Search results for "Plastics"

showing 10 items of 2724 documents

From Defined Reactive Diblock Copolymers to Functional HPMA-Based Self-Assembled Nanoaggregates

2008

This paper describes the synthesis of functional amphiphilic poly( N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide)-block-poly(lauryl methacrylate) copolymers by RAFT polymerization via the intermediate step of activated ester block copolymers (pentafluoro-phenyl methacrylate). Block copolymers with molecular weights from 12000-28000 g/mol and PDIs of about 1.2 have been obtained. The amphiphilic diblock copolymers form stable super structures (nanoaggregates) by self-organization in aqueous solution. The diameters of these particles are between 100 and 200 nm and depend directly on the molecular weight of the block copolymer. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of these nanoaggregates on cell viabi…

Hydrodynamic radiusPolymers and PlasticsCell SurvivalPolymersRadical polymerizationBiocompatible MaterialsBioengineeringMethacrylateCell LineBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundDogsCell MovementMaterials TestingPolymer chemistryAmphiphileMaterials ChemistryCopolymerAnimalsMethacrylamideReversible addition−fragmentation chain-transfer polymerizationCell ShapeLauric AcidsChain transferMolecular WeightchemistryMethacrylatesNanoparticlesBiomacromolecules
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Synthesis and Characterization of Stimuli-Responsive Star-Like Polypept(o)ides: Introducing Biodegradable PeptoStars

2017

tar-like polymers are one of the smallest systems in the class of core crosslinked polymeric nanoparticles. This article reports on a versatile, straightforward synthesis of three-arm star-like polypept(o)ide (polysarcosine-block-polylysine) polymers, which are designed to be either stable or degradable at elevated levels of glutathione. Polypept(o)ides are a recently introduced class of polymers combining the stealth-like properties of the polypeptoid polysarcosine with the functionality of polypeptides, thus enabling the synthesis of materials completely based on endogenous amino acids. The star-like homo and block copolymers are synthesized by living nucleophilic ring opening polymerizat…

Hydrodynamic radiusPolymers and PlasticsPolymersBioengineeringBiodegradable Plastics02 engineering and technologyDegree of polymerization010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesRing-opening polymerizationBiomaterialsDrug Delivery SystemsDynamic light scatteringNucleophilePolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerHumansAmino Acidschemistry.chemical_classificationPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGlutathione0104 chemical sciencesAmino acidHEK293 CellschemistryNanoparticlesPeptides0210 nano-technologyHeLa CellsBiotechnologyMacromolecular Bioscience
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Novel cationic polyaspartamide with covalently linked carboxypropyl-trimethyl ammonium chloride as a candidate vector for gene delivery

2006

Abstract The non-viral gene vector properties of a protein-like polymer, the α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)- d , l -aspartamide (PHEA) were investigated after its derivatization with 3-(carboxypropyl)trimethyl-ammonium chloride (CPTA) as molecule bearing cationic groups, in order to obtain stable polycations able to condense DNA. PHEA was firstly functionalized with hydrazide pendant groups by reaction with hydrazine monohydrate (HYD), obtaining the polyhydrazide α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl/carbazate)- d , l -aspartamide (PHEA–HYD). In this paper we reported that polymer functionalization degree can be easily modulated by varying reaction conditions, so allowing us to produce two PHEA derivatives…

Hydrodynamic radiusPolymers and PlasticsStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryCationic polymerizationGeneral Physics and AstronomyChemical modification3-(carboxypropyl) trimethyl ammonium chlorideCondensation reactionHydrazideChloridePolyelectrolytesynthetic gene vectorpolycationalphabeta-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide (PHEA)chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistrymedicineAmmonium chloridepolyplexemedicine.drugEuropean Polymer Journal
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PeptoSomes for Vaccination: Combining Antigen and Adjuvant in Polypept(o)ide-Based Polymersomes.

2017

In this work, the first vaccine is reported based on a PeptoSome, which contains a model antigen (SIINFEKL) and adjuvant (CpG). PeptoSomes are polypept(o)ide-based polymersomes built of a block-copolymer with polysarcosine (PSar) as the hydrophilic block (X n = 111) and poly(benzyl-glutamic acid) (PGlu(OBn)) as the hydrophobic one (X n = 46). The polypept(o)ide is obtained with low dispersity index of 1.32 by controlled ring-opening polymerization. Vesicle formation by dual centrifugation technique allows for loading of vesicles up to 40 mol%. PeptoSomes are characterized by multiangle dynamic light scattering, static light scattering, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryoTEM…

Hydrodynamic radiusPolymers and Plasticsmedicine.medical_treatmentT-LymphocytesDispersityGene ExpressionBioengineeringchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaBone Marrow Cells02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryLymphocyte Activation01 natural sciencesBiomaterialsPeptoidsDynamic light scatteringAntigenAdjuvants ImmunologicMaterials ChemistrymedicineHumansStatic light scatteringAntigensVaccinesChemistryVesicleVaccinationSarcosineDendritic Cells021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMolecular biologyCoculture Techniques0104 chemical sciencesOligodeoxyribonucleotidesPolymersomeB7-1 AntigenCytokinesB7-2 Antigen0210 nano-technologyPeptidesAdjuvantBiomarkersBiotechnologyMacromolecular bioscience
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Some new examples of cationic polymerization

1986

Preparation, proprietes et polymerisation cationique de cis et trans-methoxyvinylchlorure. Le polymere trans est surtout threodiisotactique. Copolymerisation du cis avec le trans ou le styrene ou le dioxolanene-1,3. Polymerisation de la phenyl-2 oxazoline et de la conidine

Hydrolysischemistry.chemical_compoundPolymers and PlasticsChemistryOrganic ChemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCationic polymerizationOrganic chemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsRing-opening polymerizationStyreneMakromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia
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Biopolymeric bilayer films produced by co-extrusion film blowing

2018

Abstract Biodegradable packaging promises a more environmentally friendly future. Nevertheless, a single biopolymer often lacks of some important properties. In order to contribute to this challenge, biodegradable bilayer films from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and MaterBi® were prepared in this work and compared with monolayer films obtained with both the polymers. The prepared films were fully characterized through morphological, mechanical, thermal, chemical, optical and water contact angle analyses. Furthermore, the hydrolytic degradation of monolayer and bilayer films was studied by performing tests at three different pH. The morphological analysis revealed that PLA/MaterBi bilayer films sh…

Hydrolytic degradationMaterials sciencePolymers and Plastics02 engineering and technologyengineering.material010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesContact anglechemistry.chemical_compoundMonolayerPolymer chemistrychemistry.chemical_classificationpHBilayerOrganic ChemistryPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesLactic acidchemistryChemical engineeringBilayer filmengineeringBiodegradablePLADegradation (geology)BiopolymerElongation0210 nano-technologyMelt processingPolymer Testing
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Properties of radiation-modified blends of polyethylene with elastomers and liquid crystalline copolyester

2001

The results are given on the effect of γ-irradiation on properties of blends of high and low-density polyethylene (HDPE, LDPE) with elastomers -ethylene/propylene/diene rubber (EPDM) and chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), and thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (LCP). The morphological, thermal, mechanical properties (including thermosetting properties) and adhesion properties of blended composites were investigated. A special attention was paid to the applicability of the blends as thermosetting materials (TSM). The LCP used was a copolyester of poly(ethylene terephthalate) with p-(hydroxybenzoic acid) in the ratio 40: 60. It was found that addition of LCP essentially influenced the therm…

Hydroxybenzoic acidMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsEPDM rubberOrganic ChemistryThermosetting polymerPolyethyleneCondensed Matter PhysicsCopolyesterchemistry.chemical_compoundLow-density polyethylenechemistryMaterials ChemistryPolymer blendHigh-density polyethyleneComposite materialMacromolecular Symposia
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Rapid Access to Polyfunctional Lipids with Complex Architecture via Oxyanionic Ring-Opening Polymerization

2011

Polymer-coated liposomes, particularly poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-substituted liposomes, have emerged as long-circulating carrier systems for drug delivery and diagnostic purposes. A rapid synthesis of three different types of multifunctional lipids with structurally diverse hydrophilic, polyether-based architectures via one- or two-pot approaches is described. Architectural variation is achieved by the combination of different oxyanionic polymerization strategies and various glycidyl ether building units. Branched polyglycerol lipids have been prepared via cholesterol- or 1,2-bis-n-alkyl glyceryl ether-initiated, oxyanionic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of protected glycidyl ethers an…

Hyperbranched PolyglycerolsPolymers and PlasticsEffectively ProlongRing-opening polymerizationMicelleCirculation TimeInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundAmphiphilePolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerOrganic chemistryPoly(Ethylene Glycol) CopolymersSolid TumorsCationic-PolymerizationDrug-Delivery SystemsOxide) OligomersEthylene oxideOrganic ChemistryCationic polymerizationEnd-groupchemistryPolymerizationBlock-CopolymersIn-Vivo
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Novel Multifunctional Polymeric Photoinitiators and Photo-Coinitiators Derived from Hyperbranched Polyglycerol

2007

A new class of hyperbranched PPIs and PPCs have been prepared. The introduction of compatibilizing groups such as MEEA or trimethylacetate enhanced their solubility in radiation-curable formulations and led to an improved photoactivity compared with the corresponding MPI and MPC. Although the molecular weights of the subject PPIs and PPCs exceeded 800 g mol -1 , the viscosities of the radiation-curable formulations were still suitable for inkjet application. The combination of high photoactivity, low viscosity, and low extract-ability after curing rendered the resulting hyperbranched PPIs and PPCs attractive as components in the inkjet ink for inkjet printing, e.g., in food packaging.

Hyperbranched polyglycerolMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsTertiary amineOrganic ChemistryChemical modificationCondensed Matter PhysicsFood packagingEnd-groupPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySolubilityPhotoinitiatorCuring (chemistry)Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics
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Construction and characterization of models of hypercrosslinked polystyrene

2012

A simple algorithm involving classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations is here suggested to build up models of hypercrosslinked polystyrene showing macroporous structure. The algorithm is composed by three consecutive stages: MD simulation of a single polystyrene coil, crosslink formation, and finally relaxation of the structure. The models, which are differentiated by the crosslinker concentration in the initial polystyrene chain, can be characterized by employing tools of the small angle neutron scattering analysis and procedures associated to the crosslinking algorithm, which allows one to discriminate among the different kinds of crosslinks between phenyl rings and to calculate the …

Hypercrosslinked polystyrene crosslinking degree molecular dynamicsMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsRelaxation (NMR)Substrate (chemistry)02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSmall-angle neutron scattering0104 chemical sciencesCharacterization (materials science)chemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicsColloid and Surface ChemistryChemical engineeringchemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryPolystyrenePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologySIMPLE algorithmMacromoleculeColloid and Polymer Science
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