Search results for "Polar"

showing 10 items of 3817 documents

Apolar versus polar solvents: a comparison of the strength of some organic acids against different bases in toluene and in water

2010

The constants of ion-pair formation with 3-nitroaniline (3NO(2)A) for eight halogenoacetic acids (HAAs, 3a-h: TFA, TCA, TBA, DFA, DCA, DBA, MCA, and MBA), and five 2,2-dichloroalkanoic acids containing 3-8 carbon atoms (HAs, 5a-e: DCPA, DCBA, DCMBA, DCVA, and DCOA) have been determined in TOL at 298.1 K. The results obtained brought to evidence for HAAs the formation of ion-pairs with two different stoichiometries (base-acid, 1:1 or 1:2), while in contrast the HAs furnish only the 1:1 pairs. The different steric and electronic requirements of HAAs and HAs seem to be responsible for such an unlikely behavior. At the same time, the acid-catalyzed MRH of the (Z)-phenylhydrazone of 5-amino-3-be…

nitroanilinechemistry.chemical_classificationSteric effectsBase (chemistry)reazione di Boulton-Katritzskyacidi dicloroalcanoicichemistry.chemical_elementSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica Organicaacidi alogenoaceticiMedicinal chemistryTolueneMRH kinetic ion pairschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryUreaPolarOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCarbonreazione di Boulton-Katritzsky; nitroaniline; acidi alogenoacetici; acidi dicloroalcanoiciStoichiometry
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Pulsations of HD 181231

2009

HD181231 is a B5IVe star, which has been observed with the CoRoT satellite during ~5 consecutive months and simultaneously from the ground in spectroscopy and spectropolarimetry. By analysing these data, we aim to detect and characterize as many pulsation frequencies as possible, to search for the presence of beating effects possibly at the origin of the Be phenomenon. Our results will also provide a basis for seismic modelling. The fundamental parameters of the star are determined from spectral fitting and from the study of the circumstellar emission. The CoRoT photometric data and ground-based spectroscopy are analysed using several Fourier techniques: Clean-ng, Pasper, and Tisaft, as wel…

observational astronomyEarly type starsAstrophysics and AstronomyExoplanet AstronomyEarly-type starsStellar AstronomyBe starsPhysicsPolarimetryAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsNatural SciencesSpectroscopy
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Demo 78. Polarización de la luz

2013

Objetivo: Comprender la polarización de la luz.

ondasópticapolarización
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Alignment of linear molecules by short duration laser pulses

2005

Alignment of linear molecules is efficiently induced by strong linearly polarized laser pulses. In the case of short pulses with respect to molecular rotation, periodic alignment appears in field-free conditions after the extinction of the field. This manuscript presents three techniques where the value of allows to quantify alignment without molecular dissociation nor additional alignment. They use a weak time-delayed probe pulse which experiences the optical properties of an aligned sample and shows modification of its characteristics. The first of them measures a depolarization due to the birefringence of the sample. The second one is based on the defocusing produced by the spatial distr…

optical Kerr effectultra-short pulsescohérence rotationnelleréseau d'indiceimpulsions ultra-courtes[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]polarization spectroscopytransient gratingalignement moléculairemolecular dynamicstime resolved pump-probe techniquesdynamique moléculairespectroscopie de polarisation[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]rotational coherenceeffet Kerr optiquetechniques pompe-sonde résolues en tempsmolecular alignment
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Temporal spying and concealing process in fibre-optic data transmission systems through polarization bypass

2014

Recent research has been focused on the ability to manipulate a light beam in such a way to hide, namely to cloak, an event over a finite time or localization in space. The main idea is to create a hole or a gap in the spatial or time domain so as to allow for an object or data to be kept hidden for a while and then to be restored. By enlarging the field of applications of this concept to telecommunications, researchers have recently reported the possibility to hide transmitted data in an optical fibre. Here we report the first experimental demonstration of perpetual temporal spying and blinding process of optical data in fibre-optic transmission line based on polarization bypass. We succes…

optical fiberOptical fiberComputer scienceOptical communicationGeneral Physics and AstronomyCloakingtemporal cloakingpolarization control02 engineering and technologyoptical communicationsBioinformatics01 natural sciencesArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologylaw.invention010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticslaw0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multidisciplinarybusiness.industryGeneral ChemistryTransmission systemPolarization (waves)Data transmission systemsContinuous wavebusinessNature Communications
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A universal optical all-fiber omnipolarizer

2012

International audience; Wherever the polarization properties of a light beam are of concern, polarizers and polarizing beamsplitters (PBS) are indispensable devices in linear-, nonlinear- and quantum-optical schemes. By the very nature of their operation principle, transformation of incoming unpolarized or partially polarized beams through these devices introduces large intensity variations in the fully polarized outcoming beam(s). Such intensity fluctuations are often detrimental, particularly when light is post-processed by nonlinear crystals or other polarization-sensitive optic elements. Here we demonstrate the unexpected capability of light to self-organize its own state-of-polarizatio…

optical fiberOptical fiberNonlinear optics02 engineering and technologypolarization control01 natural sciencesArticlelaw.invention010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticslaw0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringLight beamstimulated brillouin-cattering polarization control supercontinuum generationsupercontinuum generationPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multidisciplinary[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industryNonlinear opticsPolarizerPolarization (waves)stimulated brillouin-catteringNonlinear systemAll fiberTelecommunicationsbusinessBeam (structure)
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Simultaneous polarization attraction and Raman amplification of a light beam in optical fibers

2012

International audience; In this paper, we demonstrate that it is possible to combine both Raman amplification and polarization attraction of a signal wave in a single optical fiber by means of a counterpropagating scheme. Experiments were performed near 1550 nm in a continuous wave regime and by means of a 10 Gbit ∕ s return-to-zero signal injected in a 20 kmlong low polarization mode dispersion optical fiber. Complete repolarization and 6.7 dB amplification of the signal wave was achieved by injecting a 850 mW, 1480 nm counterpropagating polarized pump wave.

optical fiberRaman amplificationMaterials sciencePhysics::OpticsFOS: Physical sciencesPolarization-maintaining optical fiber02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOptics0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringDispersion-shifted fiberCircular polarizationpolarization[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industrynonlinear opticsSingle-mode optical fiberStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOCISCross-polarized wave generationPolarization mode dispersionOptoelectronicsbusinessPhysics - OpticsPhotonic-crystal fiberOptics (physics.optics)
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Polarisation attraction and incoherent modulation instability in optical fibers

2006

This thesis, entitled « Polarisation attraction and incoherent modulation instability in optical fibers », presents a theoretical and experimental study of two new processes from the nonlinear optic in optical fibers domain. We introduce in the first chapter some theoretical notions useful for the comprehension of this work. Then, we demonstrate in the second chapter that it is possible to generate some modulation instability in optical fibers using a partially coherent optical beam. We highlight and observe the main properties of the phenomenon. We study the polarisation attraction in isotropic fibers process in the third chapter. Our work proves the existence of the phenomenon, and permit…

optical fiberattractorOptique non-linéaireincoherent lightlumière incohérenteattracteurnonlinear opticmodulation instabilityinstabilité modulationnelle[PHYS.PHYS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]polarisation[ PHYS.PHYS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]Fibre optique
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Even harmonic pulse train generation by cross-polarization-modulation seeded instability in optical fibers

2012

International audience; We show that, by properly adjusting the relative state of polarization of the pump and of a weak modulation, with a frequency such that at least one of its even harmonics falls within the band of modulation instability, one obtains a fully modulated wave at the second or higher even harmonic of the initial modulation. An application of this principle to the generation of a 80-GHz optical pulse train with high extinction ratio from a 40-GHz weakly modulated pump is experimentally demonstrated using a nonzero dispersion shifted fiber in the telecom C band.

optical fibersPhysics::Optics01 natural sciences010309 opticsOptics0103 physical sciencesPulse waveoptics; modulation; optical fibers; pulse-train010306 general physicsPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Extinction ratiobusiness.industrynonlinear opticsNonlinear opticsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticsopticsmodulationpulse train generationCross-polarized wave generationPulse compressionHarmonicspulse-trainHarmonic analysis; modulation; optical fibersbusinessFrequency modulationUltrashort pulse
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Ge quantum well plasmon-enhanced quantum confined Stark effect modulator

2014

ABSTRACTWe theoretically and experimentally investigate a novel modulation concept on silicon (Si) based on the combination of quantum confinement and plasmon enhancement effects. We experimentally study the suitability of Ge/SiGe quantum wells (QWs) on Si as the active material for a plasmon-enhanced optical modulator. We demonstrate that in QW structures absorption and modulation of light with transverse magnetic (TM) polarization are greatly enhanced due to favorable selection rules. Later, we theoretically study the plasmon propagation at the metal-Ge/SiGe QW interface. We design a novel Ge/SiGe QW structure that allows maximized overlap between the plasmonic mode and the underlying Ge/…

optical propertiesMaterials scienceoptical; optical properties; optoelectronic; Materials Science (all); Condensed Matter Physics; Mechanical Engineering; Mechanics of MaterialsSolid-state physicsCondensed matter physicsMechanical EngineeringQuantum-confined Stark effectPhysics::OpticsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectPolarization (waves)Condensed Matter PhysicsQuantum technologyOptical modulatorQuantum dotMechanics of MaterialsopticalMaterials Science (all)optoelectronicQuantum wellPlasmon
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