests two correlated factors in the Life Orientation Test - Revised (LOT-R).The main aim of the study was to evaluate the dimensionality of the LOT-R. This study is the first attempt to identify the best factor structure, comparing congeneric, two correlated-factor, and two orthogonal-factor models in a sample of adolescents. Concurrent validity was also assessed.The results demonstrated the superior fit of the two orthogonal-factor model thus reconciling the one-di…
Automatic brain response to facial emotion as a function of implicitly and explicitly measured extraversion.
2010
Extraversion/introversion is a basic dimension of personality that describes individual differences in social behavior and sensory sensitivity. Previous neuroimaging research exclusively relied on self reports for assessing personality traits. In recent years, implicit measures of personality have been developed that aim at assessing the implicit self-concept of personality and complement self report instruments which are thought to measure aspects of the explicit self-concept of personality. In the present study functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine automatic brain reactivity to facial expression as a function of both implicitly and explicitly measured extraversion in 3…
Rorschach et maladies somatiques : Applications et éléments de validité
2004
Resume L'objet de cet article est d'offrir une revue des principales applications du Rorschach au domaine des maladies somatiques. Les etudes se rapportant a trois domaines sont presentees et critiquees (en allant du plus theorique ou plus empirique) : (1) La cotation des contenus par des echelles comme celle de Fisher et Cleveland (1958) ou de Masling, Rabie et Blondheim (1967) ; (2) Un ensemble d'etudes s'interessant a un “ facteur de risque ” psychosomatique (l'alexithymie) ; (3) Un groupe de recherches visant a evaluer les correlations des facteurs Rorschach avec les comportements de soin chez les personnes malades. Ces trois axes de recherche illustrent differentes logiques de relatio…
Bronchial asthma and personality dimensions: a multifaceted association.
1994
Personality dimensions seem to play an important role in chronic diseases by maintaining or increasing the patient's physical complaints. This study examines in bronchial asthma: (a) the relationships among clinical data, baseline lung function, and personality traits; and (b) the patient's characteristics related to the physician's judgement about his or her asthma severity. Five questionnaires measuring anxiety, depression, self-consciousness, and subjective symptoms were completed by 51 asthmatic patients. Responses to questionnaires and clinical and demographic data were factor-analyzed. Factor analysis revealed that the physician's severity judgement is based on elderly age, high score…
A dynamic extraversion model. The brain's response to a single dose of a stimulant drug.
2008
The aim of this paper is to present a mathematical dynamic modelling of the effect a stimulant drug has on different people which, at the same time, can be a useful tool for future brain studies. To this end, a dynamic model of the evolution of extraversion (considering its tonic and phasic aspects) has been constructed taking into account the unique personality trait theory and the general modelling methodology. This model consists of a delayed differential equation which, on one hand, considers that the active stimulus, a consequence of a single intake, is not constant; on the other hand, it contemplates that the state variable representing the phasic extraversion also represents the brai…
Secular rise in economically valuable personality traits
2017
Although trends in many physical characteristics and cognitive capabilities of modern humans are well-documented, less is known about how personality traits have evolved over time. We analyze data from a standardized personality test administered to 79% of Finnish men born between 1962 and 1976 (n = 419,523) and find steady increases in personality traits that predict higher income in later life. The magnitudes of these trends are similar to the simultaneous increase in cognitive abilities, at 0.2-0.6 SD during the 15-y window. When anchored to earnings, the change in personality traits amounts to a 12% increase. Both personality and cognitive ability have consistent associations with famil…
The relationship between Gray's and Eysenck's personality spaces
1993
In a sample of 171 healthy volunteers, the present study examined the relationships between questionnaire measures of trait anxiety, punishment sensitivity, and impulsivity with the measures from the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). This was undertaken in order to explore the relative location of the personality dimensions central to the ideas of Gray and Eysenck. Results confirmed that the behavioural inhibition personality dimension (anxiety) lies at a non-negligible angle relative to neuroticism (N) especially when measured via special purpose questionnaires. This dimension also appeared largely independent of psychoticism (P) which suggests limits on the importance of a hypoacti…