Search results for "Phosphorus"

showing 10 items of 431 documents

Carbon and nutrient biological removal in a University of Cape Town membrane bioreactor: Analysis of a pilot plant operated under two different C/N r…

2016

Abstract The effect of the carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio variation in a University of Cape Town Membrane bioreactor (UCT-MBR) was investigated. The experimental campaign was divided into two phases, each characterized by a different C/N ratio (namely, 10 and 5, Phase I and Phase II, respectively). The UCT-MBR pilot plant was analysed in terms of carbon and nutrients removal, biomass respiratory activity, activated sludge features and membrane fouling. The results highlighted that the nutrients removal was significantly affected by the decrease of the C/N ratio during the Phase II. The biological carbon removal was also affected by the low C/N value during the Phase II. Indeed, the average …

General Chemical Engineering0208 environmental biotechnologyHeterotrophchemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesMembrane bioreactor01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringC/N ratio; Enhanced biological phosphorus removal; Membrane filtration; Nitrogen removal; Chemical Engineering (all); Chemistry (all); Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering; Environmental ChemistryNutrientPhase (matter)Environmental ChemistryChemical Engineering (all)0105 earth and related environmental sciencesSettore ICAR/03 - Ingegneria Sanitaria-AmbientaleChemistryMembrane foulingChemistry (all)General ChemistryNitrogen removalC/N ratio020801 environmental engineeringPilot plantActivated sludgeChemical engineeringEnvironmental chemistryEnhanced biological phosphorus removalCarbonMembrane filtration
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BODIPY dyes functionalized with 2-(2-dimethylaminophenyl)ethanol moieties as selective OFF–ON fluorescent chemodosimeters for the nerve agent mimics …

2014

[EN] Two OFF-ON fluorescent chemodosimeters based on a BODIPY core for the detection of nerve agent mimics have been synthesized. Their reactivity towards diethylcyanophosphonate (DCNP) and diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) has been tested in organic and aqueous phase. These chemodosimeters selectively detect the nerve agent mimics with good LODs. The chemodosimeters hold their sensing properties on solid supports, allowing the preparation of a hand held sensing kit. The sensing in solid-liquid phase has been demonstrated. The X-ray structure of compound 2 has been resolved.

General Chemical EngineeringBiological Warfare Agentschemistry.chemical_compoundOrganophosphorus HydrolasemedicineOrganic chemistryReactivity (chemistry)Nerve agentEthanolDmmp DetectionQUIMICA INORGANICAOptical-PropertiesAqueous two-phase systemGeneral ChemistryCombinatorial chemistryFluorescenceElectrochemical gas sensorchemistryAcetylcholinesteraseSpectroscopic PropertiesBODIPYPhotonic CrystalBiosensorElectrochemical SensorDerivativesBiosensormedicine.drugRSC Adv.
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Use of Calcined Dolomite as Chemical Precipitant in the Simultaneous Removal of Ammonium and Phosphate from Synthetic Wastewater and from Agricultura…

2019

Phosphorus as phosphate and nitrogen as ammonium or nitrate are the main nutrients in wastewaters and agricultural sludges. They runoff easily to waterways and cause eutrophication in water bodies. However, ammonium and phosphate could be precipitated simultaneously and used as recycled nutrients. In this research, dolomite calcined at 650 &deg

General Chemical EngineeringDolomitechemistry.chemical_elementstruvite02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciences01 natural scienceslcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundNitrateAmmoniumprecipitantta116jäteveden käsittelyphosphate0105 earth and related environmental sciencessaostusfosfaatitPhosphorusGeneral Engineering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPhosphateNitrogendolomiittiammoniumdolomiteGeneral Energylcsh:QD1-999chemistryWastewaterStruvite0210 nano-technologyjätevedetNuclear chemistryChemEngineering
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Polyphenols, methylxanthines, fatty acids and minerals in cocoa beans and cocoa products

2019

In this study, the nutritional profile and some health benefit of three cocoa bean samples of different origins, including Perù, Ecuador (Criollo) and Ghana (Hybrid) and five samples of cocoa products from Criollo variety at different percentage of cocoa solids (from 70 to 100%), are investigated. The Ecuadorian beans were of the same batch used to obtain the chocolate samples (70% cocoa solids) by processing without conching. All samples were analyzed for their proximate composition, mineral content, fatty acids, total polyphenols, catechin, epicathechin theobromine and caffeine. Fatty acid profiles of the cocoa products were quite similar to those obtained in cocoa beans. The atherogenici…

General Chemical EngineeringFlavonoidchemistry.chemical_element01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing Engineeringchemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyfoodCocoamedicineFood scienceChocolateSafety Risk Reliability and QualityTheobromineMineralchemistry.chemical_classificationEpicatechinPhosphorus010401 analytical chemistryfood and beveragesFatty acidCatechin04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesCOCOA BEANSettore AGR/15 - Scienze E Tecnologie Alimentari040401 food sciencefood.food0104 chemical scienceschemistryPolyphenolCocoa · Chocolate · Epicatechin · Minerals · TheobromineTheobromineCaffeineFood Sciencemedicine.drug
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Efficient synthesis of quaternary and P-stereogenic phosphonium triflates

2010

An efficient and general method for the preparation of achiral and chiral phosphonium salts is reported. This synthesis is based on the quaternization of phosphines and their derivatives with arynes generated in situ from 2-(trimethylsilyl)aryl triflates. This methodology is successfully applied to the synthesis of new valuable P-stereogenic phosphonium triflates.

General methodMolecular StructureTrimethylsilyl[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry010405 organic chemistryArylOrganic ChemistryStereoisomerism010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryAryne0104 chemical sciencesStereocenterchemistry.chemical_compoundOrganophosphorus Compoundschemistry[ CHIM.ORGA ] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryOrganic chemistryPhosphoniumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Forensics of birds of prey by DNA fingerprinting with 32P-labeled oligonucleotide probes.

1991

Paternity tests on confiscated families of eight species of birds of prey were carried out successfully by DNA fingerprinting with 32P-labeled oligonucleotide probes. Variations in the number of hybridized fragments, depending on the species of birds, are observed using the same probe, as well as differences of polymorphism by hybridizing the DNA samples with several oligonucleotide probes.

GeneticsMaleBase CompositionBase SequenceOligonucleotideClinical BiochemistryPhosphorus IsotopesBiologyBiochemistryDNA FingerprintingAnalytical ChemistryPredationBirdschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDNA profilingPolymorphism (computer science)Paternity testsAnimalsBase sequenceMolecular probeOligonucleotide ProbesDNAPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthRepetitive Sequences Nucleic AcidElectrophoresis
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Nutritional Characterization of Sea Bass Processing By-Products

2020

The consumption of functional foods and nutraceuticals is gaining more importance in modern society. The exploration of alternative sources and the utilization of by-products coming from the food industry are gaining more importance. The present study aimed to characterize the nutritional value and potential use of sea bass by-products as a source of high-added-value compounds for the development of supplements. The chemical composition (moisture, protein, fat, and ash contents) and profiles of amino acids (high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a scanning fluorescence detector), fatty acids (gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector), and minerals (inductively co…

Gill030309 nutrition & dieteticslcsh:QR1-502chemistry.chemical_element<i>dicentrarchus labrax</i>CalciumBiochemistrylcsh:MicrobiologyArticle03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyNutraceuticalby-productFatty Acids Omega-3By-productAnimalsDicentrarchus labrax14. Life underwaterFood scienceFish Proteins DietarySea bassphosphorusMolecular BiologyChemical composition2. Zero hungerchemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesamino acidsMineralscalciumFatty Acids04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food scienceAmino acidchemistrySeafoodbiological relevanceBassGas chromatographyomega-3Nutritive ValueBiomolecules
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Fenitrothion uptake and bioconcentration in the European eel(Anguilla anguilla)

1994

Eels (Anguilla anguilla) were exposed to 0.02 mg/L of the organophosphorus pesticide fenitrothion during 144 hours in semi‐static conditions. BCF, intBCF, uptake rate constants (Ku) and elimination rate constants (Kd) of fenitrothion were determined in brain, gills, blood and muscle tissues of the eel. A simple one‐compartment model fitted the uptake and elimination characteristics. Plateau were reached at different times in the different tissues: at 24 hr in gills, 72 hr in brain and blood and 120 hr in muscle tissue. BCF were ranged from 117 for blood to 658 for muscle. Muscle tissue showed the highest BCF, intBCF, Ku and the lowest Kd .

GillMuscle tissueanimal structuresChemistryHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisBioconcentrationPollutionFenitrothionToxicologychemistry.chemical_compoundAnimal sciencemedicine.anatomical_structuremedicineEnvironmental ChemistryUptake rateOrganophosphorus pesticidesToxicological &amp; Environmental Chemistry
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Impaired glutathione redox status is associated with decreased survival in two organophosphate-poisoned marine bivalves

2002

Biomonitoring organophosphate (OP) exposure in marine environments is generally achieved by the measurement of acetylcholinesterase activity in bivalves like mussels. However, there is evidence that indicates that oxidative stress may be implied in OP toxicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between survival from the OP insecticide fenitrothion and glutathione levels in marine bivalves. Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam.) and scallops (Flexopecten flexuosus Poli) were exposed, in a time to death test, to their LC85 of fenitrothion for 96 h. OP-poisoned mussels showed reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) glutathione depletion in the digestive gland, muscle and gills…

Gillsmedicine.medical_specialtyInsecticidesanimal structuresEnvironmental EngineeringHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisStatistics as TopicMedizinApoptosisMarine Biologymedicine.disease_causeFenitrothionchemistry.chemical_compoundNecrosisOrganophosphorus CompoundsInternal medicineToxicity TestsmedicineEnvironmental ChemistryAnimalsMolluscabiologyGlutathione DisulfideMusclesfungiOrganophosphatePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineGeneral ChemistryGlutathioneFenitrothionbiology.organism_classificationBivalviaPollutionGlutathioneMytilusOxidative StressEndocrinologychemistryMolluscaEnvironmental chemistryToxicityDigestive SystemOxidation-ReductionOxidative stressBiomarkers
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Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Nanostructures Fabricated from Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Multilayers of Hyperbranched Polyglycerols and Phosphorus Dendr…

2007

Multilayer thin films of cationic phosphorous dendrimers and anionic hyperbranched polyglycerols were fabricated by electrostatic layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly (SA). The film formation was monitored by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy, and it was found that the stepwise, alternating deposition results in a linear growth up to four bilayers. Hybrid organic-TiO2 nanostructures were generated by exposing the supramolecular multilayers to TiCl4 precursors. The amounts of TiO2 incorporated inside the scaffolds could be tuned by controlling the porosity of the multilayers with the addition of a small amount of salts. The resulting hybrid films exhibit …

GlycerolMaterials scienceMacromolecular SubstancesPolymersSurface PropertiesMolecular ConformationBiomedical EngineeringBioengineeringChemical vapor depositionDendrimerMaterials TestingPolymer chemistryNanotechnologyGeneral Materials ScienceOrganic ChemicalsParticle SizeSurface plasmon resonanceThin filmTitaniumNanocompositeLayer by layerMembranes ArtificialPhosphorusGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsNanostructuresChemical engineeringInorganic ChemicalsSelf-assemblyCrystallizationHybrid materialJournal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
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